Lupine fure ne wanda yake na dangin legume. Amfanin gona, ya danganta da iri-iri, ana iya rarrabe shi a matsayin annuals, herbaceous perennials, bishiyoyi da ciyawa. Masu mallakar gidaje masu zaman kansu sun gwammace da irin nau'in wake da ƙyar wolf, wanda ke ɗauke da unpretentiousness da fure mai yawa.
Menene lupine yayi kama?
Tushen tushen wakilin dangin legume yana da tushen rayuwa. Tushen da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na nitrogen sun sami damar shiga cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 150-200 cm. Rassan al'adun adon girma. Leaf faranti suna da cikakkun bayanai. Ana tattara inflorescences a cikin lush mai amfani da wutar lantarki mai yawa.
Wolf bob
Furannin lupine, waɗanda kuma ana kiranta bek ɗin wolf, na iya zama masu launuka daban-daban:
- shuɗi
- fari
- m
- reds;
- ruwan hoda;
- sautunan orange.
Ractaya daga cikin katse guda biyu mai saukin kamuwa da lalacewa da wuri. Wake tsiro a cikin tsaba iri.
Mahimmanci! Fitar da kyarke naman bera yakan fara ne da ƙarshen watan Mayu. A lokacin da yake datsa tsirrai tun farkon farawar iri, ana iya samun fure-fure.
Tarihi da hujjoji masu ban sha'awa
Furanni da aka fassara daga Latin suna ma'anar mai girman kai da kyar da wolf. Homelandasar asalin al'adun ado ana ɗaukar yankin Arewacin Amurka. Tarihin al'adu ya ratsa ta tsohuwar Girka. Tun zamanin da, ana amfani da inflorescences na daji lupins don yin ado da kaburburan Fir'auna. Da farko, an cire lupine daga cikin lamuran a hankali, amma a hankali, kamar yadda wasu nau'ikan wake-waken wolf suka bazu, an fara amfani dashi don dalilai na ado.
Zai dace a ba da gudummawa ta musamman ga shahararren ɗan shayarwa Russell, godiya ga wanda duniya ta ga irin waɗannan nau'ikan:
- Mine Schloss;
- Mai martaba;
- Burg Freuilin.
Lupine ba wai kawai yana da bayyanar ban mamaki ba, har ma da kaddarorin masu amfani. Furanni suna ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na furotin da furotin. Kasancewar tsarin tushen sanda ya kai zurfin 2 m yana ba ku damar kwance ƙasa. Swaramin kumburi akan tsarin tushe na ba da gudummawa ga shawo kan ƙwayoyin nitrogen da wadatar ƙasa.
Lura! Sau da yawa masu fulawa suna sha'awar ko lupins masu guba ne ko a'a. Zai dace a lura cewa tsaba da ciyawar al'adun ado sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba.
Fitsarin lupine
Iri na lupine mai narkewa
Daga cikin nau'ikan waken wolf na kowa, akwai huɗu daga cikin shahararrun.
Farin farin lupine
Wannan fure yana iya cin gashin kansa. Tsawon bushes ɗin ya kai cm 180-200. Madaidaiciya mai tushe ne keɓaɓɓu, kuma akan ingantaccen inflorescences akwai fentin furanni da aka fenti da fararen fata. Dankin yana da tsayayya wa tsawon lokacin bushewa.
Lupine rawaya
Wannan tsiron yana da ƙyalli da gashi mai fure. Kyakkyawan furanni waɗanda ke kan ƙananan yadudduka, fentin cikin sautunan launin rawaya da kuma bayar da ƙanshin mai daɗi. Tsaba tare da gefuna a gewaye an ɗanɗano su.
Ruwan Lupine
Yana kaiwa zuwa 110-140 cm a tsayi, wanda aka baiwa ganyen tsiro na zahiri. Flow ya fara a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Furen furanni za'a iya fentin su cikin shuɗi, fari ko inuwa mai ruwan inuwa. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa sanyi.
Kula! Fulawan furanni suna girma lupine mai ganye mai ganye ko da a yankuna masu yanayin zafi.
Cire lupine
Wannan nau'in wake mai wolf na wolf na tsiro har zuwa 90-145 cm. Fuskokin Leaf suna dabino, keɓaɓɓe kuma ɗan kadan ne a ƙasan bakin. Manyan furannin lupine ana zane su da fararen kaya, ruwan hoda da shuɗi mai haske.
Siffofin Kulawa
Dasa dasawa da kula da tsoffin lupins ana ɗauka tsari mai sauƙi ne. Lokacin zabar wani wuri don dasa lupine, ya kamata ka bayar da fifiko ga wuraren rana ko kananun wuraren da ke da inuwa a wurin. An halatta a dasa tsaba a kayan ado kusa da bishiyoyi.
Kasar
Wolf wake-wake suna girma sosai a kusan kowace ƙasa. Koyaya, ya fi kyau a fi son lalataccen ƙasa ƙasa lokacin dasa shuki. A lokuta idan aka yi niyyar shuka iri a kan ƙasa na alkaline, yana da kyau a kula da gabatarwar farkon peat a cikin ƙasa (5 kilogram zai buƙaci kowane muraba'in). Yarda da wannan yanayin zai nisantar da rarar tsire-tsire.
Lokacin dasa shuki na lupine a kan ƙasa mai acidic, ana bada shawara don kula da iyakancewa na farko. Zuwa wannan ƙarshen, zaku iya amfani da garin lemun tsami. Ga kowane murabba'in murabba'in, ana buƙatar kilo 5 na gari. Ana yin iyakancewa a kowane shekara 4.
A cikin farkon shekarun bayan dasa, perennial ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole don tsari tare da magance ciyayi kuma kwance cikin ƙasa. Tare da farko na bazara, ana gabatar da takin cikin ƙasa:
- superphosphate - don kowane muraba'in mita, 15-20 g ya isa;
- potassium chloride - don 10 sq.m wajibi ne don ɗaukar 45-50 g.
Shekaru 3 bayan dasa shuki, yana da muhimmanci a bincika tushen wuyan tsire. Ba dole ba za a basu damar su hau saman doron ƙasa ba. Wannan na iya haifar da mutuwar al'adun gargaɗi. A cikin yanayin rabuwa na kantuna, ya zama dole a ci gaba nan da nan zuwa ciwan lupine.
Kula! Don hana fashewar da bushes, shi ne mafi alh tori don ƙulla da girma seedlings da goyon baya.
Lokacin yanke jadawalin ban ruwa, yana da mahimmanci don la'akari da abun da ke cikin ƙasa. Shuka yana buƙatar danshi mai yawa a cikin ƙasa a lokacin toho kuma nan da nan bayan dasa.
Kayan fure
Siffofin Kula da hunturu
Duk da babban matakin juriya na sanyi, gogaggen masu girbi suna bada shawarar yin sakaci da shirye-shiryen bushes don tsananin sanyi.
- A tsakiyar kaka, an yanke wani yanki na tsirrai da ke saman ƙasa.
- Bushes sun kumbura saboda ƙyallen tushen wuyan an rufe shi a tsare.
- Farfajiyar ƙasa an rufe shi da rigar shukar-fure. Tsarin farin ciki ya kamata ya zama tsakanin cm 5 cm.
Lokacin da lupins fure
Lokacin fure na lupine mai siffar kyandir yana farawa a ƙarshen Mayu. Sha'awar launuka na chic zaka iya makonni 3 kawai. A hankali, goge ya rasa halayen kayan adonsu, kuma a ƙasan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ta fara.
Tsayin brushes mai dumbin yawa na iya wuce cm 50. Fenti ana fentin fararen fata, rawaya, lemo, ja, ruwan hoda, shunayya, shuɗi da shuɗi. Masu shayarwa sun shayar da nau'ikan cewa, a lokacin furanni, lambu mai daɗi tare da shuɗi-fari da fari mai ruwan hoda. Abubuwa biyu na sautin lupine sun shahara sosai.
Mahimmanci! Za a iya cire goge-goge ba tare da yin nadama ba.
Ta yaya lupins ke kiwo?
Furannin furanni na iya girma ta hanyar zuriya da iri.
Tsaba
A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa shuki na lupine, yi sha'awar ciyawar chic ba zata yi nasara ba.
Mataki-mataki ƙasa saukowa
- A cikin farkon makonnin Oktoba, tono yankin da aka yi niyya don dasa kayan iri. Addedaramin adadin superphosphate, yashi da katako mai itace yana haɓaka ƙasa mai tono.
- A Afrilu, grooves suna rami a cikin saukowa yankin, zurfin abin da ya kai 18-20 mm. Tsakanin tsaran tsada yana da kyau barin nisa na 40-55 cm.
- Ana tsabtace tsaba a cikin maganin wakili mai ban sha'awa. Bayan bushewa, an sanya tsaba a cikin tsummoki.
- Yayyafa amfanin gona tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, zaku iya zuwa ɗaukar ƙasa. Ya kamata a sa ran farkon harbewa bayan kwanaki 14-15.
- Bayan ganye na biyu ya bayyana akan daji, zaku iya fara nutse seedlings a cikin yankin da aka zaba. Tsakanin bushes yana da mahimmanci don barin nesa na 40-50 cm.
Tsarin dasa bishiyoyi na girma a gida
- Kafin dasa shuki, ya zama dole don fara shirya cakuda ƙasa wanda ya kunshi yashi, ƙasa da peat.
- Ana zuba ƙasa a cikin kwantena tare da maɓallin magudana, kuma an cire tsagi, tare da zurfin 18-20 mm. Wani karamin yanki na peat an murƙushe a sama.
- Kwantena tare da amfanin gona an rufe su da kayan polyethylene kuma an aika su zuwa ɗakin dumi. Bayan mako biyu, zaku iya ganin farkon harbewa.
- Da zaran ganye 2-3 suka bayyana akan shuki, zaku iya dasa shukar a kasa.
Lupine
Farfagandar ta yanke
Ta yaya kuma za'a iya yada furofuttukan daji? A yanayin sa'ilin da za'ayi girbin a cikin bazara, ana iya tsammanin samuwar farkon inflorescences tuni wannan faduwar.
Umarni na Sakewa:
- Daga cikin rosettes na basal, waɗanda aka kafa daga buds girma, ana girbe cuttings. Ana buƙatar yanke matakai tare da wuyan tushe.
- Tsawon kwanaki 14-15, ana yanyan yankan ckin a cikin cakuda da yalwa wanda ya ƙunshi ƙasa da yashi kogi.
- Da zaran an kafa sabbin Tushen, ana iya canjawa kwantena tare da gutsuttsuran itace zuwa baranda. Bayan wani mako, ya zama dole don dasa bushes a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Kada ku ajiye seedlings a cikin tukwane na dogon lokaci.
Kula! Yin gurnani, ba a yarda da rarraba daji ba. Tsarin tushen tushen lupine baya iya sakewa bayan lalacewa.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwa a cikin girma na lupine
Lupins suna da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari. Sau da yawa bushes kai hari:
- tsawa;
- tsiro;
- aphids.
Mafi yawan lokuta, saurin kashe kwari yana farawa yayin lokacin furanni. Don adana tsirrai, ya zama dole don amfani da kwari. Yin sarrafawa ya kamata ba bushes kawai ba, har ma da ƙasa. Mafi ingancin maganin kwari sun hada da:
- Aktaru;
- Angio;
- Kirkira.
Daga cikin manyan cututtukan da lupine ke iya kamuwa dasu, mutum na iya bambancewa:
- launin ruwan kasa
- powdery mildew;
- baki rot.
Dalilin cutar shine cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na kwari wanda ke haifar da rayayye a cikin ciyawa. Don hana aukuwar cututtuka, ya kamata ku ba da fifiko lokacin zabar wurin dasa, wuraren rana. Dole ne a cire bushes da ke fama da cutar nan da nan. Sauran plantings ana fesa tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur.
Lura! Don dalilai na hanawa, gogaggun furanni sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da kayan ƙwararrun lafiya, a baya can a cikin maganin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar potassium, don shuka.
Masana sun kirkiro da shawarwari da yawa don haɓaka wake da ƙyar wolf da ke da ƙoshin lafiya kuma suna iya fuskantar kowace cuta:
- A wuri guda, za'a iya shuka lupins na perennial ba fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru 4.
- A cikin tazara tsakanin plantings na lupine, yana da kyau a shuka hatsi.
- Yana da mahimmanci a sako bushes daga ciyayi a cikin lokaci mai dacewa kuma mu bi da su da abubuwan ƙazantar lokacin ruwa na tsawan kaka.
Perennial Lupine iri-iri
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Lupins sune tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki waɗanda zasu kawo bayanin kula da ƙoshin asali ga kowane lambun fure. Masu zanen shimfidar wurare suna yawan amfani da al'adun ado, cikin rukuni da cikin sauko guda. Furanni masu kyandir suna da kyau don dasa shuki tare da lawns. Yawan launuka na launuka abune mai amfani mara tabbas.
Tsirrai marasa kan gado, wadanda ake kira wake-waken wolf, za su yi wa kowane irin lambu ado. Sau da yawa masu noman furanni suna sha'awar ko yana yiwuwa a sanya lupins a gida? Tsirrai na iya girma ba wai kawai a cikin ƙasa buɗe ba, har ma a cikin tukwane. Me zai hana dasa wadannan furanni a baranda. Yawancin nau'ikan zai ba kowane ɗan kasuwa damar zaɓar al'adun gargaɗi don son su.
