Poinsettia, ko euphorbia - tsire-tsire mai cike da kullun da ya bayyana a cikin gandun daji na Amurka da Mexico. A cikin yanayin halitta ya kai mita 4, a gida, tsayin daka bai wuce santimita 50 ba. M poinsettia An yi shi ne da ganyayyaki da ke kusa da furanni marasa rubutu.
Babban nau'in poinsettia
Inflorescences na shuka shine karamin kanti. Zai yi wuya a lura saboda kyawawan ganye da ke girma. Ana kiransu bracts. Launin su na iya bambanta: ja, peach, lemun tsami har ma da tabo. Leavesarshen ganyen poinsettia launin kore ne mai duhu; bracts sun fi nuna ban sha'awa sosai akan asalinsu. A kallon farko, da alama waɗannan furannin suna fure a saman tsire.
Harshen Poinsettia
Poinsettia ja
Poinsettia ja fure lokacin bukukuwan Sabuwar shekara. Saboda haka, ana kiranta tauraro Kirsimeti. Wannan lokacin furanni abu ne mai saurin faruwa tsakanin tsirrai, saboda a cikin hunturu mafi guntu hasken rana. Ganyayyaki masu tarin yawa suna samar da kambi mai kalar wuta. Idan shuka ya ƙi yin ja, yana nufin cewa yanayin da aka kirkira bai gamsu da shi ba. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan shine rashin hutawa, lokacin da ake buƙatar rage zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin. Kwakwalwa masu kama da taurari suna haifar da ma'anar bikin, farin ciki.
Poinsettia Sabuwar Shekara ko ja ya zama ruwan dare a cikin duniyar furanni. Wannan ita ce kawai shuka irin nata a cikin daji. Sannan nau'ikan da aka kirkira bisa asalin mafificin launin shuɗi, wanda aka samo a farkon karni na XIX.
Ganyen ɗayan fari na poinsettias na asali da aka yi kama da kamannin yayi kama da kambi na itacen oak kuma an bambanta shi da launin shuɗi-orange. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna ci gaba da zama sananne. Misali, poinsettia Da Vinci, ban da ganyen da aka yanke, ana saninsa da inuwa mai launin shuɗi da bakin ruwa, yana girgiza launi mai laushi.
Kawan Kayan Kayan
Tsire-tsire suna bambanta cikin ganye tare da gefuna da aka tayar. Inflorescences kansu suna da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi, kambi a kusa da su shine jan bakin duhu ko wuta. Ya zuwa yanzu, shayarwa sun sha nau'in biyu kawai na irin waɗannan poinsettias.
Yankin Kauyen Poinsetia
Sauran nau'in
Akwai poinsettias tare da ganye mai wuta. Furen yayi kama da fure mai fure ko fure. Idan classic ja poinsettia ganye ne ko da, madaidaiciya, nuna a karshen, to, a nan sun lankwasa da kuma kadan wrinkled. Gwanin da alama an yi shi ne da masana'anta. Kwallan Terry zai iya samun inuwa da yawa. Akwai poinsettias na kiwo, mulufi da ruwan hoda. Wasu suna haɗa launuka da yawa a cikin abubuwan fure. Ba da daɗewa ba kamar shuka tare da m braids tare da ratsi kore a gefuna.
Shuke-shuke tare da ganye variegated sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da iyaka a gefuna daban-daban banda babban inuwa. Wasu kuma ana bambanta su da wasu kalamai masu haske da aka watse ko'ina cikin furen. Misali, idan aka kalli nau'ikan agogo na Jingle, da alama dai an rufe ganyen ja da filayen dusar ƙanƙara, suna watse cikin rikici a farfajiya. Brass na wasu wakilai, akasin haka, ana rarrabe su da fure mai haske da aka rufe da ɗigon ɗigon ruwan wuta.
Kulawar Gida
Poinsettia, kulawar wanda ba ta yi nauyi ba, tana buƙatar kulawa. Idan kun bi ka'idodi masu sauki, furen zai girma kuma yana farantawa wasu rai tare da kyan gani. Yana da hankali da kulawa wanda zai taimaka jan jan madara domin hutun Kirsimeti.
Poinsettia don Kirsimeti
Watse
Ana buƙatar ruwa mai yawa don shuka a lokacin fure da bazara. Sosai a cikin tukunya kawai ya kamata ya bushe.
Mahimmanci! Yi amfani da ruwan dumi. Lokacin zuba ruwa mai sanyi, yana yiwuwa ya mamaye tushen tsiron, wanda zai haifar da rashin lafiya. Wuce ruwa daga cikin kwanon da ke ƙarƙashin tukunya yana buƙatar cire kayan don hana jujjuya tushen tsarin.
A cikin hunturu, kasar gona yana moistened sosai m akai-akai. Yawan ban ruwa ya ragu.
Poinsettia fure a cikin gidan yadda ake kulawa don samar da ƙara zafi:
- Fesa. Kuna iya yin wannan a wasu nesa daga fure don hana samuwar mummuna aibobi akan takardar. Idan kuka fesa ganyen fure kai tsaye, to sai a yi amfani da ruwa mai ɗumi, amma don sha;
- Yi amfani da humidifiers;
- Saka a kan windowsill kusa da poinsettia tukunya da yumbu da aka faɗaɗa ko kawai kwalin ruwa.
Manyan miya
Lokacin da poinsettia blooms, kulawar gida ya ƙunshi amfani da takin mai magani wanda ke kunshe da potassium. Takin kasar gona yawanci daga farkon spring zuwa marigayi fall. A lokacin rani, an ba shi damar amfani da mullein diluted a cikin ruwa. Magani mai rauni zai maye gurbin hadadden takin ma'adinai. Wajibi ne a shafa miya a ƙasa sau biyu a wata.
Zazzabi
Red poinsettia yadda za a magance a gida, wanda ya sa shuka ji dadi:
- Createirƙira matsakaita mai tsayi daga 18 zuwa 24. Kasancewa cikin ɗaki mai tsananin zafi ko sanyi yana haifar da cutar da fure da yiwuwar mutuwa. Ana buƙatar wannan tsarin zafin jiki yayin haɓaka mai aiki;
- Lokacin fure, samar da yanayi mai sanyaya. Zazzabi a lokaci guda yana buƙatar kimanin digiri 16;
- Yayin hutawa, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio yakamata ya saki wasu barsan sandunan. Yana farawa bayan shuka ta lalace;
- Kare daga canje-canje mai kaifi a zazzabi, maɗaura. Dole ne a tuna cewa ko da kasancewa kusa da taga mai sanyi, idan ganyayyaki suka taɓa shi, na iya zama lalacewar shuka.
Matakan kulawa mataki-mataki-mataki kan dukkan nau'ikan tsire-tsire, amma poinsettia ja ya fi yawa tsakanin yan lambu.
Haske
Poinsettia fure kamar hasken rana ya bazu. Dole ne a kiyaye shuka daga bayyanar kai tsaye zuwa haskoki mai haske. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin fure, kuna buƙatar amfani da ƙarin hasken wuta. Gaskiya ne don maraice.
Poinsettia a kan windowsill
Dasawa da pruning
Ana bada shawarar juyawa a kowace shekara. Mafi dacewa da lokacin wannan shine Afrilu-Mayu, lokacin bayan shuka yana cikin hutawa. Lokacin da ƙananan ganye suka bayyana akan poinsettia, kuna buƙatar fara aiwatar.
Don dasa, ana amfani da ƙasa mai ƙarancin acidity. Don dafa shi, kuna buƙatar:
- yumbu da ƙasa tur - 3 sassa;
- ƙasar sheet - 2 sassa;
- yashi - sassa 2;
- peat - 1 sashi.
Na farko, gurbata kasar gona. Don yin wannan, shayar da wani bayani na potassium permanganate da ruwan zafi. Tukunya a lokacin da yake dasawa ya kamata ya zama mafi girma fiye da santimita 2-3 wanda ya gabata. Don yin shuka da sauki fita, ranar kafin hanya kana bukatar ka shayar da shi da yawa. Cika sabon tukunya da magudanar 3 cm. Cire fitar da poinsettia yayin kiyaye curi na ƙasa. Cire raunin da ya mutu da tushen sa. Sanya shuka a cikin sabon tukunya kuma ku rufe shi da ƙasa mai daɗi. Watering ba lallai ba ne nan da nan, kamar yadda dole ne a sanyaya ƙasa.
Yanke shuka bayan fure, barin mai tushe kusan santimita 10. Hakanan suna aiwatar da hanya bayan hutawa, lokacin da sabbin harbe suka bayyana. Domin sojojin su maida hankali kan ci gaban su, ana cire tsoffin, wanda yakai kusan 5-6 mai tushe ya rage. Yanke harbe ya zama dole don yaduwar shuka.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Poinsettia Tauraruwar Kirsimeti da sauran nau'in shuka a saukake a gida. Wajibi ne don shiri don tsari don kada cutar da fure.
Tsaba
Ana kafa tsaba a cikin tsire-tsire a cikin yanayin halitta bayan fure. A gida, kusan basu yiwuwa su samu. Haka kuma, kayan da aka samu yayin aikin shayarwa sun yi asara. Sabili da haka, euphorbia yana yaduwa a gida ta sare.
Yankan
Yankan ana yin su ne a farkon bazara. Wani sashe a kan shuka ana aikata shi a ƙarƙashin saƙa. A lokaci guda, harbi ya kai tsawon santimita 8-10. Babban abu shine cewa akwai kodan da yawa sun ragu a kansa.
Kula! Kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole ruwan milk yana kwarara daga tushe. Don yin wannan, an sanya shi tsawon mintuna a gilashin ruwan dumi. Ruwan madara mai guba ne, dole ne a cire shi daga hulɗa da idanu da bakin.
Yankan
To, ya kamata harbe ya bushe a zazzabi a daki, bayan wannan a shirye yake don dasawa a cikin ƙasa. Don shirye-shiryensa na amfani da peat da yashi, ɗauka daidai gwargwado.
An kula da abin rikewa tare da maganin da ke ƙarfafa ci gaban tushe, dasa a cikin cakuda cakuda. A cikin zurfin ana sanya fiye da santimita daya. In ba haka ba, tsere na iya lalacewa. An sanya akwati a cikin wuri mai haske da ɗumi, yayin da yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama kimanin digiri 25. Yanke bukatar a fesa, a iska. Plantan shuka, kamar manya, yana son ingantaccen iska. Babban abu shine a kawar da zane-zane. Hakanan, an rufe seedlings tare da fim, wannan yana inganta tushen. Yawancin lokaci kan aiwatar tsawon makonni 3-4. Bayan kafawar tushe, ana sanya tsunkule saboda rassan poinsettia. Hakanan zai taimaka samar da kambi mai kyan gani.
Shuka cututtuka
Poinsettia na iya rasa roƙonsa tare da kulawa mara kyau, rashin ingantaccen yanayi. Itace ta shafa da fungi da kwari.
Bar juya launin rawaya
Domin ido don farantawa poinsettia, kulawar gida ya kamata ya haɗa da ƙirƙirar zafi. In ba haka ba, inji zai yi rashin lafiya, ganyayyaki za su juya launin toka, za su yi toka a cikin bututu. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar bincika danshi na ƙasa kuma ku kula da yanayin cikin ɗakin. A kasar gona kada taba bushe gaba daya.
Kula! A lokacin dumama, kuna buƙatar fesa shuka don hana rawaya ganye. Babban abu shine ruwa ba ya fada akan inflorescences.
Wuce kima a cikin ruwa ma yana kawo hadari ga poinsettia. Tushen zai iya jujjuyawa tare da danshi mai yawa, sabili da haka, an bada shawarar zuba magudanar ruwa a cikin tukunyar kuma cire ruwa daga kwanon.
Bar ganye ya faɗi
Ganyen Poinsettia sun fadi sakamakon bayyanar sanyi. Dankin yana kula da yanayin zafi, don haka ko da mintuna kaɗan a cikin sanyi na iya cutar da shi. Sakamakon haka, ganyen ya karaya ya fadi. Euphorbia sau da yawa yakan mutu kusan nan da nan bayan sayan. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin rashin jituwa lokacin da shuka ke daskarewa lokacin da aka kawo gida. Zai fi kyau kar a sami poinsettia a cikin kwanakin sanyi da iska. Ko da an shirya sosai, zai iya daskare har yanzu. Iska na iska, sanyi ko dumi, shima zai iya zama cutarwa, wanda hakan zai haifar da faɗuwar ganye. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci don kare euphorbia daga zayyana da hypothermia.
Bar ganye ya faɗi
Rashin haske yana haifar da ganye daga ƙasan shuka. Sabili da haka, a cikin hunturu, lokacin da rana ba ta isa ba, kuna buƙatar tsara wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi.
Sauran matsaloli
Poinsettia wani lokaci ana fama da kwari wanda ke haifar da rashin jin daɗi kuma yana barazana ga lafiyarta. Yankunan da aka fi yawan cin karo dasu sune:
- Thrips. Suna ciyarwa a kan ruwan itace na shuka, suna kwance mazaunan larvae a bayan ganye. Za a iya ganin ɗigon ɗigon baki, daga baya ya fara bushewa;
- Spider mite. Alamar farkon bayyanar kwaro ita ce gidan yanar gizo na bakin ciki tsakanin ganyen shuka;
- Mealybug. Sun sami kansu lumfashin ulu auduga suna rufe ganyayyaki da mai tushe na shuka.
Yin gwagwarmaya da su mai sauki ne. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da maganin sabulu don shafa ganyen. Bayan wannan, dole ne a rinsed shuka a ƙarƙashin ruwan wanka. Yana da mahimmanci kada rigar kasar gona da asalinsu. Don yin wannan, rufe tukunya tare da fim ɗin da ba ta barin ruwa ta wuce ta.
Idan ganyayyaki sun zama baƙi suka fara faɗuwa, wataƙila shine sanadin lalacewa mai narkewa. Bugu da kari, furen na iya buga farin rufi, wata cuta ta fungal. Magunguna na musamman suna taimakawa wajen yaƙar su. Nagari shuka don cutar dashi.
Hanyar farfadowa
Girma poinsettia ba wuya. Irƙirar yanayi mai gamsarwa zai taimaka wajen kawar da matsaloli, kuma tsirrai za su faranta ido da ganyayyaki waɗanda ba a sani ba.
Kula! Furen yana maida martani ga iska mai ƙazanta, kamar hayaƙin taba, daga hayaƙin dafa abinci. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar adana shuka a cikin daki inda kullun damar samun iska mai kyau. Yana da mahimmanci don guje wa zayyana.
Yana da Dole a saka idanu a hankali game da shayarwa. Idan ganyen ya toshe ƙasa kuma bushe, bushe furen. Sannan kyakkyawar fata zata dawo dashi. Leavesan ƙananan ganye na iya faɗi. Spraying moisturizes da shuka da kuma kawar da bayyanar da gizo-gizo mite.
Dole ne a cire duk ganye da ya shafa don kada fure ta ɓaci ƙarfi a kansu, amma yana ba su sababbin harbe. Juyawar lokaci da kuma yin shuki zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da yanayin fure.
Kare poinsettia
Poinsettia Furen Kirsimeti ya shahara tsakanin yan lambu. Wannan kyautar Kirsimeti ce mai ban sha'awa wacce zata cika gidan da launuka masu haske. Ganyayyaki marasa amfani zasu ji daɗin duk lokacin hunturu lokacin da sauran tsire-tsire ke cikin rashin himma.
