Aptenia kyakkyawar ƙasa ce mai cike da tarihi ta Afirka da Kudancin Amurka. Ya samu sunan shi godiya ga fuka-fuki mara nauyi. A zahiri, kalmar "apten", daga inda aka samo sunan, an fassara ta daga Girkanci. Sunan na biyu na shuka shine mesembryanthemum, wanda ke nufin "fure na tsakar rana." Wannan saboda yana buɗewa tsakar rana.
Siffofin halayyar haƙiƙan itace ƙayatarwa mai tsananin shuɗuwa wacce akan sa fure mai fure a cikin kamannin zuciya. Itace ya samar da tayin a cikin hanyar capsule tare da kyamarori.
Babban nau'in fure
A halin yanzu, ana san nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka, waɗanda suke rarrabu cikin yawancin ragi. Bugu da kari, adadi mai yawa na halittar fure tare da wasu tsirrai suka bayyana.
Aptenia a cikin tukunya
Aptenia variegate
Kyakkyawar nasara, wacce mahaifarta ita ce Afirka ta Kudu. Kamar kowane succulent, wanda ba a fassara shi zuwa ruwa, tushe yana iya zama tsawon santimita 30. Launi mai launin shuɗi ne, girman yana ƙarami. Zai fi kyau shuka a cikin inuwa m. Babban fasalin shine iyakar shinge a kusa da gefen takardar a cikin rawaya mai haske. Ganyayyaki sun danganta ko'ina cikin yankin farantin ganye.
Ajiyar zuciya
Mafi tsari. Tsawonta zai iya kaiwa zuwa santimita 25. Mafi yawan ban sha'awa wannan kallon suna kallo a cikin tukunya-tukunya: harbe sun rataye akan 50-60 santimita. Yana tono daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta. A wannan lokacin, ana rufe shuka da babban adadin kayan adon launin shuɗi, da burgundy da furanni na Lilac. Ganyen yana fentin kore, sun kai tsawon milimita 25, diamitarsu ita ce milimita 15.
Atenia ya bambanta
Wannan yayi daidai yake da succulent "appenia variegate" (variegate). Bi da bi, nau'i ne na ƙirar zuciya.
Na dabam, mutum na iya rarrabe fure mai “lanceolate aptenia”, wanda ana alaƙar shi da tsawan tsayi na kore tsawon cm 80. Ganyen suna da sikirin lanceolate. Wannan iri-iri yana kama da itacen kuɗi, kawai ƙarshen yana da duhu sosai.
Kulawa da jinya a gida
Kula da dukkan maye gurbin iri ɗaya ne, ƙazamar riba ba ita ba ce. Wajibi ne a fahimci dalla-dalla yadda za a kula da ita, la’akari da fasalulluka, zazzabi, ruwa, ƙasa da taki, gumi.
Yawancin launuka na appenes
Zazzabi da Haske
Ya kamata a sanya Aptenia a cikin daki mai haske a gida don samar da shi da kyakkyawan fure. Ya kamata walƙiya ya warwatse, haskoki kai tsaye suna cutar da shuka kuma an cika su da bayyanar cututtuka da yawa. Zai fi kyau a shuka wata shuka a kan windowsill kusa da windows wanda ke fuskantar gefen gabas. Yana da mummunar shuka shi a kan windows ta kudu, saboda a nan furanni na iya samun kunar rana a jiki. Don magance wannan matsalar, zaku iya rufe ɗan shuka daga haske tare da taimakon makafi ko labule.
Lokacin da bazara ta zo, ana bada shawara don ƙara haske a wucin gadi. Don yin wannan, ya isa a yi amfani da fitilun 50-watt.
Idan kun girma shi a gefen arewa ko a cikin inuwa, to, ana rage mahimmancin kayan ado na shuka. Bar ya zama mara lalacewa, furanni kawai bai bayyana ba.
Mahimmanci! A lokacin rani, tukunya da tukunya yana da kyau a ci gaba da baranda. An bada shawara sanya shi a cikin yanki mai iska mai kyau. Iska yana rage damar kunar rana a jiki.
An girma ci gaban Aptenia zuwa matakai biyu: girma da zaman lafiya. Kowannensu yana da tsarin zafin jiki na kansa. Yayin girma, ya zama dole don kula da zazzabi na 22 zuwa 25. Wannan shine lokacin da zai fadi a watan Oktoba-Fabrairu. Tsarin dattako mai nasara shine daga Maris zuwa Satumba. A wannan lokacin, zazzabi ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon 5 zuwa 8.
Watse
Kyakkyawan fure shine kulawa da haifuwa wanda ba shi da wahala. Musamman ma, ba a sani ba don shayarwa. A lokacin aiki, ya zama dole ruwa a shuka lokacin da saman ya bushe gaba daya. Yana da mahimmanci kada kuyi overdo, saboda a wannan yanayin shuka zai rasa bayyanar ado kuma yana iya mutuwa.
Ana gudanar da ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe da kuma ko'ina cikin ƙamshin coma a cikin tukunya.
Mahimmanci! Haramun ne a yi amfani da ruwan sanyi domin ban ruwa. Wajibi ne a zabi zazzabi na ruwa wanda zai fi yawan zafin jiki iska ta wasu ma'aurata.
Kafin amfani da ruwa daga tsarin samar da ruwa don ban ruwa, ya wajaba a cire shi daga hazo. Don yin wannan, nace a cikin wani akwati a buɗe don da yawa kwana. Idan shuka ya kasance a cikin wani yanayi mai wuya, ya isa ya shayar da shi sau 2-3 a wata.
Kasar
A karkashin yanayi na ƙasan, ƙasa mara kyau ce. Tana da yashi da duwatsu da yawa. Kusan babu wata takaddara mai narkewa, kuma an daidaita shuka da irin waɗannan yanayin. Ba za ku iya shuka shi a cikin ƙasa tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da lalata kuma, a sakamakon haka, mutuwa.
Aptenia a cikin taya
Haushi
Ana amfani da tsire-tsire don kasancewa cikin yanayin bushewa na dogon lokaci, don haka iska ba tare da danshi ba zai zama matsala ga cututtukan fata (barin gida a wannan dalilin yafi sauƙi). A wannan yanayin, zafi mai wuce haddi yana contraindicated ga wannan fure.
Mahimmanci! Karka sanya mai shuka a cikin kusancinsa zuwa kayan ɗumi. Yayi dumama sosai a can, musamman a lokacin hunturu.
Hakanan ba lallai ba ne don fesa ruwa da ruwa don sanya dattin. Idan kana buƙatar cire ƙura daga ganyayyaki, zai fi kyau a yi wannan tare da bushe bushe.
Bayyanar bugun kirji
Idan iska ta bushe sosai, wannan ma yana cutar da halayen ado. Alamar cewa shuka yayi overheled ko overdried shine bayyanar yellowness a cikin ganyayyaki. Idan an samo irin waɗannan alamun, ya kamata a matsar da fure zuwa wuri mai sanyi. Koyaya, baya iya danshi.
Manyan miya
Idan akwai mai yawa a cikin ƙasa, tsirrai na iya mutuwa. Sabili da haka, baza ku iya amfani da takin nitrogen don ciyar da shuka ba. Zai fi kyau a ɗauki gaurayawan musamman da aka tsara don maye. Ana iya siyan su a shagunan fure. A cikinsu, abubuwan gina jiki suna cikin wannan adadin wanda bazai cutar da shuka ba.
Aptenia tare da furanni ja
A lokacin aiki girma, ya zama dole don ciyar da wadatar abinci a kalla sau daya a wata, yana da kyau - mafi sau da yawa. Lokacin da furanni yake hutawa, ba a buƙatar ciyar da shi.
Yadda akejin kiba
Kusan kowace shuka tana yaduwa ta hanyoyi biyu: ta hanyar grafting da amfani da tsaba. Na farko kuma ana kiranta ciyayi. Yana da sauri da sauri kuma yana tabbatar da sakamakon.
Bugu da kari, hanyar ciyayi tana baka damar yin shuka iri daya kamar yadda mahaifa. Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, zuriya na iya samun nau'ikan halittu daban-daban kuma ba su gaji halaye da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don halayen ado na aptenia. Musamman, wannan hanya ba da shawarar don yaduwar hybrids.
Tsaba
Wannan hanya mai rikitarwa saboda gaskiyar cewa tsaba suna da ƙananan germination mai wuce yarda. Saboda haka, dole ne a sa su a farfajiya na ƙasa. Za'a iya amfani da cakuda tushe don yanke tushen itace, ko da yake idan babu, ya isa ya sami yashi kawai.
Ana adana tsaba a zazzabi na 21-25 digiri a cikin wani wuri mai ingantaccen haske. Kafin yada tsaba, ana amfani da daskararren sinadaran, bayan wannan hanya an rufe shi da gilashin ko fim. Da zaran farkon tsiron ya bayyana, an cire rufin kariya.
Kula! Wajibi ne don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mafi dacewa lokacin da ya kai 50 mm a tsayi. A wannan gaba, wajibi ne don kula da yawan zafin jiki a matakin digiri na 16-18. Lokacin da tsiron ya yi ƙarfi, za ku iya ƙara waɗannan dabi'u.
Amma game da shayarwa, ana buƙatar aiwatar da shi sau da yawa, amma kaɗan.
Yankan
Da farko kana buƙatar zaɓar sandar. Za'a iya yin wannan lokacin ƙirƙirar cropping ko daban. An hana shi sanya shi kai tsaye cikin ruwa domin ɗauka tushe. Haka kuma, kafin dasa shuki dole ne a bushe shi tsawon awanni 12, yayin da gujewa hasken rana kai tsaye.
Amfani da kayan itace ya ƙunshi 1 yanki na ƙasa don nasara da sassan 2 na yashi. An zuba shi cikin kananun tukwane kuma ya jika, a sanya ɗan itace a ciki a jira har sai sun sami tushe. Don kula da danshi na ƙasa, ya zama dole a fesa shi da bindiga da aka fesa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Kuna iya dasa shuki a cikin tukunya cike lokacin da ganyen farko da harbe suka bayyana akan sa.
Sabili da haka, aptenia shine tsire-tsire mai unpreentious a cikin kulawa, wanda ba a neman ruwa, danshi Ko da girma, akwai nuances.
