Hibiscus (fure na kasar Sin) dangi ne na mummunar cuta, wanda aka yadu a cikin yankunan da ke da kwari da kuma wurare masu zafi.
Wannan fure yana da nau'ikan iri: ana samun amfanin gona, ciyawa da bishiyoyi.
Iri da nau'ikan hibiscus na lambu
A yanayi, kusan nau'ikan wardi na kasar Sin 300. A tsakiyar yankin tare da yanayin yanayi, kawai wasu daga cikinsu na iya girma da girma:
- Siriya - tsayin mita 5-6, yana nufin tsatsauran tsinkaye. Ganyayyaki masu launin ƙwai masu fure tare da furanni ɗaya a cikin inuwa daban-daban.
- Duc de Brabant wani nau'in hibiscus ne na Siriya wanda ya girma zuwa mita 2 a tsayi, gangar jikin ita ce launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi, ganyen yana cike da duhu duhu cikin launi. Blooms a furanni biyu na shuɗi da launuka ja duk rani.
- Ardens shine shuki mai disidu mai zurfin gaske har zuwa mita 1.5 tare da ƙwanƙwasa da ƙwanƙwasa kyakkyawa, ganyayyaki sun fandare, lobed uku a siffar, farantin kore. Blooms tare da fure shuɗi furanni.
- Tirniti - girma a cikin Afirka, itace ingantacciya. Ana kiranta saboda haka saboda tsarin tsalle-tsalle na ganyayyaki guda uku, an samar da rawaya mai launin rawaya tare da ja ja daga cikin sinuses.
- Hybrid - wani perennial shuka tare da manyan furanni dabam dabam.
- Grassy - nau'in sanyi-mai sanyin sanyi na hibiscus, lokacin furanni daga watan Agusta zuwa Satumba. The mai tushe sun manyan, kama da sunflower, furanni fari ne ko ruwan hoda mai haske.
- Fadama - wani nau'in perennial tare da ganye mai siffar zuciya da lilac, rasberi, furanni masu launin shuɗi da shunayya. Yana tsayayya da sanyi ƙasa zuwa -30 ° C.
Saukowa daga waje
Dasa a cikin ƙasa furanni yana gudana ne a cikin bazara har sai sanyi. Kuna iya shuka a cikin kaka, amma a lokaci guda tushe na gangar jikin dole ne a rufe shi da Pine haushi ko spruce rassan.
Furen fure na kasar Sin na iya girma a wuri guda na kusan shekaru 20, babban abinda ke faruwa shi ne cewa, gonar tana gefen gefen rana ne kuma an rufe ta daga iska da kuma zane. Shouldasa ta kasance mai wadatacciyar ƙasa da shimfiɗa, dole ne ta wuce iska da ruwa da kyau.
Fasaha na dasa hibiscus a cikin filin bude:
- An haƙa rami mai zurfin ƙasa, wanda ya kamata ya ninka biyu kamar jefa, tunda tushen yana buƙatar sarari mai yawa.
- Ja zurfin santimita 4-5 daga zurfin ƙasa, fashewar tubali, yumɓu mai yumɓu, ƙwallan kumfa da tsakuwa zasu yi.
- Yankin da aka haɗe tare da takin, humus, peat da ganye na ƙasa 16-18 cm lokacin farin ciki yana zuba akan matattarar magudanar ruwa.
- Seedwanin ƙwayar hibiscus ya gangara zuwa ramin kuma yana da tushe sosai, yana da mahimmanci cewa tushen wuyansa ya zama daidai tare da ƙasa. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a shuka shuka yadda yakamata a ramin.
- Bayan an cika rami cike da ƙasa, ana shuka tsiron kuma an shayar dashi.
An dasa Hibiscus a lokacin bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara kafin a fara fure. Dole ne a cire Tushen babba a sama, kuma shugabar ta motsa zuwa wani sabon wuri tare da dunƙule na duniya, saboda tsarin tushen bai lalace ba. Kafin dasa shuki, kambi ya ɗan daɗaɗa shi sosai domin shuka ya zama da sauri sosai a cikin sabon yanki.
Kiwon Harkar Hibiscus
Hibiscus yana haɓaka da kyau a kan ƙasa loamy kuma baya yarda da ƙasan dutse. M malalewa da kuma namo na yau da kullun, kamar yadda daji ya mutu a cikin marshy da ƙasa waterlogged. A lokacin bazara, fure na kasar Sin yana buƙatar gina gidan kore, tunda yana son zafi da zafi sosai, a lokacin rani ana tsabtace gine-ginen.
Idan nau'in ciyawa ya girma a kan wani shafi, ya kamata a shayar da shi sau da yawa, musamman a farkon watanni bayan dasa. Bayan shukar shuki na fure don rage danshi.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin bazara don wintering mai nasara, yana da kyau a yanke ciyawar ƙasa a ginin shuka. Tare da rufe fir rassan bishiyoyi ko haushi na Pine. Bayan daji, ruwa mai yalwa, sassauta ƙasa a tushen, yanke rassan da takin tare da takin zamani. Tare da kulawa da hankali, ƙwayar ta fure daga Agusta zuwa Satumba.
Ana gudanar da ruwa a yayin da ƙasa ke bushewa a gindin hibiscus, ruwan ya kamata ya kasance a zazzabi a ɗaki, a cikin yanayi mai zafi adadinsa yana ninki biyu. Idan shuka ba shi da isasshen danshi, to yana rage ganyayyaki.
Haɓaka daji wajibi ne a lokacin bazara da bazara, tare da nisan sau biyu a mako. Cakuda takin zamani mai dacewa.
Noma na yau da kullun na ƙasa yana taimakawa tsarin tushen numfashi kuma a cika shi da abubuwan gina jiki.
Yana da kyau a datsa wardi na kasar Sin a lokacin bazara ko Yuni, tana da tasiri mai kyau akan fure, yana ba da kyakkyawan tsari da tsabta. Nau'in Trimming:
- Thinning, wanda a ciki ake cire rauni da tsufa;
- Ana yin motsawa a cikin Maris-Afrilu kuma ya wajaba don haɓaka mai kyau da farkon fure;
- Kuskure, tare da taimakonsa, an ba da kamannin daidai da na ado ga kambin itacen;
- Autumn ne da za'ayi bayan fure.
Youngan itace yana buƙatar kulawa ta dace kafin rashin himma: dole ne a yanke shi, an shayar da shi da yawa tare da rassan spruce, humus, takin ko ciyawa mai bushe. Bayan kunsa tare da zane na auduga da kuma tanƙwara ƙasa, zaku iya amfani da mini-greenhouse na musamman.
Fasali na kiwo hibiscus
Yaduwar shuka yana faruwa ne ta hanyoyi uku.
Tsaba
An dasa shuka daga marigayi Janairu zuwa Maris. Kafin shuka iri, ya zama dole don yin tsayayya da shi a cikin mafita mai ƙarfi na potassiumgangan na rabin sa'a, to, ku saukar da shi cikin mafita tare da mai haɓaka mai haɓaka na rana guda ɗaya. Bayan haka, ana shuka kayan dasa a cikin akwati tare da peat da yashi, a rufe da fim ko gilashi. Zazzabi a cikin tukunyar dole ne ya zama akalla 27 ° C. A lokacin rana, kar ka manta da bude polyethylene kuma bar iska ta shiga cikin seedling, kazalika da ruwa da shi sosai kuma a cikin dace lokaci. Da zaran farkon ganye 3 na farko sun bayyana, kuna buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin tukwane daban-daban, don samar musu da ingantaccen haske. Landasa a kan shafin a ƙarshen Mayu.
Yankan
Yanke harbe tare da internodes uku kuma ku bi da ƙananan sashin ɓangaren shuka tare da mai haɓaka mai haɓaka. Bayan dasawa a cikin tukunya da peat filler kuma a saka a cikin greenhouse tare da zazzabi ba ƙasa da + 27 ° C. Da zaran harbe sun yi tushe, suna bukatar a pinched kuma a dasa su a cikin kwantena daban-daban. Zuba turɓaya ƙasa da yashi a cikin tukunya. Da zaran daji ya girma, ana iya dasa shi a kan gidan rani. Za a fara amfani da ruwa a farkon shekara bayan dasa shuki.
Rhizome rabo
Haƙa hibiscus daga rami, gano babban tushe kuma yanke shi zuwa sassa biyu. Nan da nan bi da yanki tare da ash, kuma binne sabon tushe a cikin rami tare da katako da aka sare, a baya ana bi da shi tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka. Zuba tare da ruwa mai ɗumi.
Babban matsalolin lokacin girma a cikin lambu
Kwayar cutar hibiscus ta shafi kwari kuma tana iya saurin kamuwa da cututtuka:
- Dabbobin da ke da hatsarin gaske ga fure na kasar Sin sune aphids da ticks. Kuna iya adana shuka daga harin waɗannan kwari ta hanyar dasa lavender na kusa, da kuma lokacin bazara. Wannan zai tsoratar da aphids kuma a lokaci guda ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan tsarin fure a cikin yankin. Idan irin waɗannan tsire-tsire ba sa son a dasa su, to, zaku iya kula da shuka tare da kwari. A cikin yaƙar mite gizo-gizo, dole ne kuyi aiki tuƙuru, tunda yana da wuyar cirewa, kuna buƙatar amfani da kayan aikin musamman: Fitoverm, Taurus.
- Babban cutar daji shine chlorosis. Yana farawa daga rashin ƙarfe da nitrogen. Bar a hankali juya launin rawaya, fada a kashe, matasa harbe zama rufe da rawaya Bloom da lanƙwasa. Don guje wa wannan, kuna buƙatar ciyar da hibiscus a kai a kai, idan cutar ta riga ta ci gaba, to, gabatar da chelate baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa kuma bugu da sprayari yana fesa ganye tare da shi.
- Yellowing na ganye mai yiwuwa ne saboda busasshiyar ƙasa, ya kamata a ƙara yawan ruwa, kuma matsalar za ta tafi da kanta. Hakanan, wannan mummunan yanayin na iya faruwa saboda rauni na tushen tsarin yayin dasawa ko kwance ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyawawa don ƙarfafa tushen bishiyar ta hanyar sanya su a cikin mafita na haɓaka da haɓaka tushe, alal misali, Kornevin, da kuma fesa su da ganye.
- Fadowa da ganye daga wata itaciya halayyar Sirrin hibiscus ce ta Siriya, tunda ta kasance nau'in halitta ne mai lalacewa. Don ƙwanƙwan ciyawa, mutuwar maɗaukacin ɓangarorin iska kafin sanyi. Idan ya fara gaban jadawalin kuma ganyayyaki sun fara juye da launin toka, to kuna buƙatar kula da tsirrai a daidai yadda suke da launin rawaya.
Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawara: yadda za a shirya hibiscus don hunturu?
Don kyakkyawan girma da fure mai yawa a cikin shekara mai zuwa, ya kamata a shirya dajin yadda yakamata domin hunturu:
- Don farawa, ƙayyade iri-iri na hibiscus: sanyi-mai iya jure kawai tare da lapnik, da zafin-zafi don canja wurin zuwa tukunyar a cikin wurin dumi don hunturu. Dole ne a ɗauka a hankali cewa itace-kamar iri-iri yana jefa ganye don hunturu.
- Ciyar da tushen tsarin tare da potassium a cikin kaka, dakatar da ciyar da takin nitrogen.
- Ruwa har sai sanyi na farko 1 lokaci cikin makonni 2.
- Dumi kasar gona a gindi na bishiyar tare da bishiyar Pine, sawdust, takin ko humus tare da kauri na 10 santimita.
- Rufe hibiscus tare da kayan abu na musamman ko gina greenhouse.
Shuka hibiscus na lambun (fure na kasar Sin) lamari ne mai sauki, idan ka bi duk ka'idodi da shawarwari, to furen zai zama ainihin adon lambu.
