Mafi mashahuri kuma wanda aka sananne a cikin yankunan kewayen birni na nau'in gooseberries, ba tare da wata shakka ba, shine Kolobok. Bayan duk wannan, wannan daji ne da masu sha'awar lambu ke so ba kawai saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa da kyakkyawan dandano, da yawa suna ƙaunar sa saboda rashin ƙaya.
Bayanin kwatancen ɗan itacen griberi
A cikin 1988, ƙungiyar marubutan jagorancin I.V. Popova sun kammala binciken shekaru da yawa kuma sun sami izini don tsara sabon nau'in guzberi. Abubuwan da aka haifar, ana yin su don latitude na Siberiya, ana kiran su Kolobok. Don haka, fiye da shekaru 40 da wannan nau'in an sami nasarar gamsar da lambu a cikin ɗimbin sararin samaniya daga Gabas Siberiya zuwa yankuna Volga-Vyatka da Tsakiyar Black Earth.
Man Gashi
Pairan uwan mahaifan da suka haifar da Kolobok sun zama Smena da ruwan hoda-2. A sakamakon matasan, ban da manyan agrotechnical halaye, samu wani abu daya - yana da kusan babu spikes.
Haraabilar halayyar ɗan adam
Yankin daji na iri ne mai girma, tsawon harbe zai iya kai mita 1.8-2. Rassan suna da kauri, na roba. Hoto mai ban sha'awa da gwagwarmaya na gwagwarmaya don wuri, a zahiri yana rufe gasa tare da rassan su. Ganyayyaki sun fi girma matsakaici, har ma da manyan launuka duhu launin toka-kore.
Lokacin yin girbi shine matsakaici. Tsarin guzberi ya inganta tare da ɗimbin yawa na keɓaɓɓun matakai.
Kula! A iri-iri ne halin da dama matasa harbe, don haka yana da muhimmanci a tsare datsa su hana thickening na bushes.
Halayen berries
Guzberi Gingerbread Man yana da babban aiki, amma girman berries ba koyaushe zai iya zama ma'aunin guda ɗaya ba. Yawancinsu suna girma zuwa matsakaicin matsakaici - daga 3 zuwa 4 g. Har zuwa kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na amfanin gona yawanci berries suna nauyin 6-7 g. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, zaku iya cimma cewa yawancin amfanin gonar zai kasance berries na daidaitaccen girman 6-8 g.
Guzberi Berries Gingerbread Man
Siffar da berries yayi dace da sunan - zagaye, mai siffar zobe. Wasu lokuta ana samun nau'in elongated, wannan ba alama ce mai mahimmanci ga wannan nau'in ba. Satin tsiro shine al'ada. Launi mai launi daga shuɗi mai haske a lokacin girma zuwa duhu mai duhu har ma da launin ruwan kasa mai cikakken ƙarfi yayin lokacin narkar.
Mahimmanci! Bayan ripening, da berries ba su fada, amma ka riƙe a kan rassan, har sai sun bushe gaba daya.
Fasali Fasali
Yankin yana cikin nau'ikan samar da gwaggwabar riba, tare da kulawar da ta dace daga ɗayan daji zaku iya cirewa zuwa kilogram 10 na 10 na berries. Lokacin yin tumatir shine tsakiyar watan Yuli. Ana yin girbi a cikin rabin biyu na Yuli - farkon watan Agusta. Berries ana sauƙin hawa ba tare da rasa gabatarwa ba. Abubuwan berries ba su rasa bayyanar su koda lokacin da aka adana su a cikin yanayi na yau da kullun na ɗan gajeren kwanaki na 5-7.
Ku ɗanɗani halaye
Peaƙƙarfan berries yana da yawa, amma mai laushi, ɓangaren litattafan almara suna da babban juiciness. Ku ɗanɗani tare da yawan acidity, amma tare da ƙoshin kula mai ƙare. Cikakke berries suna da takamaiman sakamako sakamako. Berry nasa ne da irin kayan zaki.
Kamfar ruwa da juriya
Duk da gaskiyar cewa ga iri-iri babban yanki mai girma ana daukar shi wani yanki da ke daɗewar bazara da lokacin bazara mai zafi, yana da matukar wahala a jure hunturu. Matsalar ita ce, yawancin nau'ikan suna amsawa ga farkon zafi, wanda yake lalata yanayin thaws na hunturu. Ya juya cewa ya yi haƙuri tsawon lokacin sanyi har zuwa −25 ° С, amma talakawa dare sanyi da thaws suna da m.
Don bayani! Gingerbread mutum ne mai danshi-ƙauna iri-iri. A lokutan bushewa, ana matukar bukatar sa a shale. Wannan wani debe kewayawa ne.
Shekaru uku daji
Resistance da cututtuka da kwari
Ba kamar yawancin nau'ikan zane-zane ba, Kolobok kusan ba shi da tasirin cutar mildew da yawancin kwari, kamar kwari da sawun kwari.
Yin amfani da Berry
Cikakke berries saboda babban abun ciki na bitamin da ma'adanai za a iya cinye duka sabo da bayan aiki. Teburin tebur ana aiki dashi azaman kayan zaki, kuma lokacinda aka shirya, ana sarrafa shi cikin dunƙulen, cakulan, jellies, azaman sashi a cikin ƙwayoyin nectars da yawa.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani iri-iri na Kolobok
Abubuwan da ke tattare da bambancin suna nunawa a cikin girman kayan aiki, tsawon lokacin yawan aiki na har zuwa shekaru 10, juriya ga yawancin cututtuka da kwari, kuma, ba shakka, babu ƙaya akan harbe.
Rashin daidaituwa sun haɗa da mummunan juriya na sanyi lokacin thaws da dusar ƙanƙara, fitar da ruwa da kuma buƙatar yin girki na yau da kullun.
Dasa matasa seedlings a shafin
Daban-daban yana da ban mamaki kawai (har zuwa kashi 85-90%) na rayuwa na tsirrai a shafin. Sakamako ne kawai na nasara.
Zabi da kuma shirya na seedlings
Lingsalingsan itace da keɓaɓɓiyar tsarin da aka ba da harbe har da 2-3 fiye da shekara guda an shirya su don dasa. The fi na harbe an trimmed da bi da tare da maganin warwarewa. An daidaita tsarin tushe kuma, in ya yiwu, an daidaita shi ta hanyar 0.5-1 cm, wannan zai ba da babban taimako ga farkon haɓaka asalin yankin daji.
Shekaru biyu da haihuwa seedlings
Lokaci da tsarin saukowa
Ga iri-iri guzberi Kolobok, an fi son shuka kaka. An samar da shi gabanin sanyi na sanyi a watan Satumba - Oktoba. Tare da dasa shuki, na rabin rabin Maris - rabin farkon Afrilu ana ɗauka mafi kyawun zamani. Waɗannan lokatai ne na asali na saukowa zuwa yankunan kudanci. Don yankuna na arewacin, ya fi zaɓi zaɓi lokacin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi sosai kuma barazanar farawa daga yanayin sanyi yana wucewa.
Kula! Don dasawa, ana bada shawara don zaɓar hanyar talakawa tare da tazara tsakanin 1.5-2 tare da shi, ya dace don yin shinge ko shigar da trellis don harbe-garter.
Zabi wurin sauka
Don daji, muhimmin abu shine yawan hasken rana, saboda haka ya fi kyau shuka daji a gefen kudu. Koyaya, idan wani ɓangare na ranar daji yana cikin inuwa, ba matsala, zai ɗauki tushe a can.
Duk da buƙatu akan yawan danshi, musamman a lokacin bushewa, iri-iri baya jure wa wuraren ban ruwa da wuraren ruwa tare da teburin ruwan ƙasa kusa da 1.5-2 m.
Don dasa shuki, mafi kyawun nau'in ƙasa shine sako-sako, maras kyau, tare da tsaka tsaki acid. An kuma yarda sauka kan slightlyan acidic da dyaɗan ƙasa.
Shirya shafin
Don saukowa, an zaɓi yanki mai laushi. Idan matakin ruwan karkashin kasa yana kokarin haɓaka ko akwai barazanar ambaliyar ruwa, ana ba da shawarar a haɓaka wurin da ƙasa ta hanyar 0.5-0.7 m. Don saukowa, an tono rami 0.5-0.6 zurfin tare da girman 50 × 50 cm.
Tsarin ƙasa
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, ana bada shawara don 5-6 hours don jiƙa tushen tushen seedling a cikin ruwa mai narkewa mai ruwa (60 g a 5 l na ruwa). Kwana 5-7 kafin dasa shuki, ana saka wani yanki na takin (10-12 cm) a kasan ramin yayin dasa kaka. 2-3 cm na ƙasa mai kyau ana zuba a saman. An dasa seedling a tsaye wanda ya sa tushen yaduwar ke kasancewa ko'ina cikin ramin.
Mahimmanci! A lokacin dasa shuki, an gabatar da superphosphate tare da potassium sulfate a maimakon humus. Dustasa turbaya an yi shi da raan ƙaramin ramming akan duk yanki na rami.
Lokacin dasawa, ya kamata a zurfafa tushen da wuya ta hanyar cm cm 5-7. Pruning shima yana da mahimmanci domin ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin koda na 5-7 su kasance a kan harbe.
Bayan an dasa, ana yin ruwa, kuna buƙatar zuba lita 10 na ruwa a ƙarƙashin daji.
Siffofin kulawa na yanayi
Tsarin sha ruwa da kayan miya na daji sun dace da sigogin gargajiya na wannan al'ada. A lokacin kumburin koda, ana ciyar da urea kuma an shayar da shi a ƙarƙashin tushe tare da ƙara na lita 10 na ruwa. A lokacin girma da lokacin girbi, ana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta bushewa. A wannan lokacin, ana ɗaukar ruwa kamar al'ada ne sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7-10 a cikin girman 10 na ruwa.
Ana yin manyan miya sau ɗaya kowane mako na 2-3, gwargwadon yanayin daji da yawan berriesanyen tumatir. A lokacin bushewa, ana yawan ninka yawan ruwa zuwa 1 shayarwa a cikin kwanaki 5-7. A wannan lokacin, ana bada shawara don maye gurbin takin tare da takin ma'adinai tare da maganin gargajiya.
Bayan an girbe, ana bada shawarar yin ƙarin riguna biyu don tsarin tushen guzberi zai iya ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki kafin farkon yanayin sanyi.
Guzberi Kolobok, kwatankwacin nau'ikan wanda ke mai da hankali kan yadda ake kula da daidaiton ma'aunin ruwa a shafin, kuma ya dace da fasahohin kamar su kwance da mulching. Mulching bada shawarar duka bushe ciyawa da Pine needles ko haushi. Ana bada shawarar yin amfani da hanyar a hade tare da kwance. 2-3 days bayan ruwa, ya kamata a kwance sashin tushe zuwa zurfin 10 cm kuma an rufe shi da ciyawa.
Mahimmanci! Don wannan tsayi, yada iri-iri, ana ba da shawarar shigar da kayan tallafi masu fa'idodi da yawa ko shimfida trellises tare da garter mai zuwa.
Duk da tsananin juriya ga cututtuka da kwari, ana bada shawarar yin jiyya tare da shirye-shirye masu rikitarwa sau 2-3 a kakar, kuma kuyi ta a kan spores kafin hunturu.
Bush pruning a cikin fall
Kalandar pruning ta haɗa da bazara, kaka da rigakafin bazara. A cikin kaka, ana cire harbe fiye da shekaru 4, a cikin busassun bazara, kuma a lokacin bazara matasa masu harbe-harbe wadanda suke kara fadada daji.
Tsarin matakai don shirya don hunturu ya haɗa da ciyarwa, mulching, jiyya tare da shirye-shiryen anti-spore da kariya daga farare.
Kiwo
Don yaɗa gooseberries Gingerbread Man, zaka iya zaɓar ɗayan hanyoyi uku.
Yankan
Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar yankan, ana ɗaukar harbe-harbe shekaru 2-3. Don dasa shuki a cikin gidan shinkafa, ciyawar yakamata ya zama aƙalla cm 20. 15-17 cm daga reshen an binne shi a ƙasa, sauran sun fi hakan girma. Zai fi kyau a saman cewa ƙirar ƙodan ya kasance 3-4.
Don tushen ya kai matsakaicin girmansa, ana ba da shawarar haɗuwa da ruwa a ƙarƙashin gilashi tare da taki. Irin wannan kulawa za ta samar har zuwa kwanaki 21-25 bayan dasa shuki canjin da aka dasa a wata gona mai dorewa.
Don bayani! Ana yin saukowa a cikin ƙasa buɗe yayin da yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kai 18-21 ° C.
Raba
Rashin daji yana gudana ne lokacin dasa shuki. Matasa harbe yawanci rabu da tushen kungiyar. Kafin dasa, ana buƙatar magani tare da mai motsa mai motsa jiki, bayan - ba da ruwa tare da saka miya.
Maimaitawa
An bada shawara don yin layering kai tsaye bayan pruning spring. Don wannan, ƙananan rassan suna karkatar da ƙasa kuma sun haƙa. Ana buƙatar tsayin ƙwanƙolin ƙasa aƙalla 15 cm, kuma tsawonsa ya kai cm 25. Dole ne a yi ruwa kowace rana ta 5-7. Bayan wani lokaci, rassan sun fara tushe. An bada shawarar dasawa su ne lokacin shiri na damina domin yin hunturu a watan Satumba da Oktoba.
Hatta ga waɗanda kawai ke kokarin hannayensu a aikin lambu, girma gooseberries Kolobok ba babban lamari bane. A cikin shekaru 3-4, ba tare da damuwar da ba dole ba, zaku iya samun kyakkyawan shuka na iri mai mahimmanci.
