Alpine violet (cyclamen) wata itaciya ce mai ban sha'awa da ke shudewa idan dusar ƙanƙara ta sauka a wajen taga. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa fure ta sami suna. Wurin haifuwar cyclamen tsaunika ne. Masu shayarwa sun shayar da sababbin sababbin launuka da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da siffar ganye, alamu a kansu, da launi na fure. Alpine violet za a iya girma a matsayin lambun fure ko tsire-tsire na lambu.
Menene menin violet ɗin suke kama?
Cyclamen girma daga tubers, daji. Itace mai girma yana da tsayi har zuwa cm 30. Ganyen suna kan dogayen launuka masu launin shuɗi. Five-petured furanni, elongated a tsawon flowering mai tushe.
Masu shayarwa sun shayar da nau'ikan nau'ikan 22 na Alpine, wanda za'a iya kasu kashi biyu:
- purple (Turai - Cyclamen purpurascens);
- Persian (Cyclamen persicum).
Babban abun da ke ciki
Don nau'ikan haɓaka gida ana gabatar dasu a tebur.
| Cyclamen iri-iri | Girman shuka | Lokacin tashi | Bayanin fure |
| Umbrella, Bahaushe, Hybrid | misali | Disamba - Mayu | ƙananan furanni na launi ruwan hoda, siffar sabon abu, ruwan hoda |
| Lulu, Farisa, matasan | har zuwa 30 cm | blooms 4 watanni | jan furanni, gefan fure |
| Victoria, persian, matasan | matsakaici | Disamba - Mayu | Terry petals, sautin biyu: fari a gindi, rasberi saman |
| Maurice Dryden, Kos | misali | Disamba - Maris | tabarau daban-daban, gindin furannin yana da sautin wadataccen arziki |
| Roseum, Kos | matsakaici | Disamba - Maris | ruwan hoda mai haske da ido mai duhu |
Don tabbatar da haɓakar fure na gida a gida, kuna buƙatar sanin wane sahihan shi yake.
Yanada kyau sosai
Labarin shahararrun masu amfani da cyclamen ya fara a cikin ƙaramin ɗan gari na Kanada, Delhi. A ciki, lokacin da aka sami koma baya a tattalin arziƙi, an buɗe shagon fure. Farkon furanni da aka miƙa wa abokan ciniki shine cyclamen da aka ɗauka daga tsaunuka. Yanzu shagon furanni na Furen Furen Furen ya zama wata katuwar kore inda daruruwan cyclamens, samfuran yanayi daban-daban masu launuka daban-daban, kumbura kowace faɗuwa.
Siffofin kula da violet violet a gida
Idan ana kallon cymicen mai laushi, da alama yana da motsi kuma yana son zafi. Amma ba a banza ba ne cewa farkon kalmar a cikin sunan ita ce “Alpine”. Furen ya fi son sanyi da haske, sabili da haka, a kan windowsill, a ƙarƙashin abin da dumama na tsakiya ke wucewa, furen fure tare da violet mai tsayi ba shi da wuri. Dole ne a sanya shi a cikin dakin mafi sanyi ko a baranda.
Zazzabi
A yanayi, tsalle-tsalle masu tsinkaye suna samar da shinge da zaran an share sararin dutse babu dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin ɗakin, furen yana tasowa sosai a zazzabi na 10 −15 digiri. A lokacin rani, ya zama dole don cire tukunya daga hasken rana mai haske.
Haske
Mountain violet yana ƙaunar haske, amma hasken rana kai tsaye yana da hallakaswa. Mafi dacewa zai zama windows waɗanda ke gabas ko yamma a gefen sararin sama. Babu isasshen haske a arewacin windows na violet din arewacin kasar. A cikin ɗakunan kudu, ana iya sanya fure daga nesa da taga.
Watse
Ruwa fure tare da taushi, ruwa mai kariya. Yanayin zafin jiki na ruwa ya zama ƙasa da yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin. Bayan launi ya faɗi, ana rage ruwa.
Informationarin bayani! Yawancin lambu suna yin noma daga ɗamarar ruwa.
Fesa
Kafin a buɗe ayoyin, tsohuwar cyclamen zata iya samun shawa mai sanyi - fesa. Wannan hanya tana kara zafi dakin kuma yana rage zafin jiki.
Watering cyclamen
Kasar
Ilasa don dasa shuki mai kyau mai gauraye cakuda abubuwa ne masu yawa, wanda yake mai sauƙi ne don shirya kanka.
Dole ne a cakuda waɗannan sinadaran masu zuwa:
- humus (kashi na 1),
- yashi (1 part),
- peat (1 part)
- takarda ƙasa (2 sassan).
Encedwararrun masu noman abinci sun ce peat za'a iya yin mulkin mallaka.
Kula! Yana da mahimmanci don cyclamen don samar da wani acidity na ƙasa. Ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 5-6 pH.
Manyan miya
Kuna buƙatar ciyar da daji kafin fure, lokacin da ya girma ganye. Kuna iya ɗaukar ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya.
Lokacin ciyarwa, ya zama dole don tsayar da mita - sau ɗaya a mako.
Yaushe kuma ta yaya tsalle-tsalle mai tsayi zai fito
Yawancin nau'in violet na violet suna zubar da launi tare da zuwan kaka. Don fure mai fure, misalin shima yana buƙatar wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki, wani yanayi mai zafi, gumi da haske.
Furanni Cyclamen sun banbanta da girman launi da paletti masu launi - daga kodadde azaba don burgundy tare da duhu tint, purple.
Itatuwan an yi birgima a baya suna kama da fikafikan zaki. Gefen fure-fure na iya zama mai sauƙi, sassaka, nuna shi da yanki mai faɗi, tare da iyaka mai dumbin yawa.
Daban-daban irin na cyclamen na cikin gida ba sa fure a lokaci guda. Faris na cyclamen yana farantawa tare da furanni a cikin hunturu, da fure na Turai a lokacin rani. Idan Bahaushe zai iya jefa tsiran fure a zazzabi na + 10 ° C, to, cycloen na Turai zai yi fure mai ma'ana, koda kuwa a ma'aunin zafi da zafi + 23 ° C.
Don tunani: shayarwa na bred iri-iri na lemo mai tsayi wanda zai iya yin sheka shekara-shekara. Waɗannan su ne, yafi matasan iri.
Tsarin rayuwa na nau'ikan violet daban-daban violet iri ɗaya ne: bayyanar ganye, furanni guda ɗaya, fure mai lush, bushewa na harbe, tarin abubuwa dole don lokacin dormant.
Yadda tsalle-tsalle masu tsinkaye suke yadawa
Florists suna yada ƙage (wannan shine wani sunan don murƙushe violet) a cikin hanyoyi biyu - tsaba da ƙwaya.
Farkon ganye
Shuka shuka
Girma mai tsalle tsinkaye daga zuriya tsari ne mai tsawo.
Da farko dai dole ne ku sanya fure mai 'ya'ya, kuma saboda wannan kuna buƙatar watsa ƙwayar shuka. A farkon aiwatar, zaɓi fure kuma ƙwanƙwasa shi. Pollen zai tashi ya sauka akan wasu furanni.
Bayan pollination, kwalin zai bayyana bayan wani lokaci. Da zaran ya fara jingina, yakamata a tsince shi, a bushe shi kuma a zana tsaba domin a shuka. Don yin wannan, yi maganin sukari 5% kuma rage ƙananan tsaba a ciki. Minirƙirar tsaba zai nutse zuwa ƙasan.
Hankali! Better germinate tsaba da aka tattara 1.5 −2 da suka wuce.
Ana amfani da allunan Peat don shuka iri.
Rooting cuttings
Alpine cyclamen za a iya yaduwa ta hanyar rosette a kan tushen. Ya kamata a yaduwar ci gaban kuma a dasa shi a cikin sabuwar ƙasa. Zai yi wuya a yaduwar shuka da tsiro daga ganyayyaki.
Mai girbi na fure, mai son sha'awa game da kiwo cyclamen, na iya gwada duk hanyoyin haifuwa kuma suna amfani da nasara ga al'adar sa.
Dasawa bayan sayan - manual
Alpine violet (Cyclamen) ba da shawarar a watsa shi nan da nan bayan sayan.
A cikin shekara guda, da zaran farkon harbe ya bayyana sama da tuber, fara dasawa kuma bi bayanin:
- furanni yakamata ya zama 2 cm girma fiye da kwan fitila;
- ƙasa wanda ke wakiltar cakuda peat, yashi, sphagnum mai ƙwaya, vermiculite da gawayi za'a iya sayansu a shagon fure;
- daɗaɗa yumɓu za a buƙaci don magudanar ruwa;
- magudanar ruwa, ana zuba abin sa a cikin furen fure tare da kauri;
- an sanya maganin cyclamen tuber a cikin lambun fure (kamar 1/3 na tarin fitsarin ya ragu sama da ƙasa);
- an zuba ƙasa kuma an matse dan kadan;
- ana dasa shayar da tsire-tsire tare da ingantaccen bayani na manganese.
Za'a iya aiwatar da abincin tsirrai kawai bayan ganyen matasa sun fara girma.
Dasa bijimin
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa a girma violet na girma mai tsayi
Alpine violet na buƙatar kulawa a hankali a gida. Tana da matukar kulawa da kurakuran kulawa.
Cutar
Akwai cututtuka da yawa saboda wanda wakilin flora na cikin gida na iya rasa ƙamshinta.
Gumjin na iya saurin barin ganye-da sauri - yana nufin ɗakin yana da zafi, zafi bai isa ba.
Fure fure zai iya inganta daga danshi. A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawara don cire harbe mai ɓoyewa, bi da samfurin tare da fungicide.
Kula! Causative jami'ai na fusarium suna shafar tasoshin shuka, wanda zai haifar da mutuwar fure. Ya kamata a fesa shi tare da mafita daga tushe, a shayar da ruwa ya kamata a aiwatar da shi "a ƙarƙashin tushe".
Karin kwari
Kwayoyin Turai za su iya kaiwa hari ta hanyar kwari.
- Gwanin naman giwa, tunda ya zauna akan wata fure, yana barin ganyayyaki, kuma tubersan itacen zai zama abincin lardin sa. Yin gwagwarmaya da irin wannan kwaro yana da wuya.
- Kuna iya yin yaƙi tare da scab (aphid): cire manya da ƙwayayen su, magance ganyen tare da maganin sabulu da maganin kashe kwari.
Sauran matsaloli
Mutane da yawa masu noman fure suna damuwa lokacin da ganyen shuka ya zama rawaya. Wannan al'ada ce: fure yana shirya don hutawa. A shuka na iya may saboda rashin sarari a cikin tukunya, saboda depletion na kasar gona. Yana faruwa cewa farfajiyar takaice. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar ƙara yawan shayarwa.
Cyclamen na iya murna ba wai kawai a cikin gidan ba. Florists suna ƙara sa Alpinal violet a cikin gadaje na fure. Yayi kyau a cikin baranda da ke shiga ciki tare da itacen wuta. Abun da ke tattare da cyclamen a hade tare da ornamental ganye a cikin rataye mai shimfiɗa ya sa terrace farin ciki. Blooming cyclamen alama ce ta dukkan jin daɗi. Idan ka kula da furen yadda yakamata, zai birge kyau kwarai shekaru da yawa a jere.
