Duranta - kulawa ta gida, nau'in hoto da iri

Duranta (Duranta) - itace mai yaduwar furanni daga dangin Verbena. Theafin hasken tetrahedral na shuka mai tsinkaye ana cike da ɗigo tare da ganye mai haske mai haske tare da gefuna da aka zana. Rassan wasu nau'ikan suna "ado" da dunƙule. Durant yayi girma cikin sauri, a cikin ɗayan lokaci harbe yana girma da 0.2 m.

A cikin daji, wani lokacin da ciyawa take zuwa m 5. samfuran da aka girma a gida kusan sun fi gwana uku. Daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka, durant blooms, faduwa mai yawa racemose inflorescences daga fi na harbe, ya kunshi mutane da yawa shuɗi, shunayya ko furen furanni.

Har ila yau duba tsirrai mai tsiro kamar kifayen kifaye.

A cikin yanayin halitta, bishiyoyi sun zama ruwan dare a cikin gandun daji na Indiya, yanki mai zafi na Mexico. Durants na Gida - Kudancin Amurka.

Duranta: kulawar gida. A takaice

Durant ciyawa a gida yana nuna kanta a matsayin tsirrai mai ƙyalƙyali wanda koda ƙwararren ma ƙwararraki ba zai iya girma ba, idan ya haifar da yanayi mai kyau ga shuka:

Kulawar Durant a gida. Daki-daki

Ta hanyar taimakon kulawa da mu'amala mai kyau kawai zamu iya cimma burin cewa a cikin gida a kowace shekara muna jin daɗin fure mai ɗorewa.

Gudun kan ruwa

A karo na biyu rabin Maris, da shuka blooms. Tsawon lokacin da za'a yiwa fure biyu, a yanayin tsare shi, watanni shida ne. Furanni sun ƙunshi fure biyar. Sun bayyana a tukwicin matasa harbe. Abubuwan launinsu sun bambanta daga fari, lilac, shuɗi zuwa shuɗi mai zurfi da violet.

Akwai samfurori masu duhu tare da ƙarawa dabam. An tattara furannin Durant cikin kyawawan rataye masu rataye. A wurinsu bayan pollination, orange berries. Wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire a wannan lokacin suna fitar da ƙanshin mai daɗi mai ban sha'awa game da vanilla ko iris.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Duranta shuka ce mai zafi. Yana da mahimmanci ga ciyawar da ta dace don lura da tsarin zafin jiki. An bayar da tsire mai tsire-tsire tare da hunturu mai sanyi a zazzabi wanda bai wuce + 18 ° C ba. Shuka na iya jure rashin ƙarfi zuwa + 12 ° C, amma ba lallai ba ne da gangan shirya rakumin sanyi da canjin yanayin saurin yanayi.

A lokacin bazara, mai kula da gida yana jin daɗin rayuwa idan ma'aunin zafi yana tsakanin + 25 ° C. Idan yayi zafi, daji zai sauke ganye.

A ranakun bazara mai zafi da damuna, ana ɗaukar tsire a waje, amma an bar shi a wani wuri mai kariya daga daftarin.

Fesa

Itace mai ɗorewa a gida tana fifita yanayin zafi sama da matsakaici. Don kula da zafi a matakin da ya dace, ana aiwatar da spraying akai-akai. A lokacin rani da ranakun dumi, ana aiwatar da aikin sau da yawa, a cikin hunturu da kuma lokacin sanyi - ƙasa da yawa.

An shirya daji tare da shawa mai dumi, bayan haka yakamata ya kasance cikin wanka yayin da ruwan zaiyi magudana. Bayan yayyafa da turawa, an goge duff daga rana don kada ƙonewa yayi. Yi amfani da damfara ta gida. Tukunyar wiwi tare da shuka an saita a falon daskararre. Kusa da shi kuma sai an buɗe kwantena na ruwa.

Haske

Ga shuki mai zafi, haske yana da matukar muhimmanci. Kulawa da shuka a cikin hasken haske mai shimfiɗa ta hanyar kula da dura. A gida An ba da shawarar sanya tukunya da daji a cikin ɓangaren kudu ko kudu maso gabashin gidan. Anan, haske mai haske zai haskaka shuka da sa'o'i da yawa.

Rassan bishiyar za suyi karfi da lafiya, kuma fure - lush. Idan ka sanya daji a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa ko kuma a arewacin dakin, zai ƙi yin fure, harbe kuma zasu shimfida da kauri.

A duffen nau'ikan duwam suna kula musamman da yawan haske: lokacin da akwai karancin haske, zasu juya kore.

Tsafta

Don shuka yayi kyau da koshin lafiya, dole ne a mutunta tsabta. An rufe ƙasa da fim, kuma ganye suna wanka a hankali a ƙarƙashin ruwan shayi (zafin jiki ruwa bai wuce 25 - 30 ° C).

Saboda haka ganye ganye haskaka da kyau da shuka ba su shafi kwari, lokaci-lokaci shirya spraying tare da jiko na albasa husks. Don shirya mafita, an saka damƙar albasa a cikin gilashi, an zuba shi da ruwan zãfi kuma nace har kwana biyu.

Watara Durants

Durant shuka ne mai haɓaka. Farawa daga bazara da lokacin bazara, shayar da duwatsun ya zama yalwatacce kuma ana yin su kamar kowace kwana uku. A cikin hunturu, yana da mahimmanci don hana bushewa daga ƙasa. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire a kowane kwanaki 14. Shayar da ruwa na kasar gona zai haifar da lalacewar tushen durant, kuma raunin danshi zai kai ga asarar ganye. Don ban ruwa dauki ruwa, ruwa mai narkewa.

Saboda haka, substrate retains danshi, kar ka manta game da mulching. Kamar yadda ciyawa, sphagnum, coconut substrate, spruce haushi ake amfani.

Wiwi na Durants

Dole ne a zabi tukunyar da ta dace don dabbar. Zabi ya dogara da nau'in shuka. Don yin samfurori iri-iri suna jin daɗi kuma ganyayyaki su zama mai daɗi da ɗamara, an zaɓi tukunya mai sarari saboda su.

'Ya'yan ruwa masu yawo suna girma a cikin akwati mai rikicewa. Tarfafawa yana ƙarfafa fure mai laushi na durants.

Kasar

Abubuwan da ke bayyane suna buƙatar ƙasa mai narkewa da tazari tare da tsakaitaccen acidity. Kuna iya shirya substrate akan kanku, shan adadin ganyayyaki, humus, yashi, turf da peat.

A cikin shagon fure zaka iya siyar da cakuda ƙasa ƙasa don tsirrai. Vermiculite, kwakwalwan tubalin, perlite ko ƙwallan ƙwaya ana ƙara su a cikin ƙasa don ƙara yawan friability.

Taki da taki

Don duors, suturar sama da taki suna da mahimmanci musamman a lokacin ciyayi mai aiki. Yawan nau'in halitta suna buƙatar samun karin nitrogen fiye da tsire-tsire tare da ganye mai ganye. Suna amfani da takin ma'adinai don ornamental - tsire-tsire masu ƙwari. 'Ya'yan tsuntsaye masu juyawa ya kamata su karɓi mai da yawa na potassium da phosphorus.

Don ciyar da su, zaɓi takin gargajiya na tsire-tsire na fure. Duk takin zamani dole ne a diluted sau biyu kuma amfani bayan watering sau ɗaya kowace kwanaki 14. A cikin kaka, an rage adadin babban miya a hankali, kuma a cikin hunturu an soke shi gaba daya. Bayan ciyarwa, durant yana fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa, don haka dole ne a saka shi don kwanaki 2 - 3.

Juyawa

Bayan sayan, ana dasa shuka zuwa cikin wadataccen abinci mai narkewa. Matasa bushes suna dasawa a kowace shekara, a cikin bazara. An girma durant dasa ne da za'ayi a kowace shekara 3.5, bayan Tushen gaba ɗaya rufe dunƙule dunƙule.

A lokacin da daji balagagge yi wuya a dasa, an transshipped ko kawai refresh saman Layer na substrate. Lokacin dasawa, maye gurbin tukunya tare da sabon, yana da mafi girman diamita. Isasa ta zama mafi sako-sako, an ƙara ɗage juji.

Yadda za a yi amfanin gona

Don ba da kambi na daji da ake so siffar da kuma cire lalace harbe, spring pruning an yi. Amfani da sirri, an yanke rassan elongated da lalacewa, a gajarta zuwa tsawon da ake so. Ana cire bushewar bushe a kai a kai don yin daji da kyau. A lokacin rani, don tayar da samuwar harbe-harbe a kaikaice, tsunkule da yanke rassan. Durant ya fahimci hanya sosai, yana amsa shi da sauri.

Ana yin daskarewa tare da safofin hannu, ba manta cewa tsire-tsire masu guba ba.

Lokacin hutawa

Duranta na iya yin taushi a duk tsawon shekara idan ana shayar da ruwa sau da yawa, kuma ɗakin zai zama haske da ɗumi. Amma tsawan farkawa zaiyi karfin furen da sauri. Don wannan, a cikin hunturu, yana buƙatar lokacin hutawa. A cikin kaka, sun fara rage zafin jiki na kulawa kuma ta lokacin hunturu ana kawo shi zuwa + 18 ° C.

Hakanan ana rage ruwa a cikin kowace mako biyu. Manyan riguna sun tsaya. Amma hasken yakamata yayi kyau. Haske mai haske yana da amfani musamman ga nau'in tsire-tsire iri-iri. Daga gare ta, ganye zai kasance mai haske da haske. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da hasken rana yayi gajarta, to ana cika raunin hasken ta hanyar hasken baya.

Breeding durants

Sake bugun durant a gida ana yin ta ne ta hanyar zuriya ko girma daga tsaba.

Don yaduwa na durants ta yanke

Fraauki guntun tsintsiya mai tsayi. An rabu da mahaifiyar daji kuma bushe. Don hanzarta tsarin tushen, ana yafa aya mai zartar da abin zuga. Ana aiwatar da Rooting a cikin musamman "greenhouse" - a yanka kwalban filastik ko akwati tare da cakuda yashi. An dasa harbi a cikin ƙasa mai laushi; murfin kuma sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi da annima. Fita da iskar gas dinka kuma a sanyaya ƙasa a kullun.

Shuka Durants daga Shuka

Hanya mafi tsayi da tsayi. Tsaba a cikin zurfin dasa shi a cikin wani shiri mai "kore" tare da ƙasa mai laushi kuma an sanya shi cikin wuri mai dumi, mai haske. Harbe yana bayyana a ranar 45-60. Bayan bayyanar ganye na ainihi uku, an juyar da seedlings zuwa tukunya tare da ƙasa ta duniya.

Hanya mafi sauƙi don ƙirƙirar durants shine cuttings, wanda aka ba da shawarar a farkon kaka, don dasa tsaba, farkon bazara ya fi dacewa.

Cutar da kwari

Rashin kula da kayan ƙoshi yana cike da faruwar cututtukan, kuma kwari sun fi sha'awar shuka mai rauni. Matsalar kiwon lafiya ana nuna su da farko a cikin bayyanar da durants:

• Ganyen Durant ya zama karami - rashin haske (sake shiryawa a cikin wani wuri mai haske ko kunna phytolamps);
• ƙarshen ganye sun bushe - raunin danshi (sau da yawa ana shayar da ruwa);
• fi na ganye an narkar da - karancin shayarwa ko bushewar iskar da take sha (ta yawaita yawan yin ruwa; feshe);
• Ganyen Durant ya juye - karancin abinci mai gina jiki (takin ƙasa);
• Durant baya fure - rashin lokacin sanyi ko walkiya (don samar da lokacin sanyi ko sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske);
• Durant discards ganye - halayyar al'ada ce ta kaka - lokacin hunturu. A wasu lokuta, na nuna rashin haske ko hadi (sake shirya a wani wuri mai haske ko takin);
• ganye suna duhu - Ingantaccen haske (inuwa ko sake shiryawa a cikin ƙarancin haske mai haske);
• Tushen Durant rot - waterlogging (canza ƙasa, rage tsananin ban ruwa).

Yawancin lokaci shuka yana lalata scab, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, whitefly, aphids.

Nau'in masu biyan gida da hotuna da sunaye

Arian bambancin kayan marmarin gida sun bambanta da juna a cikin ƙawa, ƙarfi da inuwar inflorescences, daidai da hasken ganyayyaki. Akwai kimanin nau'ikan duwam 20, wasu daga cikinsu sanannu ne.

Durant Plumier, ko kafa (Duranta plumieri, D. Erecta)

Mafi yawan nau'ikan. Tall daji tare da busassun ganye. Tsawon farantin ganye yana kusan cm 8. Ganyen suna da sihiri mai kyau da gefuna da aka zana. Ana tattara shuɗi mai haske ko shuɗi mai launin shuɗi a cikin buroshi.

Mafi mashahuri a tsaye durant iri

Mafi yawancin nau'ikan wannan nau'in sune:

Kwalba Kyuba

Itace mai ganyayyaki. An fentin faranti-shuɗi. Bar shimmer a rana.

Kushin Zinare

Goge tare da m toothed ganye. Tsakanin ɓangaren ganyen yana da kore, iyakar tana da rawaya mai haske.

Lemon tsami

Ganyen ganye tare da ruwan lemun tsami na tsakiya. Hue jere daga lemun tsami zuwa haske zuwa rawaya. Gefen ganyen yana da haske kore.

Little geisha (yarinyar Geisha)

Smallaramin itace mai haske da walƙiya mai haske. Tsakanin furanni fararen dusar ƙanƙara ne, gefuna suna da rawa.

Duranta Lorentz, ko Bilatus-tsallake (Duranta Lorentzii)

Itace mai tsayi zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi tare da tetrahedral mai tushe da harbe. Ganye suna m tare da nuna tukwici da gefen dissected. Yankunan furanni sun bambanta daga dusar ƙanƙara-fari zuwa purple mai zurfi.

Duranta ya sake

Shrubaramin ɗan daji tare da ganye aturearamin ganye. Inflorescences suna shunayya mai launin shuɗi da ido mai bakin ciki. Yankunan suna fari.

Duranta - m mara amfani, ya dace da kula da gidan da gonar. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, inji yana gamsar da ciyawar fure, kazalika da mayuwuwa da sabon abu. Wasu nau'in suna da ƙanshin musamman. Kowane mai girbi zaiyi godiya ga daji.