Tsirrai masu daji suna mamaye kyawun halitta. Sau da yawa suna da kaddarorin magani, kyawawan furanni. Kaluzhitsa marsh ce, wacce kuma ake kiranta da "eye yellow", daidai daga irin wannan.
Bayanin Shuka
Marsh marigold shine tsire-tsire na herbaceous na zamani, wakilin dangin Ranunculaceae. Matsayi na asali shine Turawa, Siberian da Far gabashin bude sararin samaniya na Rasha, Caucasus, Asiya ta Tsakiya. Tsayi ya bambanta daga wurin girma. A ƙasa mai ƙarfi, cm 40 kawai, kuma cikin ruwa ya kai mita 3. Ganyen mai kauri ne mai kauri, yana iya zama madaidaici, yana jan hawa ko hawa. Ganyen ana fentin duhu kore, mai kamannin zuciya tare da yanke jagged. Tsawon - cm cm 15-20. A wani gefen gefen ganye, ana iya ganin silsilar launuka masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi. Tare da tsawanta tsawon lokaci ga zafin rana, sai su samar da bututu. Diamita na furanni shine santimita biyar. Babban sashi shine rawaya, amma akwai zinariya, fari da ruwan lemo.
Cikakken bayanin
Yawancin nau'ikan Caltha palustris
- Mahara Plantaramin shuka tare da furanni masu rawaya sau biyu;
- Flore Pleno. Matsakaici game da santimita 25, furanni - ninki biyu, rawaya;
- Aiba. Farkon fure mai tsire-tsire. Tsawon - 22 cm, kuma nisa - cm 30 Furanni - furen launi - farin launi tare da tambarin rawaya.
Warkar da kaddarorin
Marsh marigold shine tushen magunguna da yawa. Ana amfani dashi don kula da anemia, colds, matsalolin fata, kazalika da cuta na rayuwa. Babban jiko na calendula yana taimakawa kawar da cututtuka na hanji, zazzabi da urinary fili. Wannan wakilin duniyar shuka yana da guba, don haka kar a yi amfani da shi a cikin kanka. Matsaloli na farji, amai, konawa, lalacewar mucous membranes da fata.
Labarin bayyanar
Bugawa ta farko game da shuka ya koma zuwa 1753, lokacin da ya fadi a filin kallo na Karl Linnaeus. Koyaya, akwai ma ambaci a cikin tsoffin rubutattun bayanan asalin Rome da Girkawa, inda ake kiranta "dogaye-daɗe". Hakanan ana cewa anyi amfani dashi don magance cututtukan ido.
Shuka ta sami suna na zamani a lokacin Kievan Rus. Ya girma a cikin marshy yankunan (kaluga - fadama), Saboda haka sunan - kaluzhnitsa.
Yawancin nau'ikan
Siffofin kulawa da marshmallow a gida
Watse
A inji yana bukatar yau da kullum da yalwatacce watering. Dole ne ko da yaushe tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ta kasance m.
Mahimmanci! Guji kwararar ruwa!
Fesa
Marsh Kaluga tana matukar son ruwa, don haka aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako kuna buƙatar fesa shi daga kwalban da ake feshin su.
Haushi
Wannan abune mai mahimmanci ga ci gaban nasara. Ya kamata ya sami matsakaicin darajar. Idan gumi ya faɗi koda kaɗan, sakamako na kayan ado na iya lalacewa.
Kasar
A yadda aka saba, da shuka zai ji loamy, tare da mai kyau porosity da babban abun ciki na na gina jiki. Yankunan da ke da tsabta da wurare tare da inuwa mai kyau sun dace da kalugnitsa.
Saukowa
Manyan miya
Don kyakkyawar haɓaka da haɓakar marrow, zai isa ya ciyar da ita takaddun takaddun ma'adinai sau 2-3 a kowace kakar. Sau ɗaya a cikin yearsan shekaru, yin takin ba zai hana yin hakan ba.
Siffofin kulawa na hunturu, lokacin hutawa
Ba a lura da matsaloli tare da hunturu a cikin wannan shuka ba. Kalmar ta bayyana shi da juriya da haƙurin sanyi na sanyi. Tsarin yana buƙatar kawai nau'in ɗan kudu mai dumi da kuma kaluzhnitsa terry. Don yin wannan, zai isa ya yayyafa su da peat don guje wa daskarewa.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Lokacin fure yana tsawan watanni 2 - daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu. A wannan lokacin, buds a kan dogon tsayin daka bude. Haske na abubuwan fure suna tattara haskoki na rana. Sakamakon wannan, ya zama mai dumin ciki a cikin toho kuma pollinators fara tashi zuwa gare shi. Furannin kansu sun ƙunshi filayen fuloji guda biyar da kuma sassauƙa mai sauƙi. Koyaya, bayyanar fure zai yiwu ne kawai a tsire-tsire waɗanda sun riga sun kai shekaru 8-10. Akwai furanni guda biyu da furanni biyu.
Mahimmanci! Tare da farkon lokacin furanni, kaluga yana buƙatar haɗa shi tare da wakilai tare da babban abun ma'adinai. Wannan zai inganta samuwar buds kuma ya ba su ƙayatarwa.
Bayan fure, kuna buƙatar yanke kullun bushewar inflorescences. Wannan zai tabbatar da ingantaccen girma na ganyen ganye da kuma tabbatar da kyakkyawar bayyanar su.
Sake bugun
Mafi kyawun zaɓi don girma da sabon shuka shine siyan buyanyen da aka girka daga masana'anta. Koyaya, zaka iya dafa shi da kanka. Don yin wannan, a cikin bazara, ya kamata a shuka tsaba a cikin akwati ko tukunya tare da takin ƙasa da ƙasa, sannan a ɗaure shi.
Ya ƙunshi matakai biyu:
- tsaba tsawon kwanaki 30 suna cika shekaru 10 + C;
- kwanaki 60 masu zuwa ana kiyaye su a + 20 ° C; a wannan mataki da tsaba tsiro.
Sannan ana shuka iri a cikin ƙasa bude. Shuka tsaba ba tare da seedlings shima hakan zai yiwu ba. Idan kun shuka iri da aka yanyanka a farkon bazara, to, harbe zai bayyana a ƙarshen. Abubuwan da aka saya sune mafi kyawun shuka kafin hunturu. Sannan kuma zasu sha wahala na dabi'a, kuma a lokacin bazara zaka iya ganin harbewa.
Hanyoyin yaduwar kayan lambu
Don ƙirƙirar ƙwayar tsohuwar shuka, ana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- rarraba daji;
- yanke;
- Hanyar sanya bayanai.
Rashin daji shine ɗayan mafi yawan hanyoyin haifuwa. An raba daji da aka haƙa zuwa sassa da yawa, waɗanda sannan aka dasa.
Mahimmanci! Dole ne a kula da hankali don tabbatar da cewa sassan suna dayaya koyaushe, gami da musanyawa.
Ana aiwatar da hanyar a farkon lokacin bazara kafin fure ko a bazara.
Don ƙwaya, ɗauka a saman ɓangaren tushe kuma a yanka ganyen. Bayan tushen, zaka iya shuka a cikin ƙasa.
Hanyar rufewa. Don yin wannan, zaɓi stemsan mai ƙarfi mai tushe. Mun ɗauke su zuwa ƙasa kuma mun yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai dausayi. Ana shayar da shimfiɗa ruwa a ciyar da su kamar yadda uwa take shuka. Lokaci na gaba, ana yin kananan rosettes tare da tushen akan yadudduka, waɗanda aka rarrabasu kuma aka dasa su.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Akwai kuma wata hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar haɗa launi: internode. Don yin wannan, kara kuma an karkatar da shi zuwa ƙasa, amma an gyara shi a cikin yankin internode. Na gaba, kara an rufe shi da peat ko ƙasa mai sauƙi.
Hankali! A duk hanyoyin haifuwa da dasawa, yana da kyau a lura da yanayin zafi. Tushen tsire, sassan sa, ƙasa - komai dole ne ya kasance mai laushi, in ba haka ba za'a iya samun matsaloli tare da tushen tushe da haɓaka gaba.
Juyawa
An fi yin sauyawa sosai a kaka ko farkon bazara. Ana ɗauka mafi kyau duka sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-4. Wannan tsarin tsufa zai iya haɗe tare da rarraba tushe. Wajibi ne a yanka shi da kyau kuma ya shiga manyan bangarori, in ba haka ba zai zama mai wahala ga kaluzhnu ya da tushe. A tsawon lokaci, kaluga yana girma kuma yana rasa tasirin ado, saboda haka sabuntawa ya zama dole.
Matsalar girma
Kaluzhnitsa wata itaciya ce da ke tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari, amma har yanzu akwai wasu matsaloli.
Ganyayen ganye ko ganye tare da adibas masu ma'ana alama ce ta mildew mai ƙarfi. Dalilin wannan shine lokacin zafi. Maganin zai zama maganin ganyayyaki tare da ruwa na Bordeaux (maganin maganin tagulla a cikin ruwan lemun tsami).
Matsaloli da ka iya dasa shuki
Bushewa ko ganyayyaki fadowa alama ce ta rashin danshi. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a sake nazarin jadawalin ban ruwa.
Idan an tafiyar da rarrabuwar a lokutan girma, to marigold na iya fara ganyen ganye da ganye, kuma ya bushe. Wannan matsala ce ta ɗan lokaci - kasancewar ba shi da lafiya, tsire-tsire zai murmure kuma ya ci gaba da ci gaba.
Karin kwari ba sa barazanar shuka. Abinda kawai zaka iya haɗuwa da shi shine ƙarancin furanni na marigold. Wannan saboda rashin danshi ko isasshen haske. Ya kamata ya kara yawan ruwa da canja wuri (dasawa) furen zuwa wurin da yafi rana.
Yadda ake kulawa da shuka
Marsh marigold ba wani shahararren shuka bane. Kuma a banza. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi daidai, wannan fure magani ne ga cututtuka daban-daban. Kyakkyawan furanni zasu zama cikakkiyar ado don rukunin gida ko kandami na wucin gadi. Don dasa irin wannan wakilin duniyar shuka a gidan kasarsu zai zama babu inda za a.