Idan wani katako ya fara wucewa da tukunya, dole ne a kula da shi don dasawa dashi. Koyaya, mutumin da ba shi da masaniya na iya samun isasshen jujin murtsinta cikin wahala, tunda shuka takamaiman ce kuma tana buƙatar hanya ta musamman. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a la'akari da yadda ake jujjuyar da katako don kada ya cutar da kanta ko ita.
Ya kamata a aiwatar da aikin dasawa da kanta yayin yin la’akari da matsanancin ƙwayar ƙwayar shuka. Ko da ƙananan kyallen da aka samu yayin aiwatarwa na iya haifar da mutuwar gidan murtsunguwa. Idan lalacewar tsarin tushe, alal misali, daga zubar ruwa da ya wuce kima na kasar gona, tsarin lalacewar tsirran tsirrai na iya farawa, wanda hakan zai haifar da mutuwar fure. Sabili da haka, tambayar yadda za a dasa shinge ya kamata a kula da shi da tsananin taka tsantsan.
Yadda za a dasa shuki
Zaɓin tukunya
Ofaya daga cikin mahimman bukatun tukunyar shuka shine tsarkinsa. Duk kwantena da aka yi nufin dasa shukar cacti dole ne a wanke shi cikin ruwan zafi ta amfani da sabulu da buroshi. Bugu da kari, an bada shawarar a saka karamin soda (ko ash) a cikin tsari don hana kamshi.
Mahimmanci! Bayan an wanke, babu alamun sabulu da zai saura akan tukwane.
Gwargwadon ƙarfin ba ya dogara da girman kara, amma a kan tushen tsarin tsirrai. Idan tushen, sanya shi a cikin sabon tukunya, yana ɗaukar wa kanta na dabi'a, ƙarewar suna cikin yardar kaina a duk yankin kuma kada ku tanƙwara, to irin wannan akwati cikakke ne ga dasawa. Don tsire-tsire tare da tushen elongated, akwai tukwane na elongated na musamman.
Hakanan yana da daraja a kula da kayan da aka yi tukunya. Kwanan nan, earthenware an dauki wannan shine kawai wanda ya dace kuma ya dace dashi saboda porosity na bangon sa, wanda ke bawa iska izinin shiga cikin asalin sa. Bugu da kari, ruwa mai dauke da ruwa daga bangon tank din na taimakawa wajen sanyaya kasar gona, wanda ke taimaka wa murabus din jure yanayin sauye sauye cikin yanayin zafi.
Koyaya, ga waɗanda suke yin narkar da haɓaka guda ɗaya, ya kamata a tuna cewa sakamakon ƙaurawar ruwa, tururin zai buƙaci yin ruwa akai-akai, wannan kuma zai iya haifar da alkalin ƙasa.
A yau zaku iya siyan tukwane masu launuka daban-daban, da sifofi, haka kuma kayan. Mafi mashahuri shine jita-jita na filastik. Filastik ya fi sauƙi da sauƙi don kulawa. M ganuwar da ke cikin wannan tukunyar ba ta barin ruwa ta ƙafe, wanda ke adana ruwa, kuma ba ya dagula yanayin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, rhizome ba ya girma zuwa bangon, a ko'ina cikin rarraba girman qasa. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa ƙasa ba'a cika ruwa ba, in ba haka ba rhizome na iya lalacewa.
Mahimmanci! Wajibi ne a kula da na'urar magudanar a gaba. Dole tukunya ya kasance yana da ramuka na magudanar ruwa domin taimakawa hana ruwa gudu.
Zaɓin tukunya
Selectionasa zaɓi
Don dasawa wani murtsunguwa, ma'adinan musamman ya dace, sunan wanda yake "Don succulents da cacti." Idan, bayan sayan, ƙasa ta juya ba ta da isasshen ƙarfi, yashi, kyawawan pebbles ko bulo na bulo a ciki. Wannan zai ba ku damar kusancin kusanci zuwa yanayin mazaunin shuka.
Don bayani! Lokacin zabar ƙasa mai ƙare, ya zama dole a hankali bincika abubuwan da ya ƙunsa, tunda yana iya bambanta dangane da masana'anta.
Babban abin da ke canzawa shine peat. Yana da kyau sanin cewa, sabanin peat mai ƙarancin ƙasa, an hana dawakai abinci mai gina jiki kuma yana riƙe da danshi na dogon lokaci, don haka ya kamata a dakatar da zaɓin tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan biyu da farko. Ana nuna sakamako mai kyau ta gaurayawan iri iri na waɗannan peat.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ƙasa da aka gama ta riga ta zo tare da takin mai magani (bayani akan wannan an nuna shi kan kunshin). Idan ba a hadu da ƙasa ba, to, ban da ita, kuna buƙatar ware takin daban.
Wasu mutane basa amincewa da abubuwan da aka kera, amma sun gwammace su hada kayan gona da kansu. Don shirya ƙasa, wajibi ne don haɗa ƙasa mai bushe tare da turf da yashi (daidai gwargwado). Wannan cakuda ya dace da kowane nau'in tsire-tsire, duk da haka, ana buƙatar zaɓar lalatattun abubuwa tare da nuna ƙayyadaddun halayen fure. Misali, ga tsirrai masu karamin, bakin ciki, Tushen farar ƙasa, dunƙule ƙasa ko ɓoyayyen tubali ya fi kyau (a gwargwadon manyan abubuwan da aka gyara 1: 1: 1: ½).
Don cacti tare da ƙaƙƙarfan tushen tushe da matsanancin tushe, ƙasa ta dace, wanda zai haɗa da turf, ƙasa mai yaduwa da yashi a cikin rabo na 1.5: 1: 1.
Mahimmanci! 1/10 na jimlar ƙasa ya kamata a murƙushe gawayi. Don cacti, wanda mazauninsu na asali ƙasa ne mai ƙeƙasassu, tsakuwa ta fi dacewa.
Shahararrun nau'ikan gidajen cactus da aka girma a gida sune mammillaria da Decembrist (Schlumbergera). Duk da cewa hanya don sake haɗa waɗannan furanni a gida ya bambanta, gabaɗaya, duka nau'in suna buƙatar substrate na musamman, magudanar ruwa da tukunya da aka zaɓa daidai. Da ke ƙasa daki-daki yadda ake watsa waɗannan nau'ikan cacti a gida.
Yaushe zan canzawa?
A zahiri, ana iya jujjuya cacti a kowane lokaci na shekara. Koyaya, mafi dacewa lokacin ana ɗauka ƙarshen kaka - farkon hunturu.
Da yake magana musamman game da dabbobi masu shayarwa, to akwai wasu halaye. An ba da izinin dasa furanni matasa kowace shekara; don tsararren tsire-tsire, ɗaukar guda ɗaya ya isa kowace shekara 2-3. Ana yin wannan mafi kyau a cikin bazara, lokacin da katafariyar takan riga ta fara farkawa, a wanne yanayi zai fi sauƙi gare shi ya sami damar zuwa sabon wuri.
Yanzu kuna buƙatar yanke shawara akan lokacin da aka ba shi izinin canza ƙwaƙwalwar. Ya kamata a aiwatar da juyawa daga Schlumberger bayan ya daina fure - a cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na Fabrairu. Flowersarshen furanni, har ma da na dabbobi masu shayarwa, ana iya maye gurbinsu kowace shekara, balagagge babu fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru 4-5.
Yaushe zan canzawa?
Siffofin Juyawa
Dukansu filastik da tukwane na yumbu sun dace da mammillaria. Ya kamata a zaɓi babban tank. Ya kamata a shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan tukunyar. Na farko, an shimfiɗa lãka, kuma bayan wannan ana cakuda ƙasa ta musamman don cacti. A ƙasa dole ne porous, permeable. Cakuda yashi da ciyawa da ƙasa mai ganye (a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 2) su ma sun dace. Wajibi ne don ƙara kwakwalwan bulo a madadin. Hakanan an halatta da gawayin gawayi, da nassin dutsen da da dutsen ƙasa.
Clay, yumbu, gilashin, katako da kwantena filastik sun dace don jigilar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
Mahimmanci! An ba da izinin amfani da ƙarfe, amma wannan dole ne a yi shi a hankali, saboda akwai yuwuwar lalata, wanda zai tsokani tushen da asalinsu.
Tukwane ya kamata ba zurfi sosai, amma fadi. Abin da ƙasa ake buƙata don mai maƙaryaci, da yadda za a sa shi a cikin akwati:
- Ya kamata a shimfiɗa lãka mai shimfiɗa a kasan ko yadudduka na kyakkyawan ruwan kogin da ya kamata a rarraba akan shi. Idan abubuwan da aka haɗa don cakuda an ɗauka kai tsaye daga titi, to, dole ne a sanya su a cikin tanda (da yawa mintuna);
- Hakanan za'a iya ƙara ɓangare na busassun ƙasa spatgnum (peat ko farin gansakuka) zuwa ƙasa;
- to pre-calcined yashi, ƙara takardar ƙasa (a cikin 2: 1 rabo). Idan za ta yiwu, za a iya haɗa ƙaramar dutse ko yumɓu mai ƙura a cikin ƙasa don sa ƙasa ta zama dutse.
Bayan sanya ƙasa a saman magudanar magudanar ruwa, zaku iya fara juyar da gidan. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa yadudduka sun kusan iri ɗaya.
Don bayani! Don sake farfado da tsire-tsire mai rauni, ana iya ƙara ɗayan sashin peat zuwa ƙasa da aka shirya don Decembrist.
Tushen tushe
Kafin tsarin tushen, yakamata a kula da itacen da aka zaɓa (ko jariri) don kare shi daga kamuwa da cuta. Ya kamata a yayyafa shi da gawayi a cikin foda ko sulfur. Sannan datti yakamata a bushe (aƙalla kwanaki bakwai a cikin madaidaiciyar matsayi), alhali yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa bai bushe ba.
Don tushen Mammillaria, ana rufe murfin tukunyar tukunya tare da magudanar ruwa, sannan an ƙara kwata na ƙasa don tsirrai, kuma a saman ƙasa don cacti da aka lalata tare da yashi. Bayan wannan, kuna buƙatar dasa tushen itacen kuma yayyafa shi da kwata na yashi. Toucharshen taɓawa na ƙarshe zai zama ƙari na ƙananan pebbles. Don mafi kyawun tushen, ana iya amfani da tushen ƙarfafa tushen. Bayan sarrafa cakuda tare da bayani, ya kamata a sanya kayan dasa a cikin wurin dumi.
Yadda za a tushen Tushen? Don cire haɗin itacen da aka zaɓa, ana buƙatar riƙe tushe na shuka, toshe ƙarshen ƙarshen a cikin yatsunsu kuma a hankali kwance (a kan agogon hannu) ɓangaren fure da ake so. A wannan halin, haramun ne a yi amfani da almakashi, fatar kan mutum, wuka da duk wani sokin da yankan abubuwa. Abincin ya bushe har kwana biyu a kan adiko a cikin duhu. Daga baya ya yuwu a ci gaba zuwa tushen kai tsaye na murtsunguwa. Akwai hanyoyi biyu na tushen - a ruwa da ƙasa.
A cikin yanayin farko, an sanya tsari a cikin ruwa (zazzabi dakin). Ruwa ya kamata ya rufe ɗayan ɓangarorin. Lokacin da matakin ruwa ya faɗi, ana buƙatar ƙara shi, idan turbid, maye gurbin shi, kuma matse tushe. Bayan makonni 1-2, lokacin da tushen yayi girma cikin tsayi sama da 2 cm, ana iya dasa shukar a cikin ƙasa.
Kula! Kafin amfani, dole ne a saka ruwa aƙalla awanni 24 zuwa chlorine yanayi da abubuwanta. In ba haka ba, wani karamin gidan kashin na iya mutu.
Kafin a dasa tushen murfin a cikin ƙasa, a kurkura sosai a shafe tukwane a ciki inda za'a dasa shukar. Bayan wannan, ya kamata a sanya matattarar ruwa da ƙasa mai shimfiɗa a ƙasan tankokin. Sa'an nan kuma ba da ruwa kuma a wani wuri a tsaye, zurfafa stalk a cikin ƙasa (zuwa zurfin 5 mm). Yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 30 don ɗaukar tushen murtsunguwa.
Tushen tushe
Canza zuwa wani tukunya
Yadda za a dasa shuki a cikin wata tukunyar? Bayan shirya tukunya da ƙasa, da kuma cika dukkan abubuwan da aka bayyana a cikin ɓangarorin da suka gabata, zaku iya ci gaba zuwa jujin kai tsaye a cikin tukunyar. Wannan na bukatar:
- don samun fure daga tsohuwar ganga kuma a hankali ta girgiza tushen daga yalwar ƙasa;
- rike, canja wurin shuka zuwa sabon tukunya. An ba da shawarar dasa katangar a cikin babban akwati;
- rike da murtsunguwa a hannu ɗaya, kyauta don zuba sabo ƙasa musamman da aka shirya musamman a kewayen rhizome;
- yayin cika tanki, ba lallai ba ne don latsa ƙasa. Bayan ruwa da yawa, ɓangaren ƙasa zai sag, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ƙara ƙarin ƙasa kaɗan zuwa matakin da ake buƙata.
Mahimmanci! Cactus shine tsiro mai tsini, sabili da haka, lokacin cire shi daga tukunya, dole ne a kiyaye matakan aminci. Ya kamata a nannade fure tare da jarida, tawul ko wani sutura. Kuna buƙatar yin wannan ta hanyar da allura ba su shiga fata ba lokacin hutawarsa.
Bayan dasawa, murtsunkar yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Gaskiya ne don farkon farkon furen zama a cikin sabon tukunya.
Kulawar ƙuraje
Kasar gona da ruwa
Don manyan furanni tare da kara mai yawa bayan dasawa, kuna buƙatar shigar da tallafi (na makonni 2-3). Wannan zai ba da damar tushen murtsunguwa suyi aiki sosai. Amincewa da dokokin dasawa, inji zai iya daidaita da sauri zuwa sabuwar ƙasa, kuma ba da jimawa ba za'a iya cire tallafin.
Mahimmanci! Nan da nan bayan dasawa, ya kamata ba a shayar da gidan cactus ba. A cikin kwanaki 4-5, ana buƙatar ba da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi kaɗan.
Manyan miya
Ba a da ake so a takin nan da nan bayan an yi ɗimin. An bada shawara a jira makonni 2-4 sannan kawai sai a fara takin ƙasa. Ya kamata a ciyar da shi sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14-15 (tare da fure mai yawa - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 10). Ciyar da fure yakamata ya kasance bayan an sha ruwa.
Haushi
Don hana bushewa, ya kamata a rufe fure da filastik. Wannan zai haifar da kara zafi, wanda shuka a lokacin rashin ruwa na iya jin kwanciyar hankali.
Haske
Don haɓaka al'ada, furen yana buƙatar kyakkyawan haske. Cactus tsire-tsire ne mai hoto, saboda haka ya kamata a sanya shi a kan taga a gefen kudu. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to za a iya dasa shukar a gefen windowsill na yamma ko gabashin. Idan garin murtsunguwa ya kasance a arewacin, to lallai ne a tsara ƙarin walƙiya a gare shi.
Hanyar juyewar ƙasa da kanta ba ta da rikitarwa kamar yadda ake gani da farko. Ba lallai ba ne ya zama ƙwararre a cikin wannan al'amari, tun lokacin dasawa ya kasance har ma da fararen lambu.
