Feshi da fure shine ainihin ado na yawancin shirye-shiryen gidan. Babu iyaka daban: dwarf, peony, a cikin siffar ƙwallo ko a cikin nau'i mai tsayi daji, tsare ko creeping, purple, ruwan hoda har ma da kore - duk wannan yana game da pacifying sarauniyar lambun kaka da kuma gimbiyawar bouquets. Koyaya, don ci gaba da adon ado na al'ada, ya zama dole don zaɓar nau'ikan daidai, la'akari da sauyin yanayi da kuma wurin namo, lura da ka'idojin shuka da kulawa da furen a buɗe ko a cikin tukunya.
Asali da bayyanar
A cikin Japan, Satumba 9th ana ɗaukar rana mai suna Chrysanthemum. Tarihin tsiro ya kasance shekara dubu ɗaya da rabi. Nine a cikin al'adar gabas shine adadi mai sa'a. Chrysanthemum alama ce ta tsawon rai, saboda haka hutun ya barata.
Asalin al'adu an lullube shi ne cikin almara. Da zaran wani mummunan macijin yana son sata rana, amma yunƙurin ya gaza - ya ƙone ƙafafunsa. Hasken rana ya haskaka daga zafin fushin dabbar, yana ƙoƙarin ya ɓoye faifan wuta, ya faɗi ƙasa ya zama furannin fararen furanni.
Stellini - fesa chrysanthemum
Wurin da aka haife al'adu shine Gabas - Japan. A can ana kiran rana "kiku", kamar fure mai launi.
A waje, waɗannan kyawawan furanni ne, masu kyan gani da kyawawan furanni. Wasu nau'ikan suna da kusancin dawakai, galibi ga asters har ma da peonies. Haske a kan gajere ko tsayi mai tushe, suna narke ganye-manyan kuma sun rufe yankin tare da ƙanshin haske mai daɗi.
Furannin furanni suna ƙirƙira ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da kanka. Farkon ambatonsu ya koma 551 BC. lokacin da yake bayanin gonar sarki.
Tsarin yana faruwa:
- Aturearamin (nau'in chamomile),
- Giant
- Elongated
- An watse.
Wasu masu ilimin botanists suna yin jayayya wanda ya dace da al'adun danginsu. M furanni furanni suna dauke da Sanadin rikici. Wasu mutane sabili da haka suna danganta nau'in kristal a cikin iyalin tansy, wasu har ma suna daidaita yarrow.
A wasu nau'ikan, furanni masu sauƙi ne, '' daisies '' sau biyu, a cikin wasu - lokacin farin ciki, "allura", ƙananan ganyaye na inflorescences. Tsarin diamita daga 3 zuwa 7 cm.
Bayanin nau'ikan iri da iri
Chrysanthemums sune nau'in perennial lambu da aka wakilta da nau'ikan jinsin da yawa. Kowane ɗayansu an rarrabe shi da lokacinsa na fure, tsayi da faɗi na daji. Irin waɗannan furanni suna da sha'awar yin amfani da su a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi, saboda al'adu na furewa na dogon lokaci, suna da wadataccen inuwa mai launi da launuka masu launi. Hakanan za'a iya dasa su a baranda da filin shakatawa.
Kula da tsire-tsire mai sauki ne: kyakkyawan ruwa da tsayayye, kasancewar launin rana. Rayuwar furanni kai tsaye ya dogara da yawan rana, sabili da haka, zaɓar wuri don dasawa, bai kamata ku manta da wannan fasalin ba.
Varietieswararrun nau'ikan sun ba da gudummawa ta kwararrun Sinawa, Korean, Indiya, Dutch da kuma Jafananci. Sunaye a cikin nau'ikan galibi suna dacewa da siffar fure, launi da fasali na rayuwa.
Mahimmanci! A cikin Ural, Chrysanthemums sun fara fure na ƙarshe na duk al'adu. Abinda yake shine Urals yanki ne na yanayin rashin kwanciyar hankali da noma, wanda a ciki akwai haɗari da damuwa. Da zarar an fara fure, hunturu ta zo da sauri isa da dusar ƙanƙara. Sabili da haka, Urals sukan zaɓi nau'in hunturu-Hardy don jin daɗin kyawawan furanni a kakar mai zuwa.
Iri shrub Chrysanthemums:
- Mahara Yana nufin zuwa mai siffar zobe Chrysanthemums,
- Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'in fure na fure shine kore daji,
- Zembla (Baltic) fararen fata ce,
- Mona Lisa. Haka yake a cikin bayyanar ga nau'ikan yarinyar yarinya. Tana da ƙananan furanni, masu lush,
- Alice wani nau'i ne mai tsintsiya,
- Saba
- Bacardi
Don bayani! Hakanan an rarraba nau'ikan nau'ikan gyada-tsaka-tsaka-tsaka-tsaki zuwa cikin abubuwan da ba su da biyu, rabin-biyu, ninki biyu da kuma pompom. Irin waɗannan nau'ikan grad ana rarrabe su da siffar fure.
Bush Chrysanthemum ya yi karfi sosai, tare da yalwar mai tushe da rassa, inflorescences a cikin kwanduna. Wannan ƙari ne na wannan al'ada - ya isa ya yanke reshe ɗaya, kuma kuna samun cikakkiyar fure.
Mai karafa
Hakanan ana kiranta chrysanthemum na fure a cikin mutane ana kiransu Multiflora. Wannan nau'in an danganta wannan kwanan nan, yana kiran tsari "mai sihiri" saboda yanayin al'ada.
Wannan ɗan itacen perennial ne na tsaka-tsaki saboda tsinkayyen daji wanda ya kai aƙalla 50 cm ba tsayi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine cewa don ba da sihiri na ban mamaki, ba kwa buƙatar yanke furen. Kowane abu yana faruwa ta halitta bayan an fara fure.
Multiflora mai karafa
Dasa dasawa da kuma kula da matsayin fure mai wahala bazai zama da wahala ga masu farawa ba. Bayan dasa, kuna buƙatar tsunkule al'adun, cire hanyar ci gaba. Bayan kwanaki 20, yi tsunkule na biyu. Lokacin zabar ƙasa, kula da nau'in hatsi tare da humus da takin, cire shi kullun. Wurin dasa don zaɓar kyakkyawan lit da zai ba da gudummawa ga dogon fure na fure.
Fadar White Terry
White daji Chrysanthemum ya shahara tsakanin masu furannin fure. An bambanta shi da nau'ikan iri da yawa kuma yana tsaye cikin yanke na dogon lokaci.
Iri daban-daban farin Terry daji
Fararen iri sune:
- Spherical ("White Swan", "White baƙar fata"),,
- Mid-sized ("Kwakwa", "Sky"),
- Tall da manyan-flowered ("Chik", "Himalayas").
- Binganƙara ƙaura ("Kayan amarya", "Bonita").
Maroon
A Holland, suna yin fahariya da haɓakar gwanayen burgundy chrysanthemums, ya kasance sananne musamman a nan. An bambanta shuka da manyan inflorescences da lush foliage a kan mai ƙarfi mai tushe.
Bayan yankewa, kyakkyawa tana faranta wa mutum ido kamar mako biyu, kuma yana iya tsayawa na kusan wata daya, idan an kirkiro yanayi don wannan.
Ana amfani da Sarauniyar ceri sau da yawa a cikin bouquets don ƙirƙirar abubuwan kyan gani.
Bambancin burgundy, ceri
Mai kyakkyawan fata
Ingantaccen Chrysanthemum yana da babban inflorescences tare da farin ko shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Ana tsammanin mai kyakkyawan fata shine nau'in anemic. Tsawon daji ya kai 60-80 cm.
Mai kyakkyawan fata
Raunin daji
An bambanta launin chrysanthemum cikin dukkanin wakilan dangi kuma ana kiranta "zinari-sa ido". Ita ce da ta kasance farkon misalin halittar "Chrysanthemum."
Rawaya mai launin shuɗi
Rawaya fure mai launin shuɗi sau da yawa suna rufe wuraren rufe shimfidar wuri. Yawancin nau'ikan launin rawaya Chrysanthemum mai ban mamaki tare da launuka masu launi: daga rawaya na zinariya zuwa orange-jan ƙarfe. Al'adu blooms har zuwa ƙarshen kaka, har zuwa farkon sanyi.
Daban-daban na perennial perynial chrysanthemums
Furen furanni na fure-fure na fure-fure marasa kanana ne, kyawawan launuka da kyawu. Akwai da yawa iri. Wasu daga cikinsu, mafi mashahuri a rayuwar yau da kullun:
- Mai Tallan. Yana blooms da wuri, an rufe shi da infrorescences beetroot.
- "Snow White". Itace mai fure, fure har 5 cm a diamita, farin launi.
- Ausma. Furanni suna da launi mai ruwan-zaki.
- "Murmushi." Abubuwan ban sha'awa masu ban sha'awa na daji, fure a cikin inflorescence a cikin nau'i na tubules, launi na Lilac.
- Barbie Sunan yayi magana don kansa: "inflorescences inflorescences" bai zama mai sauƙi kamar zuciyar yar tsana mai sanyi ba. Kyakkyawan ruwan hoda mai laushi na kayan fure yana nuna laushi da kirki.
- Alezandariya Furanni a cikin hanyar daisies, amma tare da farin rawaya-m.
Bude dashi
Haɓakawa da haɓaka kyakkyawan kyawawan al'adu na dogon lokaci ya dogara ne akan zaɓin daidai na wurin da ya dace don namo da ƙasa.
Abin da kuke buƙata don saukowa
Kyakkyawan wuri da ƙasa da aka zaɓa sune manyan mataimaka kafin sauka. A kasar gona ya kamata sako-sako da m. Al'adar ba ta son ƙasa mai acidic, saboda haka wajibi ne don zaɓar ɗan acidic ko alkaline (tsaka tsaki). Loamy da yashi loamy kasa na iya zama zaɓuɓɓuka. Tare da ƙasa mai yashi, suna haƙa shi kafin shuka, ƙara humus da takin.
Mafi kyawun wuri
Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine wurin da akwai kullun hasken rana. Al'adar tana tsoron zane, amma tururuwar iska tana hana ta. Sabili da haka, wurin saukowa ya kamata ya kasance da iska mai kyau sosai.
Mafi kyawun wurare zai zama:
- Elevations
- Hillocks
- Sakin jiki.
Don bayani! Hakanan zaka iya zaɓar wani wuri inda chrysanthemums ke yin ado da hanya ko ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan abun da ke kusa da gidan.
Mataki-mataki ƙasa saukowa
Tsari:
- Shirya rami don dasawa zuwa zurfin 40 cm.
- Yi magudanar ruwa idan ya cancanta.
- Rami daji, daidaita tushen sa.
- Da kyau compused domin rhizomes su sadu da ƙasa.
- A cire kashi ɗaya bisa uku na itacen shuka.
- Ruwa mai yalwa.
- Ciyawa tare da peat ko humus.
Dasa iri
Kiwo
Perennial lambu Chrysanthemum a cikin yanayin Yankin Moscow za a iya girma:
- Tare da taimakon tsaba,
- Rarraba daji
- Yankan.
Informationarin bayani. Nau'in tsire-tsire na Perennial sau da yawa irin wannan ta hanyar rarraba daji. Don haka kawai kuna buƙatar tura jaririn daga mahaifiyar. Ana yin aikin juyawa sosai a ƙarshen sanyi a cikin bazara. Babban an girmi daji, haɓaka matasa ya rabu kuma nan da nan suka sauka a cikin ƙasar da aka shirya.
Yankan
Mafi kyawun lokaci don grafting shine kaka, bayan pruning. Yanke 5-centimita harbe. Suna kafe ko dai a cikin gilashin ruwa ko a cikin akwati da aka shirya tare da abin sakawa.
Kula! Bayan yankan harbe, an cire furanni, babu fiye da ganye biyu ko uku kasance a kan kara.
Tsarin Cherenkovka
An rufe alkama tare da polyethylene don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse. Bayan makonni 2-3, kananan Tushen yakamata su bayyana, to za a iya dasa bishiyoyin a cikin kwantena daban. Bayan saukowa, ya kamata a rufe haɓakar matasa na ɗan lokaci, alal misali, yi amfani da alfarwa don wannan.
Noma
Girma daga tsaba mai sauqi qwarai. Da farko, an shuka su don shuka (a watan Fabrairu), a lokacin da ake yin filayen ganyen guda biyu da suke nutsewa. Bayan sanyi ya ƙare, zaku iya dasa a ƙasa buɗe ko tukunya. Ta hanyar faɗuwa, ya kamata ƙananan ciyawa su girma.
Kulawa
Chrysanthemum yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa koyaushe. Yana buƙatar ciyar da shi, shayar dashi, samar da rassa (datsa idan ya cancanta), dasawa da rufe don hunturu.
Yanayin Watering
Itace tana son ruwa, amma yakamata a sami yawan danshi. A lokacin rani, lokacin da aka kafa buds, kuna buƙatar shayar da shi yau da kullun. Bayan an fara fure, ana rage ruwa.
Don bayani! Idan babu isasshen ruwa, mai tushe ya fara woody.
Manyan miya
Ciyarwar tana faruwa bisa ga ka'idodin tsari:
- A farkon bazara - nitric,
- A lokacin rani, a lokacin tsawon buds - phosphorus-potash,
- A cikin fall - phosphoric.
Ana iya sayan takin zamani a cikin shagunan musamman.
Ciyar da "Blank sheet"
Lokacin tashi
A lokacin furanni, fure yana buƙatar launi na rana don tsawon lokacin riƙe furanni. Watering ba ya zama na yau da kullun kamar lokacin kasancewawar toho.
Lokacin hutawa
Lokacin da buds sun bushe, ya kamata a cire su, kuma duk rassan bushe ya kamata a yanke. Sannan a hankali ana rage ruwa, kuma an shirya fure don hunturu. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar dukkan yanayi don al'adar don samun ƙarfi don kakar mai zuwa.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A watan Oktoba, kasar gona ya kamata a mulched tare da peat Layer of 10 cm, a ƙarshen kaka - rufe shuka tare da bushe ganye, spanbond ko spruce rassan. Wasu nau'ikan suna dasa su cikin tukwane kuma ana ɗaukarsu zuwa ɗakunan ƙasa na duk hunturu.
A cikin kaka, a cikin lambu, ban da chrysanthemums, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba za ku ƙara ganin sauran furanni masu launi ba. Kyawun bishiyar kyau, kamar, har ma ya fi rassa rassa da furanni kuma ba zaiyi hunturu ba. Ba abin mamaki ba ne ake kira kyakkyawan perennial Sarauniyar furanni.
