Perennial chrysanthemums - dasa da kuma kulawa a cikin ƙasa bude

Mutane suna yin furanni a cikin lambuna da kuma bouquets. A cikin kaka, lokacin ya isa ɗayan waɗannan tsirrai - waɗannan sune abubuwan ban mamaki. Don sa su farin ciki tare da fure, kuna buƙatar kulawa da su yadda ya kamata.

Yawancin lambu yan farawa suna fara fahimtar wannan fure tare da rikicewa: shin tsiron tsararraki ne ko shekara-shekara? A halin yanzu, amsar mai sauki ce - sun wanzu iri ɗaya kuma irin waɗannan. Da ke ƙasa zamuyi magana game da fure mai fure wanda zai iya rayuwa shekaru.

Chrysanthemums

Jafananci Japan tare da Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum shine tsire-tsire mai herbaceous daga dangin Asteraceae (wani suna Astrovidae). A cikin Latin ana kiransa Chrysanthemum. Wasu lokuta mutane kan kira ta da zinari, ko rana, fure. Wannan saboda yawancin nau'ikan (wanda adadinsu shine 29) suna da launuka masu launin rawaya ko ruwan lemo na inflorescences.

A cikin tsire-tsire irin su chrysanthemums, dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin ƙasa ba sa buƙatar wata hanya ta musamman. Wannan flora ne quite unpretentious, yayin da kyau. Shrubs sami damar tsira a cikin Rasha hunturu, sun kuma Bloom marigayi da tsawo.

Lambun Chrysanthemum ya kasu kashi biyu dangane da siffar furanni:

• ,Aya, ko jere biyu. Ganyen dabbobin da suke bi a biyun suna da layuka biyu ko bi. Misali, kamar nau'ikan Tricolor.
• Rabin Terry. Akwai uku uku yadudduka.
• Terry. Akwai maguna da yawa, duk sun bambanta a tsari, samar da wata lush inflorescence.
• Anemic. Furanni na wannan Chrysanthemum sunyi kama da anemones.
• Kwayoyin cuta. Yawancin kananan petals suna samar da pompom. Ana kiran su sau da yawa na fata.

Chrysanthemums a cikin lambu Bloom marigayi - a watan Agusta, flowering ci gaba a cikin fall. Wannan flora yana iya yin tsayayya da sanyi na -10 digiri Celsius.

Yadda ake dasa bishiyar fure, ba kowa bane ya sani. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin hanyar:

1. Zabi ranar da ta dace ko lokacin. Kada ya kasance rana mai aiki.
2. A cikin wurin da ya dace, rami kusan 40 cm zurfi.
3. Ana shayar da kasan ramin, sannan an zuba magudanar ruwa a ciki, an haɗa ƙasa da takin (a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 20).
4. An saka Chrysanthemum a cikin rami, Tushen an haƙa shi sama. Kada ku zurfafa zurfin fure.

Dasa bishiyoyi a sararin sama

Abu mafi wahalar dasa shuki wannan shuki shine bin duk bukatun da yake dashi.

Lokacin dasa shuki chrysanthemums a cikin ƙasa buɗe da kuma kula da su, ya kamata a yi la’akari da masu zuwa:

• Suna son rana. Ba sa son ƙaramin ɗan ƙara.
• Ana buƙatar daidaita danshi. Wadannan furanni ba sa son lokacin da ruwa ke tsayawa (saboda haka ana shuka su ne a kan karamin tudu). Amma shaye shaye fiye da ƙasa zai kashe fure.
• Tabbatar zaɓi ƙasa mai kyau. Ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, danshi permeable, hadi.

• Chrysanthemums suna buƙatar malalewa. Sand ya fi dacewa da shi.

Bayan dasa chrysanthemums a cikin bazara, kawai makonni biyu na farko suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Nan gaba, kokarin habaka su zai yi karanci.

Me za a yi:

• A karo na farko (daga kwana biyu zuwa biyar bayan magudi), yakamata a sanya duhu cikin duhu. Furen yana ƙaunar rana, amma yana buƙatar lokaci don daidaitawa zuwa sabon wuri.
• Dole ne a tallafa wa daɗaɗɗen tsayi daidai lokacin daidaitawa.
• Nan da nan bayan dasa, na farko tsunkule ne da za'ayi - cire na sama girma nodule a kan shuka. 3-5 kwanaki bayan na biyu tsunkule ne da za'ayi. A wannan karon, an cire sashin da ke cikin tushe tare da ƙarar 2-3.

Spherical Chrysanthemum Multiflora

Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, ana shawarar dasa perennial chrysanthemum don dasawa. Abinda shine cewa koda mafi yawancin takin ƙasa yana tsautsayi akan lokaci. Mafi kyawun ma'aunin ma'adinai da abubuwa na abubuwa a cikin tsarin ƙasa yana da matukar muhimmanci ga wannan fure. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna yin wannan maginin duk shekara a watan Mayu - babu sauran sanyi na dare, amma lokaci bai yi ba don rana bazara mai aiki. Dasawa ne da za'ayi kamar haka:

1. Ana zaɓar sabon wuri.
2. Farin fure akan tsohuwar flowerbed an shayar dashi sosai - don haka akwai ƙarancin damar lalata Tushen.
3. Bayan hakar, ya kamata a raba bushes na igiyar ciki saboda kowane bangare da aka raba yana da nasa tushe.
4. Rarrabe harbe kowane shuka a cikin ramin, shayar da kyau. Nisa tsakanin seedlingsan seedlings ba ya kai rabin mita.
5. Bayan kwanaki biyar, ana ba da shawarar furanni da ke dasa shuki da ingantattun hanyoyin.

Lambu novice wani lokacin sukan tambayi kansu: Shin kuna buƙatar tono haɓakar Chrysanthemums don hunturu. Babu amsa guda ɗaya, kamar kowane nau'i yana da nasa buƙatu. Wasu daga cikinsu suna iya yin hunturu a kan titi, wasu suna buƙatar dasa shi cikin tukunya kuma a kai su wuraren shakatawa na hunturu. A kowane hali, ƙwayar itacen yana buƙatar wasu wuraren kulawa, ba tare da la'akari da inda zai ciyar da hunturu:

• Mai jan tsami. Wajibi ne a ba shi don yin fure da yanka mai tushe, ya bar kawai 10 cm.

Chrysanthemum pruning

• Manyan miya. Dawo da farkon kaka, ana bada shawara don fara shiri da canzawa zuwa takin phosphorus-potassium. Zasu taimaka wa furanni tsira da sanyi.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, Chrysanthemum na Koriya (ko Sinawa) itace titin gargajiya wanda shine mafi yawan lokuta ana samunsa a Rasha, sanyi ne-hunturu. Wannan yana nufin cewa baya buƙatar dasa shi. Sauran nau'in (alal misali, Chrysanthemum Mix - perennial kaka na cikin gida) na iya buƙatar wannan.

Wadancan nau'ikan furanni na rana waɗanda suka kasance kan titi don hunturu, kuna buƙatar ba kawai datsa ba, har ma don rufewa. Wannan kuma yakamata ayi daidai:

• Bai kamata a yarda samuwar dimples a daji ba. In ba haka ba, ruwa zai yi tururi a wurin.
• Idan masu ruwan bazara basu da sanyi sosai, to yanada tsari ba lallai bane. Kawai rufe da ɗanɗana daji tare da peat da ganye bushe. Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta farko ta bayyana, jefa shi saman.
• Idan hunturu yana da zafi, to, ya kamata ku kula don ƙirƙirar mafaka mafi tsanani.

Bai kamata kunsa daran da aka datse ba daga farkon ramin sanyi. Ruhun sanyi zai amfane shi ne kawai ta hanyar iska mai zafi. An bada shawara don rufe shuka tare da kayan musamman: lutrasil ko spandbond. Idan babu, to, talakawa lokacin farin ciki fim ɗin polyethylene ya dace. Tabbatar ka matse shi a gefuna tare da duwatsu don kauda yiwuwar iska ya busa.

Lokacin sanyi na hunturu

A ƙarƙashin tsari, kada ku taɓa amfani da shavings ko peat - don haka suna samun rigar, zasu ci gaba da danshi. Ruwa mai narkewa zai haifar da mutuwar flora.

Farkon tsirar fure Chrysanthemum yana farawa da zafi na farko. Koda daskararren hunturu na bazara ba zai iya hana hakan ba.

Rashin ciyawa na daji na daji a karkashin tsari shine ya fi yin rauni a wannan girmamawa - yana iya gurgunta (idan ba a la'akari da samun iska lokacin ƙirƙirar tsari). Ko sanyi mai sanyi zai lalata sabon harbe, sannan zasu yi fure da kyau. Flora hunturu a cikin gidan basu da irin wannan matsalar.

Don haka, an dasa bishiyar chrysanthemum a cikin tukunya kuma an sake yin sanyi cikin gida. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za mu motsa shi zuwa ga bude ƙasa. Kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake shuka Chrysanthemum wanda ya tsira daga hunturu a cikin gidan a gonar:

• Kafin dasawa, tabbatar da sanya furanni a cikin tukwane a waje na sati daya da rabi akan matsakaici. Don haka za a yi fushi, za su yi haƙuri da juriya a kan dukkan magudi.
• Kuna iya dasawa zuwa tsohon wuri, bayan takin ƙasa a wurin tare da ash. A cikin hunturu, ƙasa ta sami lokacin hutawa.
• Makonni biyu bayan dasawa, da bushes za a iya hadu.

Dankin Tumbin Chrysanthemum

Zaka iya siyan girki da aka shirya, girki mai kyau. Amma furanni masu girman kai ana yaba su sosai. Kuna iya haifan su ta ɗayan hanyoyi da yawa.

Yankan

Yanke kayan kwalliya shine ɗayan manyan shahararrun hanyoyin inganta su, saboda ya dace da jan furanni koda daga bouquet.

An sanya ƙaramin sanda a cikin ruwa. Zai ɗauki asalinsu na fari. Lokacin da suka bayyana, kuna buƙatar dasa kwayar cutar a cikin wani. Yakamata ya ƙunshi peat da yashi daidai gwargwado. Akwatin tare da substrate ya kamata a rufe shi da gilashi ko polyethylene, ƙirƙirar greenhouse.

Ba kamar sauran tsire-tsire ba, Chrysanthemum baya buƙatar zafi. Ana iya yanke shi da zazzabi wanda bai wuce 15 digiri Celsius ba. Lokacin da shuka yake da ƙarfi, ana iya dasa shi cikin tukunya daban, sannan a buɗe ƙasa.

Noma

Wata tambaya ta gama gari ita ce yadda ake shuka chrysanthemum daga tsaba. Kuma, babu wani abu mai rikitarwa - ana shuka su kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe a watan Mayu. Lokacin da tsiron ya kai santimita 10 a tsayi, an haɗa su a karon farko. Idan ba a aiwatar da wannan hanyar ba, zaku iya manta game da kyakkyawan siffar daji. Tsaya don fitar da tsayi mai tushe, a cikin kaka, Chrysanthemum zai yi fure a karon farko.

Kuna iya siyan tsaba na fure mai zinare a cikin shagon. Zaka iya tara shi da kanka, lura da yanayin masu zuwa:

Chrysanthemum tsaba

• Kare inflorescences daga samun rigar.
• Idan an dauki shuka zuwa hunturu a cikin gidan, to, kafin tattara tsaba ya kamata a kiyaye shi a kan windowsill, inda akwai rana sosai.
• An shirya zuriyar da za a girbe da zaran inflorescences fara duhu. Idan an rasa lokaci kaɗan, to, za su fara murƙushewa.

Nan da nan shuka sabo tsaba bazai zama ba, in ba haka ba kawai 10% ne zasu fara fitowa. Bayan farfadowa tsawon watanni, wannan adadin yana ƙaruwa.

Chrysanthemum Seedlings

Sake bugun wannan fure shima zai iya yiwuwa da taimakon seedlingsan itace. An girma ko dai daga tsaba a gida, ko a sayo cikin shagon musamman. Wannan hanyar ya dace da dasa shuki.

Shuka dasa

Ana ba da shawarar wannan hanyar a matsakaici sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu. Ba wai kawai don yaɗa fure ba, har ma don sake inganta daji. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa: an dasa tsiron sama, harbe da yawa tare da Tushen an rabu da su daga daji mahaifiyar tare da taimakon masu tsaro. Duk sassan da aka keɓe an keɓe su daban.

Wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da aka ba da shawarar don dasa shuki na sababbin sababbin aladu.

Kamar kowane abu mai rai a wannan duniyar, furanni na iya cutar da su. Chrysanthemum ba togiya, duk da cewa yana da matukar ƙarfi rigakafi. Cututtukan da ke barazana ga wannan fure:

• Naman gwari. Ya bayyana daga rashin iska mara kyau, m ruwa, babban acidity na kasar gona da wuce haddi nitrogen a cikin taki.
• Septoria Ganyen Chrysanthemum ya zama tabo, sannan ya bushe gaba daya. An kula da tsiron kamar haka: an cire ganye mai lalacewa, ana kula da rayayyun fatar.

Septoria na kayan kwalliyar ganye

• Tsatsa Da ita, ganyayyaki kuma sun lalace, kawai a yanzu sun zama baƙi. Zai iya bayyana kamar mayukan lemu masu zaki. Ya kamata a cire ganye mai laushi, tsire-tsire na bakin ciki, danshi kada ya kasance akan ganyayyaki. Aiwatar da fungicide kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Ba wai kawai cututtuka ko cututtukan fata ba ne ke haifar da gaskiyar cewa Chrysanthemum ba ta yi fure ba. Idan saboda wasu dalilai har yanzu babu launuka, dalilin na iya zama kamar haka:

• Haske mara kyau;
• Rashin isasshen taki ko wuce gona da iri;
• Babu juyawa;
• Amintaccen cikakken dormant.

Chrysanthemum ya shahara ko'ina: a dachas a kewayen, kuma a Siberiya tare da Urals. Wannan fure ba mai fara'a bane, amma yana buƙatar wani ɗan kulawa. Tare da kulawa, saboda wannan zazzabin lalle tabbas zai faranta masu shi da kyawawan fure mai ban sha'awa, zai kasance mai ƙarfi da koshin lafiya.