Rhododendron itace kyakkyawar ciyawar daji wacce take da kyan gani zuwa yankin kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Hannun furanni tare da shimfidu iri-iri da sauri sun zama sananne a tsakanin masu lambu da masu ado. Amma m kyau mutum ƙi hunturu a cikin yanayin sanyi da sanyi. Godiya ga aiki mai wahala na masu shayarwa, yawancin nau'ikan rhododendron sun gaji. Suna da juriya mai sanyi kuma suna iya jure yanayin matsanancin kaka.
Raskodendron mara zurfi ne mai ƙarancin ciyawa (1-1.5 m), wanda ya isa ya rufe duka kambi tare da bunches na furanni. Furanni na duka tabarau (banda na shuɗi mai tsabta) suna da launin kararrawa, babba, ana iya yin kwalliya da launuka masu launin shuɗi, gewaye, gefuna wavy. A lokacin fure, ciyawar yana cika kyawunsa tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi.
A lokacin furanni, wannan yanayin bashi da daidai.
Jinsuna da iri
Yawancin rhododendrons masu rikitarwa sun zama tushe don haɓaka yawancin samari. Amma, duk da wannan, ana iya samun kyawawan nau'ikan jinsuna a cikin gidajen lambuna da shagunan lambun.
- Rhododendron deciduous rawaya shine mahaifin mafi yawan nau'ikan matasan. An tattara ƙananan furanni a bunches na 7-12 inji mai kwakwalwa. Abin mamakin tare da haske mai launi mai rawaya mai haske. Daya daga cikin mafi unpretentious iri.
- Canadianabilar Kanad yana da fure a hankali a hankali na ƙananan furanni (har zuwa 3 cm a diamita) furanni. Matsakaicin tsayi daga daji shine m 1, haɓakar shekara ba ta wuce 15 cm.
Bambancin Kamchatka sune suka fi bambanta da takwarorinsu.
- Kamchatka iri-iri shine matashin kai mai kama da daddare. Amma jurewar dusar ƙanƙararsa ya sa ya sami damar samar da samari masu yawa. Busharamin daji yayi girma kawai zuwa 30 cm ba tsayi. An tattara manyan furanni a cikin ƙananan abubuwa guda uku kuma suna da launi mai rasberi mai haske.
- Jafananci rhododendron wani nau'in sanyi ne mai tsaurin sanyi iri-iri. Tsawon tsinken mitoci biyu na daskararre yana aiki da girma har zuwa 25 cm a kowace shekara. Babban furanni (har zuwa 8 cm a diamita) ana fentin su a cikin kirim mai tsami, ruwan hoda da inuwa na kifi.
Mahimmanci! Varietiesa'idodin matsakaici sun haɗa duka mafi kyawun. Babu wani aibi a kamannin su, amma sun fi jan hankali da motsuwa cikin abinda suke ciki.
- Fitila mai Ruwa ko Haske. Furannin furanni ne fari, fararen-rawaya, ruwan hoda, kifi, jan. Bishiyoyi masu tsananin sanyi suna iya tsayawa sanyi - har zuwa -40 ° C.
- Klondike sanannen iri ne. Furanni na siffar sabon abu, rawaya mai launin wuta tare da launin ja, buds suna ja. Shrub na siffar mai siffar zobe, ya kai tsayi da nisa zuwa sama.
Haske Klondike
- Wuta Manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi da manyan furanni ba za su bar kowa ya shagala ba. Abun kyau kyau daji deciduous iri, mamaki palette na tabarau na ganye tare da farko na kaka. Yana girma har zuwa mita biyu a tsayi tare da kambi mai yawa da tsawon ganye.
- Rhododendron Rosie Lights. M m tare da m ruwan hoda na manyan furanni. Shrub ya kai tsayin sama da mita 1.5. A cikin kaka, ganye ya zama burgundy.
Yadda za a gano nau'ikan iri daban-daban
Ofaya daga cikin bambance-bambancen daga nau'ikan fure masu fure suna da yawan furanni. Varietiesa'idoji masu rarrafe suna da rassa masu rassawa fiye da Semi-deciduous ko gwal. Wani bambanci shine hargitsin launuka na kaka a kan ganyayyaki iri iri.
Abubuwan launuka na kaka suna shahara akan nau'ikan launidu
Da zuwan kaka, ganyen ya canza launin daga launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi zuwa launin ja. Kayan daji na ado daga bazara har zuwa lokacin damuna ya kasance mafi kyau. Waɗannan baƙin ba su yi saurin girma ba, suna ba da kansu da kyau sosai ga girke-girke da kuma kambi na ado. Sanyin sanyi na daji shima yana shafar zaɓi mai ƙuna.
Hankali! Mazauna Siberiya da mawuyacin yanayin tsauraran yanayi ya kamata suyi tunani game da tanadi rhododendron don hunturu.
Varietiesaukatattun nau'ikan ƙarancin ƙarancin itace game da yanayin kulawa da ƙari, saboda haka sun dace da farawa na lambu, masu son rhododendrons nan gaba.
Zaba seedlings
Ana samun mafi kyawun seedlingsan ƙananan matasa daga masu siyar da amintattu don kada su sami kwarewar kiwan baƙin ciki.
Mafi cin nasara za su kasance seedlings girma a cikin tukwane ko a bude ƙasa a cikin wannan yanayi, inda nan gaba daji zai yi girma.
Rhododendron deciduous seedlings
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Idan shuka yayi girma a cikin gidajen katako, bazai daidaita da yanayin girma akan ƙasa ba kuma zai mutu da sauri.
Don haɓaka alama da kyakkyawan tushe da haɓaka daji na gaba, seedling yakamata ya kasance:
- shekaru 2-4;
- da kyau, kuma ya kamata harbe ya tashi daga tushe na gangar jikin daji;
- tare da ganyen lafiya mai santsi na launin koren duhu mai duhu (lokacin da aka sayi a faɗo, rawaya, sautunan ja yana yiwuwa);
- tare da lafiya Tushen, ba tare da alamun rot da duhu aibobi.
Matasa bushes girma a karkashin da hakkin yanayi zai zama low:
- girma daga tsaba - 12-15 cm tsayi;
- an samo shi ta hanyar itace - 20-25 cm.
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Idan seedling 4 years old zai zama kusan mita - wannan alama ce ta kore namo.
Inda za a dasa deciduous rhododendron
Lokacin zabar wurin girma na daji, ya kamata ka yi la’akari da:
- Rhododendron baya son wuraren bude wuraren rana. Ya kamata a girgiza ƙasa ɗin. Zai yuwu idan rabin rana aka kunna wutar daji, sauran ragowar kuwa suna cikin inuwa. A cikin hunturu, shading ya kamata kuma ya kasance don guje wa diaper na rassan da tushen wuya.
- Yana da mahimmanci don kare daji daga iska, amma rafin sabo yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka da ya dace.
- Itace zata mutu da sauri a wani wuri inda ruwa zaiyi lokaci-lokaci. Masu shayarwa suna ba da shawarar dasa bushes a ɗan tudu don kada ruwa ya yi laushi a tushen lokacin ruwa da dusar ƙanƙara.
Saukowa daga waje
Shuka da kuma ƙarin kulawa don rhododendron mai lalacewa zai tabbatar da haɓaka mai inganci da fure. Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, yana da mahimmanci shirya ƙasa, seedling da rami na gaba don dasa:
- Isasa ta zama mai ɗan acidic. A cakuda peat, yashi, ƙasa leafy da coniferous humus ne mai kyau abun da ke ciki domin lafiya seedling girma. Kafin dasa shuki, cakuda yana daɗaɗɗa da wadatar da takin ma'adinai.
- Sifen da aka sayo a cikin tukunya da aka samu yayin haɓakar ƙaramin asalin da ke kusa da tukunyar tukunya. Dole ne a cire tushen bushewa, amma ƙasa na asali kawai zai taimaka girma da kuma dacewa da sabon yanayi.
- Ramin saukowa tare da zurfin 50 cm kuma faɗin 80 cm ya kamata ya kasance da faranti mai fashewa ko yumɓu mai yumɓu tare da kauri na cm 15. Bayan dasawa, yana da mahimmanci don barin tushen nodule sama da ƙasa.
Don adana danshi da abubuwan gina jiki, a kusa da buhun kana buƙatar ciyawa ƙasa tare da allura ko peat.
Tsarin mulch a kusa da fure
Subwarewar kulawa
Abubuwa masu zuwa za su shafi girma mai girma da fure:
- Manyan miya. Abincin ma'adanai ko na abinci na yau da kullun, sau ɗaya kowane makonni uku daga bazara zuwa kaka.
- Lokaci-lokaci sabunta Layer na ciyawa kuma cire ciyawa. Ya kamata a kusantar da ƙasa sosai kamar yadda zai yiwu, tunda tushen rhododendron na sama ne kuma mai rauni ne.
- Bayan fure, yana da mahimmanci don cire duk furanni da aka bushe don haɓakar kwanciya na fure fure don shekara mai zuwa.
- Kusa da bazara da damina muhimmin abu ne kuma yana da yanayi dabam. A cikin bazara, da shuka an shirya don fure, stimulating da aiki girma daga rassan. Dukkanin rassan da aka lalatar ana cire su yayin lokacin hunturu. Autar pruning tana shirya daji akan gado. Anan an cire harbe-tsayi da yawa, kuma an kafa kambi na daji.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Kafin wintering, deciduous iri ana shayar da alheri a ko'ina cikin fall.
Matasa matasa suna buƙatar tsari mai kyau don hunturu. Tare da lokacin farin ciki Layer na ciyawa, wajibi ne don rufe tushen da wuyan tushe. Rassan suna kariya daga iska da sanyi tare da lutrasil ko spandum.
Tushen tsararren shuka yana buƙatar ƙarin Layer na allura daga 5 zuwa 20 cm ba tsayi. Ga rassi, an gina filo daga allon ko igiyoyi waɗanda ba za su dace da su ba.
Daga saman firam an rufe shi da fandari, yana barin ramin iska.
An adana Rhododendrons don hunturu
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Ya kamata a share shinge tare da rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa -10 ° C.
Da farkon bazara, yana da muhimmanci a lura da yanayin - idan iska ta yi zafi sosai, kuma har yanzu ƙasa ta daskarewa, to, kuna buƙatar haɗa da ruwa mai daɗaɗa don tayar da tushen tushen daji.
Matsalar girma
Idan aka zaɓi wurin da aka shirya ba daidai ba, daji ba zai yi fure ba. Dalilan na iya zama daban - haske, ruwa, ƙasa, iska. Idan ba zai yiwu ba a nemo dalilan, kuna buƙatar tura bishiyar zuwa wurin da aka shirya sosai kuma a kula sosai.
Rashin fure. Wajibi ne don cire inflorescences fadada don kada shuka ya ɓatar da kuzari a kan ƙirƙirar akwatin iri.
A lokacin hunturu, ganyayyaki da ganye sun bushe. Dalilan sune rashin kariya daga shuki daga iska a cikin hunturu.
A lokacin hunturu, nau'ikan da ba sa sutura suna iya shan wahala daga babban dusar ƙanƙara da kankara a kan rassan. Don hana wannan, yakamata a gina firam har ma da nau'ikan disidu. Irin waɗannan tsaran suna ɗaukar yawancin dusar ƙanƙara a kan kansu, suna adana furen.
Cutar da kwari
Yanayin kwanciyar hankali baya barin daji ya ji rauni, da wuya su iya fuskantar barazanar kwaro.
- Cututtuka sune mafi yawan lokuta fungal a yanayi. Don rigakafin, kowace bazara, ana bi da daji tare da sulfate na jan karfe.
- Lokaci-lokaci, ya kamata a bincika harbe don kwari. Daga cikin su zaka iya samun ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, bedbugs, tsutsotsi na mealy. Idan an sami kwari, ana kula da shukoki ta hanyoyi na musamman (bred bisa ga bayanin maganin).
Varietiesaukatattun yankuna suna da girma kamar shuki na farko na rhododendron a cikin lambu. Sun fi ƙarfin damuna da hunturu-Hardy. Kyakkyawan ɗakunan tsafi yana yin ado da launuka masu launuka a cikin bazara, a lokacin rani yana da ban sha'awa na aikin lambu, kuma a cikin bazara wani tashe tashen launuka akan ganye ya sa mutum ya sake sha'awar kyakkyawa ta rhododendron.
