Gerbera

Gerbera (Gerbera) - shuka na iyali Asteraceae, kusan rabin mita tare da dogayen manyan furanni daban-daban. Haihuwar gerbera ƙasar Afirka ta kudu ce, har ma tsibirin Madagascar. Wannan tsiro mai perennial tare da matsakaici mai saurin girma yana girma kamar kayan ado na ado don ciki, gami da yankan.

Manyan furanni na gerbera tare da kwandon na iya zama biyu mai laushi kuma mai santsi, tare da tushen farin ko sautunan duhu. Matsakaicin lokacin furanni shine watanni 2. Shekarun furen fure ba su wuce shekaru 3.

Lura kuma shuke-shuke da Jacobine Gloriosa.

Dukiya mai amfani

Gerbera - wani m flower tare da m ƙanshi, wanda a gida ba zai cutar da koda masu matsalar rashin lafiyan ko asma ba. Wannan furanni yana aiki azaman tsabtace iska na iska wanda ke tace oxygen daga abubuwan rashin lahani. Bugu da kari, kayan amfani mai mahimmanci na gerbera shine ikon kula da bayyanar ado na fure na kusan wata daya.

Asali Gerbera Care

Gerbera a gida yana ɗaukar tushen kyakkyawa cikin sauri kuma baya haifar da matsala da yawa, idan kun bi mahimman abubuwan kulawar fure, gwanaye:

Gerbera kulawa a gida

Wadannan da saye da shuka sa shi yiwuwa a yi girma tushen a cikin halin yanzu yanayi na game da makonni biyu. Mafi sau da yawa, wanda aka sayi gerbera wanda ya saya bayan ya mutu bayan fure, tunda yawanci waɗannan furanni suna amfani da abun ciki na greenhouse, wanda ke samar da yanayin da ake buƙata da haske don akalla awanni 12 a rana. Kuma nan da nan bayan sayan, fure gerbera a gida koyaushe ba zai iya dacewa da sabon wuri ba, kuma a sakamakon haka, tsiron yana samar da ganye kawai ba tare da inflorescences ba, ko ya mutu.

Amma zaka iya ƙoƙarin ajiye gerbera da aka siya. Don yin wannan, makonni biyu bayan sayan, ba tare da ma jiran cikakkiyar fure ba, ana dasa tsire a cikin tukunyar da ke da ƙarin wuta tare da sauyawa na ƙasa kantin sayar da ɗan lokaci.

Gerbera mai fure

Tare da kula dace da ikon ji dadin gerbera furanni sau da yawa a shekara. A daya shuka a lokaci guda game da 5-6 inflorescences iya Bloom, kamar camomile. Girman dutsen furanni yana da girma babba - 5 cm, tare da furannin da aka saba, "terry" ko allura mai siffa. Yawancin tabarau na gerbera yana ba ku damar yin ado da kowane ciki tare da wannan fure. Bugu da kari, tare da kulawar da ta dace, tsirran ya kasance sabo ne a kalla tsawon wata daya.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Muhimmiyar ma'ana a cikin kulawar gerbera shine kiyaye daidaiton zafin jiki duka a lokacin rani da damuna. A cikin farko idan ba za ka iya kauce wa zafi fiye da kima daga cikin flower, in ba haka ba hadarin da ba jira ga flowering lokaci. Matsakaicin da za'a yarda dashi a lokacin rani shine digiri 21.

A cikin hunturu, an aika tsire don “jinkiri”, a cikin daki mai sanyi tare da zazzabi wanda bai fi ƙarfin zafi sama da 14 tare da yiwuwar samun iska ta yau da kullun ba.

Fesa

Gida gerbera kusan ko da yaushe yana bukatar da za a fesa. A cikin hunturu, irin wannan ma'aunin zai taimaka don guje wa bushewa daga fure saboda aikin tsarin dumama. A lokacin rani, danshi yana ƙafewa da sauri daga farfajiya na ƙasa da kuma daga tsiron kanta, saboda yana feshe daidai wanda zai taimaka wajan daidaita ma'aunin da ake so, da nisantar tsagewa da lalacewar ganye, wanda zai yuwu idan kun yi nisa sosai da ruwa.

Don fesawa, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da bindiga da aka fesa da feshin feshin ruwa. Manyan droaurawar da suka faɗo kai tsaye akan furanni a rana na iya haifar da ƙonewar tabo.

Haske Gerbera

Safe ko da yamma taushi hasken rana Gerbera zai ji mai girma a kowace kakar. Yana da kyau kada a sauya shi ƙarƙashin hasken rana kai tsaye, in ba haka ba an tabbatar da yawan zafi da ƙonewa, wanda zai lalata fure kawai.

A cikin girgije, yanayin sanyi, ana bada shawara don tsara ƙarin jiyya na gerbera. Kawai a wannan yanayin, zaku iya dogaro da gaskiyar cewa furen zai rayu sama da shekara guda.

Watse

Matsakaici watering shine yanayin da ba makawa don nasarar ci gaban gerbera. Ko da a cikin yanayin zafi, ba za ku iya ambaliya shuka ba, tun da murfin murfin ƙasa yana haifar da jujjuyawar tushen ko kuma bayyanar cututtuka na fungal. Ka'idodi na shayar da wannan fure:

• saman Layer na kasar gona dole ba bushe zurfi fiye 2-3 cm
• a cikin hunturu, ya kamata a rage yawan ruwa, dokar tana aiki a nan - yana da kyau a ɗan ɗanɗana kaɗan fiye da yadda ake sha
• yi amfani kawai da kariya ko daskarewa, da ruwan sama
• idan bayan shayar da ruwa mai yawa ya tara a cikin kwanon rufi - dole ne a zuba.

Kasar

Gerbera shi ne manufa domin kowane sako-sako da permeable ƙasa. Misali:

• acid na azalea ƙasa;
• peat tare da perlite, wani sashi na kowane;
• ƙasa na duniya don kayan ado-fure tare da kwalliya na vermiculite;
• madadin peat, yashi da takin ƙasa tare da rabo na 1: 1: 2

Ko da kuwa abin da keɓaɓɓen ƙasa, an kuma ƙirƙiri babban magudanar ruwa - daga yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa, dutsen kwasfa ko ƙananan pebbles.

Taki da taki

Ga nasara ci gaban da wani flower dakin yana bukatar ƙarin micronutrients, ciki har da gerbera. Kulawar gida ya ƙunshi suturar shuka na yau da kullun, wanda aka kwashe watanni biyu bayan dasawa kuma daga baya kowace kwana goma. A mataki na girma na ganye, furen yana buƙatar takin mai ƙunshe da nitrogen. Bayan shuka ya kara karfi, tsarin ma'adinai ya zama dole ga tsire-tsire na fure, wanda zai isa, koda kuwa kunyi amfani da rabin kashi da aka bada shawarar.

Juyawa

Juyawa na cikin gida gerberas mafi yawanci ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar jigila, idan wannan ba shine farkon hanya ba bayan shagon. Shoplifter gona ya kamata gaba daya maye gurbin shi, kamar yadda ba ya dauke da gina jiki ga shuke-shuke, amma yana da stimulant magunguna don ajiye flowering nau'in. Don haka, a farkon juyawa bayan shagon, busassun ciyawar da yakamata ya kamata a ɗanƙano ɗan ƙaramin abu, dole ne a cire shuka sosai a hankali, an cire tushen gabaɗaya daga ƙasa kuma a goge shi cikin maganin kashe ƙwaro. Sa'an nan kuma sanya shi a cikin wani sabon tukunya da kuma tattalin ƙasa musamman.

A juyawa na gaba na gida, dunƙule na dunƙule tare da tsiro ya isa don canja wurin zuwa sabon tukunya ba tare da anfan tushen sa ba, kuma cika kofin furen tare da ɓataccen ƙasan ƙasa. An muhimmanci gargadi - a lokacin da transplanting Gerbera bar ta tushen wuyansa 2-3 cm sama da ƙasa surface, domin kauce wa samu ta fungal pathologies.

Lokacin hutawa

Gerbera a gida fure ba koyaushe da son rai ba. Don samun fure na yau da kullun, wajibi ne don ba da shuka ta huta a cikin hunturu. Wato, cire wilted inflorescences da ganye, sa a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi tare da zazzabi of about 12 digiri, bar iska ta shiga cikin dakin da kuma kula da matsakaici m ƙasa daidaita. Kusa da zuwa bazara, ana sanya fure cikin wuri mai dumi, idan ya cancanta, zaku iya shirya karamin-greenhouse.

Gerbera yaduwa

Ana aiwatar dashi mafi yawa ta hanyoyi biyu:

1. Sake bugun tafiyar matakai. A cikin wannan kamfani, ana amfani da matattara tare da ganye da ganyayyaki, wanda, nan da nan bayan rabuwa da babban shuka, ana shuka shi a cikin ƙasa peat tare da ƙari da yashi. Don hanzarta sakamako, ana bada shawara don tsara yanayin yanayi na kore - rufe sprout tare da jaka da wuri a cikin wuri mai dumi, mai iska. Bayan germination - zaka iya dasawa cikin ƙasa.
2. Girma gerbera daga tsaba. Idan ka zabi wannan hanya, shi ne zama dole ya zama jijjiga zuwa da yiwuwar cewa sakamakon za su jira tsayi. Farkon fure na irin wannan gerbera yana faruwa a cikin kusan shekara guda. Da farko, ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai peat a cikin kaset na musamman na seedling. Sa’annan an yayyafa su da yashi, aka fesa su kuma a sanya su cikin takin zamani. Bayan sati daya ko biyu ya nuna a fakaice na farko harbe. Bayan fitowar akalla ganye uku, sai su zaro. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, kawai tsaba daga shagon suna tsiro da kyau, da bambanci ga waɗanda aka samu a gida.

Cutar da kwari

Yi la’akari da sanadin cututtukan tsire-tsire masu yawa:

• duhu spots a cikin ganyayyaki gerberas yana nuna bayyanuwar cutar fungal;
• ganye juya launin ruwan kasa Phytophthora a raunuka da ya auku a ma m substrate nauyi watering.
• farin zanan a cikin ganyayyaki - wannan ba komai bane face mildew powder ko fizariosis - nau'in naman gwari;
• sararin samaniya daga ganyayyaki ya zama mai launin toka tare da chlorosis - ilimin cuta wanda ya haifar da rashin ƙarfe;
• ganye juya baki gerberas a cikin daki mai babban zafi, kazalika da ruwa mai nauyi tare da ruwan sanyi.
• ganye bushe a low humidification na flower, ko da wani wuce haddi barbarar aka gyara.
• jujjuyawar asalinsu saboda maimaita yawan ruwa da ruwa mai nauyi.
• ba ya yin fure a cikin yanayin rashin hasken rana koyaushe, haka kuma a cikin rashin lokacin hutu a lokacin sanyi.

Sauran cututtukan na gerbera na iya lalacewa ta hanyar bayyanar kwari - tsutsotsi, ƙwaya gizo-gizo ko fararen fata.

Nau'in gerbera da hotuna da kuma sunayen

Gerber Jameson

Yana fure a mafi yawan shekara, ya kai tsawo na cm 60. Tana da manyan furanni na chamomile kuma yana fita daga cm cm 10. Mafi yawancin lokuta fari ne, cream, pinkish, rasberi, ja da ruwan lemo-orange.

Gerbera Mini

Irin waɗannan gerberas ana amfani dasu sosai a cikin furannin furanni, saboda multivariance na launuka fure da ƙanƙan ƙananan: inflorescences tare da diamita ba fiye da cm cm ba, tsayin tsayi har zuwa cm 30. Wadannan furanni suna yawanci a cikin gida kamar daskararren tsire-tsire.

Iri iri na Gerbera

A halin yanzu nuna fiye da 70 iri na gerbera, kowanne daga abin yana da musamman launi. Mafi na kowa su ne:

• Orange gerbera. Waɗannan su ne nau'ikan: "Orangina", "Caroline mai daɗi", "zaki mai daɗi"

  "Orangina", "Caroline mai dadi", "zaki mai daɗi"

tare da tsakiyar lemun tsami tabarau da kuma bambance bambancen digiri na ɓatar da dabbobi.

• Jiki ja. Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan sune: "Jasmina" tare da farin faci da rawaya mai launin shuɗi, "Abin mamakin Mamaki" tare da cibiyar ruwan lemo, "Pam" - launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.

  "Jasmina", "Ga Mamaki", "Pam"

• Red gerberas. Mafi yawan abin tunawa: "Kyau mai haske" - inuwa mai launin furanni, "Rahila" - furanni masu launin shuɗi a hade tare da cibiyar fure, "Sophie" - inflorescences mai ruwan hoda-ja tare da madaidaicin haske.

  "Dadi mai haske", "Rahila", "Sophie"

• White gerbera. Daga cikinsu akwai shahararrun: "Valerie" - inuwa mai tsami tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda, "Catherine" - filayen allura da allura mai launin rawaya, "Sylvana" - a zahiri a zazzage infomrescences na yara.

  "Valerie", "Catherine", "Sylvana"