Freesia (Freesia) - tsire mai tsire-tsire na fure daga dangin Iris. Shekaru da yawa, kara suna iya girma zuwa mita ɗaya. Furen fure a gida sau biyu ne. Freesia tana tasowa sosai. Lokaci na fure ya dogara da lokacin shuka. Kwararan fitila da aka dasa a lokacin rani za su juye zuwa hutu mai cike da farin ciki Sabuwar Shekara.
Manyan furanni na iya samun launuka daban-daban. A vivo, ana samun su a sassa daban-daban na Afirka. Consideredasar freesia ana ɗaukar yankin Cape na Afirka Ta Kudu. Don haka, kyakkyawan itaciya, ƙanshinta wanda yayi kama da ruwan fure na kwarin, ana kiranta da Lily na kwarin. Don ƙyalli na buɗewar rabin furanni, ana kiran shi fure mai cancanci aristocrats.
Hakanan duba yadda ake girma arrowroot da araucaria.
| Matsakaicin rarar ci gaba. | |
| Yana fure a tsakiyar lokacin bazara. | |
| Itace mai sauki tayi girma. Ya dace da sabon shiga. | |
| Perennial shuka. |
Freesia: kulawar gida. A takaice
Wani lokacin freesia yana sa buƙatarta don yanayin gida kuma baya cikin sauri don yayi fure. Itatuwan zai yi fure tare da cinye kowane zuciya, idan ka kirkiri yanayi mai kyau game da ita:
| Yanayin Zazzabi | A cikin hunturu - ba fiye da + 23 ° C, a lokacin rani - har zuwa + 18 ° C. |
| Jin zafi | Sama da matsakaici, daga 60%. |
| Haske | Karye mai haske; windows da yamma sun dace. |
| Watse | a lokacin furanni - kusan sau 3 a mako, to, an rage yawan shayarwa. |
| Freesia ƙasa na dabino | Amfani ɗan fure na duniya ko cakuda madaidaicin allurai na ganye, humus, yashi, ƙasa mara nauyi, peat. |
| Taki da taki | A lokacin furanni, sau ɗaya kowace kwanaki 15 tare da ruwa na ruwa na duniya, wanda aka diluted a cikin rabin. |
| Freesia dabino dasa | Ku ciyar a shekara; Ana shuka corms daga ƙarshen Agusta zuwa farkon Disamba. |
| Kiwo | Yaran corms ko tsaba. |
| Siffofin Girma | Dankin yana da kara na bakin ciki, wanda yake da wahalar tsayayya da inflorescence mai nauyi. Don taimakawa Freesia tare da mutunci don riƙe "shugaban", kafa goyon baya. Furen yana jin daɗi a cikin shuka rukuni. Saboda haka, ana shuka corms da yawa a cikin tukunya ɗaya a lokaci guda. |
Freesia: kulawar gida. Daki-daki
Freesia shine tsire-tsire na cikin gida ba kawai a wurin tilasta ci gaba ba, har ma a ainihin. Furen ya isa don yanayi mai kyan gani, kodayake wani lokacin yana bada damar zama da ƙima. A gida ne yake bayyana mafi kyawun kayansa, fure mai haske kuma ya fi tsayi, ƙanshi yana da daɗi.
Freesia musamman tana ƙoƙarin tabbatar da kanta lokacin da aka kirkiro yanayi mai dacewa a gare ta.
Freesia saukarwa
Yawancin lokaci, ana dasa freesia watanni biyar kafin bikin da aka shirya (tare da dasa shuki a baya, shuka zai rigaya ya lalace a wannan lokacin; tare da dasa shuki, ƙarshen buds ba zai sami lokacin buɗe ba). Kafin dasa, an kula da kwan fitila tare da haɓaka mai saurin tasowa. Ana zubar da ƙaramin magudanar ruwa da wani sashin shirye mai shimfiɗa a ƙasan tanki tare da diamita na kusan 0.15 m.
Shayar da potassium diluted - phosphorus taki. Hakanan, ana zuba ɗan ƙaramin abu akan saman. 4 zuwa 6 corms ana shuka su ne a cikin tukunya guda, suna zurfafa da 50 mm. Ana canja furen fure zuwa ɗakin mai haske. Zazzabi kada ya wuce + 15 ° C. Furanni na gaba suna dauke ba tare da sha har sai ganye sun bayyana Sannan fure ya fara a shayar dashi kuma aka canza shi zuwa wuri mai danshi.
Freesia Bloom
Ruwan kofofi masu zurfin gaske suna bawa furanni furanni. Kyakkyawan kara mai kambi ne mai kamshi na 3 zuwa 9 na furanni. Girman dutsen kowane ɗayansu na iya isa 5 cm, tsawon - cm 7. M furanni a cikin kamannuna karrarawa. Launin furannin na iya zama daban: daga fari zuwa launuka daban daban na jan, rawaya, shuɗi, lilac.
Yawancin lokaci pharynx alama ce ta karamin tabo na launuka masu bambantawa. Abin sha'awa shine, nau'in freesia tare da rawaya - furannin ja suna girma da sauri fiye da wasu. Tsire-tsire masu fure-fararen filayen dusar ƙanƙara duk suna jin ƙanshi. Freesia furanni na iya zama ninki biyu (a wannan yanayin ana shirya su a cikin layuka biyu) ko mai sauƙi (tare da tsari ɗaya).
Freesia bayan fure
Bayan fure, freesia shima yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Tsawon kwanaki 30 zuwa 45, ana ci gaba da shayar da furanni. Sannan an cire ganye mai tushe da mai tushe, an tono corms kuma a bi da su da ƙwayoyin potassium. Suna bushe iska tsawon makonni uku.
Jefar da kwararan fitila da aka lalace; sauran kuma ana ajiye su a ɗakin bushe a 20 ° C har sai an dasa shuki. Tabbatar kula da gumi, yakamata ya zama aƙalla 75%. Don yin wannan, saka akwati na ruwa kusa da shi.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Amincewa da tsire-tsire masu ƙauna-zafi kuma a gida, freesia yana buƙatar cika tsarin mulkin zazzabi na musamman. A cikin gida, yana fure a cikin hunturu ko bazara. Don fure ya yi yawa, ana buƙatar zazzabi a cikin kewayon + 20 - 22 ° C.
A ƙananan yanayin zafi ko mafi girma, furen ya lalata, fure basu yi girma ba. A lokacin rani, shuka yana buƙatar sanyi. Ana kiyaye Freesia a zafin jiki, wanda bai kamata ya wuce + 18 ° C ba.
Galibi suna kwantar da dakin, amma wajibi ne don kare fure daga daftarin.
Fesa
Hanyar don fesa furanni yana ƙara zafi a cikin ɗakin. Itatuwan yana son iska mai laushi, amma saukad da ruwa na iya lalata budsanyen. Don farantawa freesia, a gida, ana ƙaruwa da zafi a wasu hanyoyi. Kuna iya sanya furen fure tare da fure a kan tire tare da ɗakunan leya, kunna humidifier.
Haske
Furen yana buƙatar watsa hasken haske mai haske da kuma hasken rana mai tsawo. Don tabbatar da cewa hasken ya cika, hasken wutar da doka ta ba da shawarar amfani da ita don kiyaye freesia a gida ana amfani da shi. Kulawa da shuka ya nuna cewa zai sami isasshen haske a kan taga da ke fuskantar yamma ko gabas. A kan taga ta kudu, inuwa a tsakar rana ya zama dole.
Haske kai tsaye na rana ya rage lokacin fure, buds suna karami.
Watse
Lokacin da freesia blooms, yana buƙatar yawan ruwa game da kowace kwana uku. Bayan an gama da furanni, sai a fara sha ruwa akai-akai. Don ban ruwa dauki ruwa mai kyau kariya.
Don kiyaye danshi ta ƙasa na dogon lokaci, an shimfiɗa hydrogel ko sphagnum akan da'irar jirgin kuma a rushe shi lokaci-lokaci. Da farko na dormant zamani, da shuka an dakatar da watering.
Kasar
Don freesia, wani zaɓi na yau da kullun na duniya don fure tare da acidity tsaka tsaki (pH 6.3 - 7) ya dace. Kuna iya shirya cakuda da kanka, ɗaukar daidai adadin ƙasar turf, peat, yashi, filastin ƙasa da humus.
Vermiculite, kwakwalwan brick ko guda na sphagnum an haɗa. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin zasu ba da mafi girma wanda zai haifar da mafi girma.
Taki da taki
Ana ciyar da Freesia a lokacin furanni. Ya kamata a kusan kula da takin ƙasa da takin. Excessarin abubuwan da aka gano da abubuwan haɓaka abubuwa suna haifar da raunana ƙwayar shuka da lalata a cikin fure. Ana haɗaka hanyar tare da shayar maraice.
Sau ɗaya cikin makonni biyu suna amfani da takin ma'adinai don furanni. Ruwan na ruwa an narke shi da ruwa sau da yawa. Bayan hanya, ana ɗaukar freesia kwana biyu. Ya kamata a ci gaba da saka miya har sai ganye ya zama launin rawaya.
Freesia dashi
Ana aiwatar da aikin Freesia a shekara. Corms ba a bar shi a cikin akwati bayan fure ba. An haƙa su lokacin da ganye ya juya launin rawaya, kuma substrate ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Kafin dasa shuki, ana bada shawara don adana kayan dasawa a cikin raga don tabbatar da yawan iska.
Bayan yin lissafin lokacin furanni, galibi ana shuka daskararru ne a ƙasa daga tsakiyar watan Agusta zuwa farkon Disamba.
Mai jan tsami
Freesia na iya yin alfahari da kyawun dajin sa: komai yayi jituwa a wurin, babu wani abu "mai kwalliya" don datsa. Amma makonni biyar bayan fure, bayan an dakatar da shayarwa, ana aiwatar da girki, yana barin karamin "kututture" daga shuka.
Lokacin hutawa
Bayan ciyayi mai haske, shuka ya huta tsawon watanni 3 zuwa 5. Lokacin hutawa na freesia ya dogara ne akan lokacin furanni. Bayan an kammala shi, yana da muhimmanci a adana sarƙar da aka tono don samun tsire-tsire a cikin fewan watanni.
An adana kayan danshi a girman zafi zuwa 60% zafi da zazzabi na + 23 ° C. Kwanaki 15 kafin sabon dasa shuki, ana tura corms zuwa wuri mai sanyaya kuma ana ajiye su a + 15 ° C.
Girma freesia daga tsaba
A tsakiyar Afrilu, freesia za a iya girma daga tsaba. Ya tsufa a cikin bayani na potassium permanganate tsaba ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa. Makonni uku bayan haka, harbe suka bayyana, bayan da aka mayar da seedlings zuwa wani wuri mai zafi kuma yayi girma phytolamps a cikin haske, a kai a kai ana ciyar da ciyar.
Don ciyar dauki ruwa ruwa dauke da hadadden abubuwa, da farko potassium, phosphorus. Ana narkar da taki tare da ruwa kuma ana shafawa sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 10. Shuka tsire-tsire tsiro a cikin tukwane dabam. Idan ana so, freesia girma daga tsaba ana shuka shi a kan gadon filawa na lambun.
Cutar da kwari
Freesia, tayi girma a gida, da wuya tayi rashin lafiya. Amma idan kulawa ba ta da tsari sosai, cutar da kwari ta shafe shi.
- Wasu lokuta inji na shan wahala daga fusarium, corm iya rot saboda yawan ruwa. An cire wutar fitilar da aka shafa gaba ɗaya tare da ƙasa. An sanya tukunya. Idan corm ya ɗan shafa, an tsabtace da shi da ƙwaƙwalwa tare da maganin kashe guba. Wajibi ne a aiwatar da wasu furanni waɗanda ke girma tare da shi a cikin akwati guda.
- Albasa hardening yayi magana akan shan kashi da bushe bushe na gladioli. Ba shi yiwuwa a kare shuka. Ana jefa kwan fitila.
Freesia za a iya kaiwa hari ta hanyar gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphids, da thrips. Ana kula da furanni da ruwan fyaɗe ko wasu kwari Duk da wasu nau'ikan fatawoyi, suna ƙaunarta saboda kamanninta da ƙanshinta mai daɗi. Shuka, da jin daɗin kulawa, yana gabatar da furanni masu haske a mafi tsananin lokacin.
Yanzu karatu:
- Hippeastrum
- Hyacinth - kulawar gida a cikin tukunya, hoton iri da nau'in halitta
- Eucharis - kulawa gida, hoton nau'in, dasawa
- Gloriosa - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto
- Oleander
