Cherry-Cherry Hybrid - Dabba iri

Mai zafi mai auna mai dadi mai kyau ne mai kyau don dandano mai dadi kuma mai dadi.

Yaya za a hada siffofin wadannan albarkatun amfanin gona daga iyalin Rosaceae?

Amsa ya ba da amsa daga masu shayarwa, samar da shi ta hanyar gishiri mai zurfi, cultivar - ceri-ceri matasan.

Cherry, mai dadi ceri ko matasan?

Da farko, duka ceri da kuma kirki mai dadi sunaye sunaye - "tsuntsu ceri".

A arewacin Turai, suna dogara da irin wannan dandano, wadannan tsire-tsire sun kasance suna "cherries" da "ƙanshi mai dadi".

Har ila yau, a karni na 17, wani nau'in ya bayyana "Mai-Dyuk" daga bazuwar pollination na ceri cherries.

A sakamakon rashin hawan kai tsaye, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun kasance sun fi girma kuma sun fi ƙarancin kirki, kuma sun jagoranci masu aikin gona su shiga cikin zaɓi don yin aiki da gangan don ƙirƙirar "Cherries". Don haka akwai ƙungiyar interspecific hybrids - dukes.

A cikin} asarmu, shugaban farko ya bayyana a 1926 a cikin gandun daji na I.V. Michurin ya kira "Mai ba da amfani".

A karshen karni na 20, masu shayarwa suna aiki a kan samar da gwaggwabar riba da kuma juriya, yada su a arewacin arewa. Bayan haka gudanar ya kawar da sabon iri-iri na hankula fungal cuta na ceri - coccominose.

Gaskiya Dyuk samobesplodny, wanda yana buƙatar wajibi ne a cikin gonar wani abin dogara pollinator - zaki da cherries.

Taimako: Za ka iya samun duk ta hanyar grafting wani mai dadi ceri a kan kantin kayan. Duk da haka, irin wannan matasan yana da matukar wuya, ba koyaushe yakan fara haifar da 'ya'ya ba, amma idan nau'o'i biyu sunyi nasara, yawan amfanin ƙasa da yawan amfanin gonar da ake yi wa mai kulawa.

Irin wannan nauyin mai girma ana nuna su ta irin waɗannan nau'o'in kamar Chernokorka, Black Large, Chocolate and Generous.

Bambancin bayanin Toy

A cikin Jihar Registry na ceri-cherry matasan da aka gabatar a 1996 a matsayin Cherry Toy, halitta Cibiyar Nazarin Irrigated Gardening of Ukraine. MF Sidorenko.

Yada yawancin ku a yankin Arewacin Caucasus, inda aka horar da su a duniya.

Cherry Toy - bayanin "iyaye" na iri-iri:

• Cherry "Lyubskaya" - ba tare da takamaiman marubucin ba, amma tun daga 1947 a tsakiyar Rasha ya karu da yawa; Fruitfulness daga wani shuka ya zo daga shekara ta 3 kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa shekaru 25; yawan aiki ya kai 12 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itatuwa masu duhu-bishiyoyi; sanyi-resistant; jure wa dogon lokaci;
• Cherry "Solar ball" - itace mai 'ya'yan itace na tsaran Melitopol (Ukraine) yazo cikin shekara ta uku kuma; Ƙwarewar ban mamaki - 40 kilogiram daga itace; 'ya'yan itace - 15 grams; sanyi juriya ne high; resistant zuwa cututtuka da kuma kwari kwari.

A kamance da bambance-bambance na cherries da cherries.

Bugu da ari a cikin labarin za ka ga a cikin hoto abin da wasa mai soy.

Hotuna

Menene Fure kayan ado yake kama da su?

Ayyukan

Dyukovy ceri ceri iri-iri samu sunansa ga rare kyau na manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka halin da:

• Cherry Cherry shi ne nau'i-nau'i mai karfi wanda itace ya kai 7 mita high;
• yadu sprawled ko m dimbin yawa kambi;
• launin toka, kamar ceri, haushi a kan akwati da kwarangwal rassan, waxanda flakes dan kadan;
• harbe, lokacin farin ciki har ma, launin ruwan kasa;
• ƙananan kore ganyen m size da kuma ovoid siffar; ƙarshen leaf yana nunawa da lankwasawa, kuma farantin launi yana ɗan kwarjini ne a tsakiyar tsakiya;
• Ƙungiyar da aka yi amfani da ita da kuma tushen asalinsa ya cika ra'ayi na ganye;
• fararen furanni samobesplodnye wanda ya bayyana sau da yawa akan karuwar karuwar shekara kuma an tattara su a cikin bouquet inflorescences (3-4 guda);
• 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin nau'i na manyan (har zuwa 9 gr.) berries duhu ja: suna da fata na fata da kuma kashi mai sauƙi wanda aka cire;
• Gidan Berry yana da dadi kuma yana da haske tare da 'ya'yan itace mai' '' '' '' '' 'kuma' 'rami' '.
• m ɓangaren litattafan almara, fentin a cikin duhu duhu launi;
• Berry yana da abun ciki na sukari - 10.9%, acid - 1.5% sabili da haka - wani dandano mai dadi mai-dadi, wanda aka kiyasta ta hanyar sikelin Maki 4.6;
• Manufar manufa ta duniya: kayan abinci da kayan aikin masana'antu don samar da giya da ruwan 'ya'yan itace;
• farkon fruiting grafted seedlings daga 3rd shekara;
• marigayi 'ya'yan itatuwa - da tsakiyar watan Agusta;
• high yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma karuwa a kowace shekara;
• matsakaici yawan amfanin ƙasa mai shekaru 10 - 45-50 kg;
• kyau rashin haƙuri;
• sanyi juriya don itace a ciki - 25 ° C (yafi sanyi da furanni suna da sanyi ga sanyi);
• juriya ga cututtukan fungal - muhimmancin wannan al'ada.

Kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtuka na fungal sun nuna iri iri iri na Molodezhnaya, Morozovka, Nadezhda da Novella.

Bambancin rashin daidaituwa na wasu nau'o'i yana buƙatar masu binciken pollinators masu tasiri a cikin filin lambu na kusa, wanda Masana sun bayar da shawara: ceri iri "Minx" da "Samsonovka" cherries - "Krupnoplodnaya", "Valery Chkalov", "Franz Joseph".

An gane iri-iri a matsayin alamar alkawarin kuma yana ci gaba da ci gaba da aikin kiwo don kara yawan amfanin ƙasa da juriya ga fungi da kwayoyin pathogenic.

Noma da kulawa

A kasarmu, a tarihin tarihi, sai ya nuna cewa kyawawa bayan apple ana dauke su na biyu mafi girma a gonar amfanin gona. Gaskiya ne, a cikin shekaru, an rage yawan yankunan da ake sauka.

Dalilin:

• canzawa a matsayin hanyar mallakar mallakar ƙasa da rushewar gonaki na musamman;
• bayyanai mai yawa na yanayin damuwa (zafi mai zafi, dumi-dumi);
• wildness na varietal siffofin saboda uncontrolled over-pollination;
• rage yawan kasuwancin da ake buƙatar cherries saboda fadada kasuwa don kayayyakin samfurori na waje;
• yada, ana shigo da mu daga ƙasashen Yammacin Turai, cututtuka na fure, iri-iri iri-iri.

Don ci gaba da ci gaba da kuma samar da itacen ceri kana buƙatar:

1. Don zaɓar wurin saukowa mai kyau: a kan tudu, yawan haske da iska.
2. Dole ne a shuka a cikin kamfanin dangi 3-4bambanta a cikin balaga a kan nisa na 2 m daga juna.
3. Tare da zabi na iri iri iri, ya kamata a zaɓi zabin seedlings mai kyau.
4. Dole ne ya samar da kambi kusa da itace, la'akari da haka, misali, Toy, Bears 'ya'yan itace a kan harbe-shekara.
5. Wannan abincin yana son matsakaicin matsakaici, ƙasa mai haske daga tudu, ko da damuwa da ruwa mai narkewa yana da illa ga shuka.
6. Don ƙasa oxyidation karkashin ceri plantings sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3 suna raguwa:
   • yashi ƙasa -300-500gr. kowace mita mita;
   • loams - 600-800 gr;
   • sod-podzolic - 300-800.
7. Ana yin pruning na Crown don:
   • tsarin;
   • thinning;
   • sanitary (don cire lalacewa ko lalacewar rassan).
8. A kan iyakar hunturu da kuma bazara don kare katangar daga kunar rana a jiki - shi, kamar rassan skeletal, an yalwata ko an nannade shi a cikin yadudduka biyu.
9. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a cikin hunturu tare da takin mai takin (up to 10 cm) kuma ana cike da peat.
10. Watering bishiyoyi da kyawawan itace kada su kasance masu yawa kuma ana gudanar da su ta hanyar zobe-tafe a nesa na rabin mita daga gangar jikin. A wani lokaci har zuwa 15 lita na ruwa suna zuba a cikin furrow da kuma prutrivayut bushe ciyawa daga m evaporation. A cikin kakar, dangane da shekarun, 4-9 an zuba buckets a ƙarƙashin kowane itace, mayar da hankali kan muhimman al'amurra na ci gaban shuka:
    • Bloom;
    • ripening na ovary;
    • a ƙarshen girbi;
    • kafin barin shuka a cikin hunturu.
11. Don yanayin musayar iska na al'ada, ƙasa tana sassauta kuma an soke shi da forks.
12. Jiyya tare da kwari ("Mustang", "Cifox", "Inta-Vir") - rigakafin kafin flowering daga kwari. Ana kare kullun kwayoyi daga rodents ta hanyar zanawa tare da yin rufi ko ƙuƙwalwar waya.
13. A kan launi mai duhu, ganye da bushewa da koda ya mutu babban cututtuka na ceri:
    • launin toka;
    • Tsinkaya mai tsinkaye;
    • cocmmycosis;
    • monilioz;
    • maganin cututtukan.

Yana da muhimmanci: 5-7% bayani na ferrous sulfate ba kawai magani ga fungal cututtuka, amma har da karuwa a cikin sabon rassan da 'ya'yan itace buds!

Amfani da 'ya'yan itace

Ginin masana'antun ya rage yawan yanayin lambu, abin damuwa da matsala na sarrafa kayan amfanin gona. Amma shiri na compotes, juices, liqueurs na gida har yanzu yana da dacewa.

Daga ceri-ceri 'ya'yan itace za a iya shirya:

• m daskarewa don cika pies da dumplings, dafa abinci desserts;
• ceri miya don nama yi jita-jita;
• dried cherries for salads da compotes;
• marinated cherries a matsayin Bugu da kari zuwa nama yi jita-jita.
• ceri jam tare da ko ba tare da duwatsu ba;
• shafewa;
• jam;
• marmalade;
• ceri sherbet;
• haifuwa ba tare da sukari ba.

Saboda haka, lokacin amfani da amfani da berries zai kasance har sai girbi na gaba.

Kyawawan dabi'un cherry a matsayin masararraki suna yin "Toy" musamman ma a buƙatar gonar lambu, saboda kowane mai son zai ji daɗi da manyan albarkatu na zamani, har ma tare da irin amfanin bishiyar.

Wadannan 'ya'yan itatuwa ba su jin tsoron harkokin sufuri, an ajiye su a cikin tsari kuma suna iya ba kowa jin dadi na rani a cikin lokacin sanyi.

Daga cikin halittu na duniya ya kamata kula da wannan zamani, Volochaevka da Hasumiya.

Watch bidiyo da za ku ga ceri iri-iri Fasa: