Cordilina - kulawa ta gida, hoto, iri

Cordylina (Cordylina) - tsire-tsire mai perennial daga dangin Agave. Ana samo shi a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da ƙasa mai zurfi na Brazil, New Zealand, Australia. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, ya girma itace mai ƙarfi yada har zuwa tsayi 16 m.

Yawancin lokaci a gida itacen ya kai 35 - 90 cm, amma an san nau'ikan da suke girma a gida har zuwa 1.5 m. shuka, ingantaccen ganye a ƙuruciya, da sauri ya rasa ganye cikin shekaru. Gangar jikin tana kauri, kuma daji ta zama kamar itacen dabino mai tsayi tare da kayan ganye a saman.

Tsarin sililin gida ba da wuya yayi fure ba. Kowane shekaru 3 yana samar da dogon ƙarancin pan pan tare da furanni masu launin tauraro. Bambanci a cikin canza launi da bambancin fuskar ganye. Zasu iya zama ba kawai kore ba, har ma da mulufi, shunayya, burgundy tare da raɗaɗin ratsa tare da ganye.

Yadda zaka rarrabe silili da dracaena

Cordilina galibi kuskure ga wata shuka mai kama da ita - dracaena. Bambancin bayyane yana cikin ganyayyaki. Ganyen Cordilina yana da petioles, jijiya yana gudana a tsakiyar ganyayyaki, ragowar yana rarrabuwa daga gare ta. Ganyen dracaena ba su da petioles; veins akan ganyen dracaena suna kan layi daya da juna.

Tushen dracaena madaidaiciya, akan yanke - orange-yellow. A sililin an rufe shi da ƙugiya da cones (sunan ya fito daga nan, a cikin Hellenanci cordylle - "mazugi, ƙulli"), a kan yanke - fari. 'Ya'yan itacen dracaena sun ƙunshi zuriya 1, fruitan itacen corilina - har 20.

Kulawar Cordilina a gida (a takaice)

A gida, ba duk nau'in ire-iren igiyoyi da ke tsiro a cikin daji ba za su iya girma ba: rashin haske, sarari da bushewar iskar gida suna shafar ta. Cordilina a gida yana girma sosai idan kun kirkiro yanayi mai kyau ga mata:

Dankin ba shi da ma'ana, amma akwai fasali na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Don ƙaramin gangar jiki don yin tsayayya da ɗaukar nauyi na ganye, ana samun goyan bayan ta - bututu wanda aka rufe da firam ɗin kwakwa, ko sanduna. Wani daji mai karen toka ya girma ba tare da tallafi ba. Itace ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga zayyana da digo mai kaifi.

Don motsa bayyanar sababbin ganye, lokaci-lokaci yanke rauni harbe. Ana goge ganyen a kai a kai tare da zane mai laushi mai laushi don daskararru da tsaftace farfajiyar su.

Kula da stringilina a gida. Daki-daki

Tsarin sililin gida ba shi da ma'ana, ta saba da yanayin da mahaifarta ta kirkira a cikin gidan. Da kyau, idan sun kasance mafi kyau duka, to lokacin da haɓaka “dabino na karya” za a iya guje wa matsaloli da yawa.

Cordilina dasa

Dasa igiƙar ƙwayar cuta hanya ce mai mahimmanci wanda ciyawar shuka take dogara. Cordilina yana son ƙasa mai ɗan acidic (pH a kusa da 6.5). Canasa za a iya shirya kanta da wuri ta ƙara yanki ɗaya na yashi (perlite) da peat zuwa sassa 3 na ƙasar lambun. Zaku iya siyan cakudadden fure na duniya.

An zaɓi tukunya don shuka na manya har ƙasa: harbe na a kaikaice na cordilin ba kadan, tsarin tushen ya yi zurfi. A matsayin magudanar ruwa, ana sanya lokacin farin ciki da yumbu mai kauri ko tubalin da ya fashe a kasan sa. Yi aiki tare da daji a hankali don kada ku lalata asalin sa. Gwada kada ku zurfafa tushen wuya.

Sau da yawa ana shuka shukar daji kusa da nan: don haka tsirarren tsire-tsire mai rauni ya zama mafi kyan gani. Manyan iri an shuka su dabam. A cikin wani gida, silililaina yana girma akan katako mai tsayi ko akan windowsill.

Saukar igiya

Flow stringilina a gida ne da wuya. Sau da yawa sililin yakan yi niyya girma kamar tsiro na fure mai kayan ado.

Kawai girma bushes fure, forming kananan stellate furanni da wani cream ko purple a kan dogon peduncles. Yawancin nau'in suna buƙatar hunturu mai sanyi don fure.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Don fure fure don jin kwanciyar hankali a gida, ana bada shawara don kiyaye tsarin zazzabi.

Yana da Dole a kula da yawan zafin jiki koyaushe daga + 18 - 23 ° C a cikin ɗakin. Idan ba a shayar da daji a cikin hunturu ba, zai iya jure har zuwa + 13 ° C. Ana kiyaye Cordilina daga daftarin ruwa da faɗuwar zazzabi mai kaifi.

Fesa

Fesa - hanya mai amfani ga shuka mai zafi. Tare da taimakonsa, stringilina yana samun karin danshi da yake buƙata. Matsayin zafi ya kamata ya zama 80%.

A lokacin zafi da lokacin dumama, ana yayyafa ganyen bishiyar da ruwa mai tsayawa sau daya a rana. Ana yin wannan mafi kyau a maraice ko a cikin yanayin girgije. Bayan hanya, shading ya zama dole don rana ta ƙone ganye.

Haske

Domin silili ya inganta da kyau, kulawar gida ta ƙunshi samun isasshen haske. Yankuna tare da ganye kore suna girma kullum tare da ɗan girgiza shagali, nau'in ganye tare da ganyayyaki na wasu launuka sun gwammace yaduwar haske mai haske, don haka ya fi kyau sanya madaurin silin a kan windows yana fuskantar gabas, arewa maso gabas da arewa maso yamma.

Idan windows suna fuskantar kudu ko yamma, ana keɓe shuka daga taga kuma inuwa ta rufe shi. Idan babu isasshen hasken halitta, ana sanya fitilun mai kyalli (wasu masu girbi suna ba da shawara lallai sun haɗa da nau'in phytolamps na nau'in halittu).

Watse

Cordilina Yana son matsakaiciyar ruwa. Yawan wuce haddi yana haifar da jujjuya asalinsu. Hakanan ba zai yuwu ba a bar kasar a tukunyar ta bushe ta bushe. Ana shayar da Cordilina idan ganyen ya bushe zuwa zurfin cm 3. A cikin hunturu, ana yin wannan sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 7, a wasu lokuta - sau 2 cikin kwanaki 7.

Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa jinsin da ke dafe-daɗewa a lokacin rani suna buƙatar ƙarin danshi fiye da waɗanda ke kunkuntar. Shayar da ruwa mai ɗumi, mai daɗin zama; ciyawa tare da kwandon kwakwa ko kwandon shara.

Lokaci-lokaci, ana yin ɗumi mai ɗumi don shakatar da shuka da kuma wanke ƙura a ganye.

Tashar Cordilina

Karo na farko da aka dasa bishiyar a cikin karamin kwandon shara, yayin da yake girma, ana yin girman dutsen da ganga da 1.5 cm idan aka kwatanta da na baya. A shuka Forms 'yan gefen harbe. Saboda haka, tukunya don igiya na buƙatar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya, don babu abin da zai hana motsi daga tushe zuwa ƙasa.

Ba shi da daraja ɗaukar tukunya da girma da yawa ga karamin daji: Tushen ba zai sami damar yin tarko a cikin ƙasa ba, za su fara juji. Dole kasan yana da ramuka na magudanar ruwa.

Cordilina na farko

Cordilin a gida na iya girma da kyau a cikin haɗin dabino na duniya wanda zaku iya saya. Kuna iya shirya ƙasa don stringilina da kanka, ɗaukar 1 ɓangaren peat da yashi, 3 sassa na ƙasa mai lambun. Lokacin zabar ƙasa, yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa shuka yana son ƙasa shine ɗan acidic ko tsaka tsaki (pH a cikin kewayon 6 - 6, 5), sako-sako da kuma m. Wani lokaci ana inganta abin da keɓaɓɓen tare da gawayi na gawayi na birgima (yana karewa daga daskararru) ko buhun bulo (zai haɓaka friability).

Shredded gansakuka da wasu gonar gona suna kara zuwa duniya ƙasa. Don kare ƙwayoyin cuta daga cututtuka da kwari, an yayyafa ƙasa ko daskararre. Ana sanya zaren lãka a ƙasan tukunyar don gujewa yin ɓarna da ruwa da ƙurar ƙasa.

Taki da taki

Ciyar da takin zamani yana da mahimmanci ga ci gaban jituwa na shuka. Suna yin hakan don karancin abinci mai gina jiki wanda ke ƙaruwa da ƙwayoyin cuta a lokacin haɓaka mai girma. Wannan yakan faru ne daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa farkon Satumba.

Fertilizing ne da za'ayi tare da hadaddun ma'adinai da takin mai magani don tsire-tsire na gida - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 14 (ana saka ruwa da ruwa tare da dumi, ruwa a zauna, ana amfani dashi bayan shayarwa). Yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da kayan miya na sama da maraice ko a cikin yanayin gizagizai. Daga tsakiyar Satumba zuwa Maris da ƙarshen Maris, ƙwayar siliki ta huta, a wannan lokacin ba shi yiwuwa a taɓar da haɓakar sa, don kar a lalata shuka.

Cordilina dasawa

Ana aiwatar da aikin Cordilina a bazara. Ana amfani da kananan bishiyoyi a kowace shekara, masu girma - bayan shekaru 3, lokacin da Tushen ya rufe dukkan ƙammar dunƙule. Idan ƙwayar cuta ba ta haifar da damuwa kuma tana haɓaka kullun, yana da kyau kada a share shi: kowane juyawa shine damuwa ga itacen. Wani lokaci ana yin juyawa ne sau da yawa (idan daji ya yi ƙarfi sosai, kuma tushen sa ya fito daga ramin magudanar ruwa, ko akasin haka, ci gaban ya tsaya; Tushen suna juyawa; kwari sun zauna a ƙasa).

An dasa itacen girma zuwa cikin sabon akwati, wanda girmansa ya fi 1.5 cm girma fiye da tsohon, yana ƙoƙarin kada ya lalata tushen. Za ku iya sabunta saman-abinci sau ɗaya a shekara. Bayan sayan, ana lura da itaciya tsawon kwanaki: shin akwai wasu cututtuka, kwari a cikin ƙasa.

Idan itacen ya shafa, yi amfani da maganin kashe kwari da sanyawa cikin sabon tukunya. Bayan dasawa, ana ajiye sinadarin a cikin inuwa na tsawon kwanaki saboda ya dace da sabbin yanayi. Bayan makonni 2, zaku iya ciyarwa.

Mai jan tsami

Pruning na rauni harbe ake bukata domin stringilina rejuvenation da kuma samuwar wani m leafy kambi, domin sa sa ci gaban da a kai buds. An yanke saman daji tare da wuka mai tsabta mai tsabta (yana da mahimmanci cewa wannan gutsutsuren ya kasance aƙalla 6 cm, yana da ganyayyaki da yawa kuma baya kore, amma launin ruwan kasa mai haske, i.e. ɗan ƙaramin lignified).

An yanke wuraren da aka yanka tare da foda gawayi. Bayan makonni 2, harbe matasa zai bayyana a kan yanka. Saman ya kafe a ruwa ko cakuda yashi da peat. Bayan bayyanar Tushen, an dasa shi a cikin karamin tukunya.

Lokacin hutawa

Lokacin shuka dormancy ya faɗi a ƙarshen kaka - farkon bazara. A wannan lokacin, cordilina yana dakatar da lokacin girma kuma yana samun ƙarfi. An sake shirya bishiyar a cikin daki mai sanyi. Domin kada ya daskare tushen sa, an sanya tukunya a kan babban yanki na itace ko polystyrene.

A zazzabi na + 15 ° C, ana rage ruwa da yafa ruwa.

Don nau'in nau'in halitta, an saka ƙarin LED ko fitilun fitila. Yayin hutawa, ba a ciyar da ƙwayar cuta.

Sake bugun igiyar

Sake bugun igiyar ta yiwu cikin hanyoyi da yawa:

Yaduwa na Rhizome

Aauki daji daga tukunya. An wanke rhizome. An raba guntu tare da wuka mai tsabta mai tsabta. An yanke wuraren da aka yanke tare da foda na alkama, an bushe shi kuma an dasa shi a cikin cakuda mai laushi don tushen (peat, yashi, ƙasa, an ɗauka a daidai allurai). Tare da rufe polyethylene. Ana kiyaye sapling a + 25 ° C, an shayar, an sanyaya shi, an feshe shi. Wata daya baya, lokacin da tushen yayi girma, dasa shi a cikin tukunya mafi girma.

Farfadowa da igiya ta hanyar yanka

Yaduwa ta hanyar yanke: ɗauka daga sama ko tushe na karkiya mai shan iska, yana da nono 1 zuwa 4 (kimanin 12 cm). Dasa a cikin ƙasa don tushen (apical stalk za a iya kafe a cikin ruwa ta ƙara mai stimulator tushen samuwar). Ruwa da murfi tare da jaka. Dauke da + 27 ° C Kula da seedling. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 30, lokacin da tushen ya bayyana, ana jujjuya shi a cikin tukunya.

Girma stringilina daga tsaba

Tsaba don shuka suna buƙatar sabo (suna rasa asarar su da sauri). Suna cikin soyayyen "Epin" ko "Zircon", wanda aka shuka a cikin bazara a cakuda ƙasa da yashi (1: 1). Tsaba yana girma ba tare da wata ƙa'ida ba, germinate na dogon lokaci. Ger Ger a cikin karamin-greenhouses a + 28 ° C.

Dukkan hanyoyin suna da sauki, amma mafi mashahuri sune farkon 2. Tsaba a cikin ciyawar gida igiya da wuya a haifeshi, kodayake itaciyar da aka girma daga zuriya tana dacewa da yanayin ɗakuna.

Cutar da kwari

Cordilina shine tsire-tsire marasa fassara. Idan kun fara ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace, cututtuka da kwari zasu wuce shi, in ba haka ba daji zai sha wahala a hankali, yana nuna alamun waje na matsalolin:

• ganye na silili na roba - wuce haddi danshi (tushen saman);
• haske da bushe aibobi akan ganye - haske mai yawa (inuwa);
• launin ruwan kasa mai haske akan ganyeillin ganye - rashin danshi (zuba ruwa mai yawa, rufe tare da fim kuma sanya shi a cikin inuwa don sa'o'i da yawa);
• ganye ya zama taushi, ganye na ganye yana yin duhu, yana fita curl - shuka yana da sanyi (sake shirya a cikin wurin dumi);
• tukwici da gefuna na ganyen sililin suna bushe, ƙananan ganye suna bushe - iska mai bushe sosai a cikin ɗakin (fesa; idan ƙananan ganye akan ƙwayar ƙwayar balaga ta faɗi - sabon abu na ilimin halayyar al'ada, cire ganye a cikin lokaci);
• launin ganye yana bushewa - karancin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske);
• cordilina yayi girma sosai - rashin wadatar abinci (abinci);
• a cikin cordilina bar rot da kuma fada - wuce haddi danshi da hypothermia (sake shiryawa a cikin wani wurin dumi, saka idanu mai ruwa);
• ganye ya zama ja ya mutu - bushe iska, raunin abinci (yaduwa, abinci);
• ganye bushe, amma ba su bushe, harbe rasa elasticity - cututtukan fungal (ana amfani da fungicides; idan Tushen ya lalace, sai a kaɗa ƙwararren haɗuwar).

A cikin daki mai busasshiyar iska, zafi mai zafi, ƙwayar cuta ta ɓarke, ƙwayar mealybug, aphids, thrips, da kuma gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Karin kwari suna jawo hankalin musamman da m ganye na matasa shuke-shuke. Zai yi wuya a yaƙi da kwari, ya fi kyau kada a yarda bayyanar su.

Nau'in gidan siligina gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Cilin gida na wakilta nau'ikan 5. Dukkanin su mashahuri ne.

Cordilina apical (dabino) / Cordyline terminalis (fruticosa)

Mafi mashahuri nau'in gidan silili. An saka akwati na bakin ciki (diamita har zuwa 1.5 cm). Nagantaccen ganye - 10 cm, tsawon - cm 50. Tsawon tsagi na daga cikin shimfida ya kai 0, 15 m. Green lanceolate ganye tare da ratsi ko karar launuka daban-daban (rasberi, haske ruwan hoda, ja). Inflorescence ne mai sako-sako da panicle.

Ba a rarraba Cordilina (Cordyline indivisa)

Mafi kyawun fassarar nau'in igiyar gida. Ganyen suna da tsawo da fadi. Green tare da jan rawaya ko rawaya a tsakiyar. Wasu lokuta suna da rami na bakin ciki tare da gefen.

Cordilina kudu (Cordyline australis)

Dogon ganye mai fadi A saman an tattara su a bunch. Wani fitila mai launin kore yana gudana tare da farantin takardar. Paniculate dogon inflorescences an kafa ta da farin m furanni. Yana kama da dabino.

Cordilina madaidaiciya (Cordyline stricta)

Babban madaidaicin akwati. Bar dogon lanceolate mai layi ko layi-layi a sifa. Fentin kore ko shunayya. Fensir yanki - 3 cm, tsawon - har zuwa 60 cm.

Cordilina Banks (Cordyline bankii)

Gangar jikin kai tsaye na bakin ciki. Elongated lanceolate ganye tare da dogon petioles suna hade. Ganyayyaki kore ne, mai launin ja da launin toka-launin toka. Yana son mai sanyi.

Cordilina, ma'ab ofcin ɗan kwalliya mai haske, mai dacewa da yanayin gida. Saurin haɓaka, juriya da rashin daidaituwa ya sanya shi kyakkyawan shuka don gidan. Dankun yana farantawa da kyawawan tsintsayen ganye duk tsawon shekara, idan aka kula da shi sosai.