Flora tsawon shekaru juyin halitta yayi nasarar daidaita da rayuwar duniya. Cacti sune tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu iya rayuwa cikin matsanancin zafi da ƙarancin zafi. A lokaci guda, suna mamaki tare da nau'ikan jinsin.
Dangane da rarrabewar halittar halitta, duk cacti suna cikin dangin Cactus ne, oda Cloves. Waɗannan wakilan furanni ne na fure na kwari wanda zai iya rayuwa cikin yankuna mafi zafi da bushewa.
Cactus iri-iri
Don haka, cacti ya yi girma har a cikin jejin Atacama, inda ake yin mafi yawan zafin jiki a duniya.
Cacti succulents, watau, tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu iya adana danshi. Mafi sau da yawa basu da ganye, amma tushe yana haɓaka sosai. Shine ya aiwatarda daukar hoto da adana ruwa.
Ban sha'awa. Wasu nau'ikan cacti sune masu cin abinci, wasu kuma masu guba.
Iri Cacti na cikin gida
Wasu daga cikin waɗannan tsirrai masu tsire-tsire ana iya girma a gida. Fulatan furanni suna da matukar son su, tunda succulents ba su da ma'ana. Mafi shahararrun nau'ikan an bayyana su a ƙasa.
Peyote
An fara amfani da jerin gwanon maye tare da wakili mai ban sha'awa, kimiyyar da aka sani da Lophophora Williamsi. Garin haihuwarsa shine arewacin Mexico, Arizona. Kuma ana kiranta da Peactte cactus, ko Peyote. A cikin bayyanar, wannan abu ne wanda ba a jujjuya shi ba - karamin tsire-tsire na sihiri mai sihiri. Yana fure tare da ruwan hoda ko furen furanni. Yana iya isa pollination, saboda fruitsa fruitsan itaciyarsa (ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda da tsaba) suna bayyana duk lokacin bazara.
Cactus peyote
'Yan asalin Amurkawa sun yi amfani da wa] annan abubuwan maye gurbin don annabci da warkarwa. Duk saboda suna dauke da magani - mescaline. Mescaline cacti ya ƙunshi alkaloids sama da 50, amma shine wanda ke sama wanda ke da tasirin hallucinogenic, yayi kama sosai da aikin lsd.
Mahimmanci! Rike wani peyote a cikin gidan da yara ke zama yana da matukar ƙin rai. Ga yaro wanda ya ɗanɗana bishiyar bazata, sakamakonsa na iya zama wanda ba a iya faɗi.
Haɗa
Haɗin cactus ba takamaiman shuka bane, amma duka nau'ikan iri ne. A cikin kowane ɗayan succulents daban-daban suna ƙetare. Mashahurin hadawa sune kamar haka:
- Epostoa. An bambanta ta da "kyalli": ba spines ba, amma dogon gashi mai taushi yana ƙaruwa daga tushe mai silima.
- Echinocactus Gruzoni. Mai magana da yatsun fata, ya kai 40 cm a diamita. An rufe shi da manyan launuka masu launin shuɗi.
- Stenocactus. Wannan tsire-tsire yana da haƙarƙari mai yawa, yana goge a cikin ƙananan zigzags. Akwai 'yan setanƙan roan fari na ƙaya.
Daga cikin wannan nau'in maye gurbin, akwai wani nau'in halitta wanda ya cancanci faɗi dalla dalla.
Layin Indiya
An tsara layi na Indiya azaman haɗuwa. Waɗannan tsire-tsire ne da suka fi yawa a cikin gidaje. Suna iya kallon daban, daga gabaɗaya - maki uku kawai:
- Sizeananan girma. Wadannan succulents ba su girma babba.
Cactus Indian Online Mix
- Farin ƙaya. Zasu iya girma da yawa, zasu iya zama masu matsakaici, amma koyaushe akwai can. Wuraren bakin ciki suna da bakin ciki kuma ga tsayi, farare ko dan kadan mai launin shuɗi.
- Tsarin Spherical. Flat Indiana ba.
Sauran
Cacti na cikin gida suna da nau'ikan daban-daban. Da ke ƙasa ana bayanin ƙarancin shahara, amma har yanzu tsire-tsire masu mahimmanci:
- Echinocereus. Tana da sarƙar columnar da aka watsa tare da watsa ƙayayuwa. Itace tana da fuskoki da yawa, tana iya kaiwa santimita 20-30.
- Lu'u lu'u-lu'u. Abubuwan ban sha'awa na succulents, suna da ɗakin kwana da ƙanana. 'Ya'yan itacen, furen, ganyen ganyayyaki suna cinyewa.
Mamillaria
- Mamillaria Wadannan ƙananan cacti suna cikin sifar ƙwallon. Babban fasalin su shine “fure” rabe-raben dogo mai tsayi. A wasu nau'o'in yana juya har ma cewa suna daɗaɗa su tare da su. Ganyen ganyayyaki Mamillaria yana da ban sha'awa sosai: yana fitowa ba fure ɗaya ba, amma da yawa, duk suna cikin da'irar a saman tushe.
Cacti tare da allura
Yawancin nau'ikan murtsunguwa suna kiyaye allura. Waɗannan ganye ne da aka canza su don tsira a zafin.
Tare da allura masu launi
Spines na iya zama launuka daban-daban: fari, shuɗi, launin shuɗi. Latterarshe sune mafi yawan gama gari. Kowane launi na ɗigon launuka yana ƙaddara shi da sifofin jinsuna. Don kula da bayyanar dabbar, ya kamata ku ba shi kulawa mai dacewa.
Tare da allura mai launi
Idan a cikin kantin sayar da duk idanu suna haɓaka zuwa murtsunguwa tare da allura ja, to, a nan, babu shakka, wani mutum ya yi aiki. Dinging the tho of the succulent is a simple simple, wannan hanya ba ta cutar da shuka. An canza launin canza launin abinci a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa ko a cikin takin, wannan cakuda an ciyar dashi ko an shayar dashi tare da flora. Cactus yana ɗaukar fenti da canza launi daga ƙaya.
Kula! Kuna iya ɗanɗano launi da allura sanduna a gida. Don wannan, duk nau'in tenon sun dace.
Tare da dogon allurai
Yawancin nau'ikan murtsunti suna da allurai-matsakaici. Akwai nau'ikan da tsayin daka mai tsayi zai iya kaiwa 5 cm, wannan:
- Echinocactus;
- Carnegia
- Wasu nau'ikan mamillaria;
- Ferocactus;
Ferocactus
- Da sauran su.
Ba tare da allura
Akwai waɗannan wakilan flora kuma ba tare da allura ba, misali:
- Hatiora. Duk da gaskiyar cewa a bayyanar ta fi kama da murjani daji, har yanzu aƙidar take.
- Ripsalis. Ya yi kama da mai haɓaka, amma mai tushe yana ƙasa da ƙasa.
- Epiphyllum. Wannan gidan cacus shima baya da ƙaya, yana fure da kyau sosai. Fulawa na iya zama ruwan hoda, ruwan hoda, ruwan lemo, ja mai haske ko ma hade.
Bambancin siffofin murtsunguwa
Wadannan tsire-tsire na iya zama nau'i daban-daban: murabba'ai ko taurari (kamar astrophytums), kama da bushes da tsire-tsire masu ganye. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan nau'i biyu ne: zagaye da lebur.
Zagaye
Wannan tsari yana da yawancin succulents. Irin wannan murtsatsin zai zama zagaye, mai yiwuwa tare da matsi, saman maras kyau. Wasu nau'ikan suna da tsayi kuma suna ɗaukar siffar silima. Fuskokin waɗannan mai tushe suna da yawa - daga guda uku. Wannan ya haɗa, alal misali, peyote, mamillaria, cakuda.
Flat
Akwai gidajen cactus mai lebur. Fa'idojinsu suna kama da ganye mai tsayi, yayin da suke da laushi, mai laushi. Flat cactus shine pear mai daraja wanda aka riga aka ambata. Wannan ra'ayi ne wanda ya hada da ire-ire iri:
- Farar fata mai launin fari-fari;
Farar fata mai launin fararen fata
- Aciculate;
- Opintia lindheimer.
Launin Cactus
Ya danganta da nau'in halitta, succulents na iya zama mai launi. Mafi na kowa sune kore, launin toka da sauran launuka ana samun su.
Ruwan hoda
Domin murtsunguwa ta zama launin ruwan hoda mai cike da launi, dole ne a canza shi, da izinin ci gaban chloroplasts. Suna da alhakin duk inuwa na kore na halitta. Kauda chloroplast yana cutar da flora - in ba tare da shi ba, tsarin daukar hoto ba shi yiwuwa. Domin akwai karancin tsire-tsire. Kawo su kamar haka: an sake juyar da kwaron kwaron cuta zuwa mai lafiya.
Ban sha'awa. Mun fito da wannan hanya a Japan, saboda ana kiran cacti Jafananci.
Ja
Ganye na iya zama ja mai haske, amma a saman. Wani misali mai kyau game da wannan shine Gymnocalycium Mikhanovich, yawancin Friedrich. Shi ya kasance tare da shi cewa ƙirƙirar alamun maye launi.
Gimnokalitsium Mikhanovich
Babban sashi na jan shine sihirin da ba zai iya wanzuwa ba tare da jari - theashin ɓangaren tsire-tsire mai lafiyayyen lafiya.
Mai bakin ciki
Haske mai launin shuɗi mai haske kan siyarwa yana da wuya. Koyaya, a cikin yanayi akwai alamun nasara a cikin shuɗi ba tare da sa hannun ɗan adam ba, godiya kawai ga yanayi, alal misali, Cereus Myrtillocactus geometrizans.
Kadan shahara
A cikin shagunan zaka iya samun cacti na ciki mai ruwan hoda, orange, rawaya. Kodayake ana sayan su sau da yawa.
Ban sha'awa! A kowane hali, launuka masu haske, yanke-idanu alamun alama ce ta sa bakin mutane, ba juyin halitta ba.
Girke-girke Girke
Wadannan tsire-tsire na iya zama masu girma dabam. A dabi'a, akwai samfurori waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa mita 15, yayin da girth bai wuce mita ba.
Manyan
Mafi cactus a duniya shine giant kawarus. Shine wanda, a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu dacewa, zai iya yin girma zuwa mita 15 a tsayi. Rikodi na wannan nau'in, wanda aka yi rikodin a Arizona a cikin 1988, yana 17.86 m.
Smallarami
Karamin abin da ya kirkiro halitta shine Blossfeldia liliputana. Ssaramin Blossfeldia yana girma ne musamman a cikin tsaunuka. Girman danshi bai wuce santimita 2 ba. Noma a gida abu ne mai wuya - al’ada ce mai wuya.
Cacti tare da ganye
Yawancin lokaci, cacti ba su da ganye na al'ada, amma a wasu nau'in ana samo su.
Long cacti
Misalin wani murtsunguwa tare da ganye mai tsayi shine Pachypodium. An adana ruwa a ciki ta "ƙafa" - gangar jikin katako, ganye suna girma a sama. Sakamakon kamannin da ke fili, sunan na biyu na wannan tsiron shi ne dabino Madagascar.
Pachypodium
Ganyayyaki na iya yin girma sosai (har zuwa 75% na tsawon kara), gabaɗayan succulent - har zuwa mita 8.
Mahimmanci! Pachypodium mai guba ne, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar fara shi a cikin gida tare da yara ko dabbobi.
Yadda ake kulawa da gidan abinci a gida
Succulent shine shuka wanda za'a iya girma a gidan talakawa. Ba shi da wasu buƙatu na musamman. Dole ne a bi ka'idodi da yawa da suka kasance.
Buƙatun ƙasa da Watsa ruwa
Wadannan tsire-tsire suna son ƙasa mai ɗan acid. Abun haɗin su kamar haka: takardar da ƙasa keɓaɓɓu, yashi daidai gwargwado. Koyaya, ga kowane nau'in halitta, ana daidaita shi gwargwadon buƙatun jinsin. Kuna iya yin gurbin kanku, zaku iya siyan shago.
Kula! Dole tukunya ta dace da sandar a girman. Wasu nau'ikan, irin su mamillaria, alal misali, galibi suna harbi harbe-harbe - "yara", wannan shima yana buƙatar la'akari. Dole ne a sami matattarar magudanar a ƙasan tukunyar.
Wadannan wakilan flora suna buƙatar matsakaici watering. A lokacin rani, ya zama dole don ƙara ruwa lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe. A cikin kashe-kakar, ruwa isa sau daya a wata. A lokacin lalacewar lokaci, shayarwa ta daina aiki baki daya.
Zazzabi da Buƙatun Haske
Wadannan tsirrai suna son haske ne. Haske kai tsaye, musamman lokacin rani, na iya ƙona su.
Cacti a kan windowsill
Yawancin nau'ikan Cactus a lokacin rani, a lokacin furanni, sun dace da yanayin zafi daga +15 zuwa +25 digiri Celsius. A cikin hunturu, a lokacin hutawa, ana bada shawara don rage zafin jiki zuwa + 10-18 digiri Celsius.
Yadda ake ciyar da cacti
Succulents suna buƙatar hadi, kamar yawancin tsire-tsire. Ana ciyar da su sau da sau da gishiri na nitrogen, alli, potassium, phosphorus. Abu ne mai sauki mu sayi takin zamani a cikin shagon don wannan nau'in flora. Dole ne a ɗauka a zuciya cewa ana iya ciyar da shi lokacin da ya girma. A cikin lokacin dormant (lokacin da daidai yake faruwa, ya dogara da nau'in shuka, mafi yawan lokuta a lokacin rani), an haramta ciyarwa.
Akwai nau'ikan cacti da yawa. Daga cikin dukkan bambancin, tabbas akwai wanda ya dace da kowane mutum. Kula da su abune mai sauqi wanda ba zai zama da wahala ba koda kuwa ga wanda bashi da lokaci.
