Araucaria - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto

Araucaria (Araucaria) itace itaciya ce daga dangin Araucariaceae. Mai samo asali shekaru sama da miliyan 200 da suka gabata, ana ɗaukar kasusuwan rayuwa ne.. Yayi tartsatsi a cikin yanayin yanayi a Kudancin Amurka, Afirka, da Crimea, kuma mahaifar Araucaria shine tsibirin Norfolk, wanda ke cikin Tekun Pacific tsakanin New Zealand da Ostiraliya.

A yanayi, tsirrai masu tsiro suna girma har zuwa 55. Manyan rassansa suna cike da daskararren furanni masu haske tare da kamshin da ke cike da ƙanshi. Araucaria wata itaciya ce mai wulakantacciyar itaciya wanda za'a iya girma a gida. A gida, zai iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 10, yana girma da kusan 20 cm kowace shekara.

Cikin gida araucaria bai kai fiye da m 2. Kamar duk conifers, shuka ba ya yin fure, amma yana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu sihiri, masu kama da manyan kwayoyi.

Tabbatar kula da irin kyawawan tsire-tsire irin su livistona da rubbery ficus.

	girma don shekara ta kusan 20 cm.
	Kamar kowane conifers, shuka bai yi fure ba.
	Itace mai sauki tayi girma.
	Perennial shuka.

M kaddarorin araucaria

Araucaria (Araucaria). Hoto

Araucaria wata shuka ce da ke haɓaka kuzari. Ptaukar abubuwan kirkirar masu mallakar, ƙwarin cikin gida yana taimakawa haɓaka su. Itace tana shafar psychophysical da yanayin halin yan uwa: yana kara matsin lamba, yana karfafa ayyukan tunani, yana kara aiki. Kwayoyin Araucaria suna ɓoye abubuwa masu aiki na biologically waɗanda ke tsarkake iska na ƙwayoyin cuta da gubobi, yana ƙaruwa da haɓaka. Shuka itace hurawar halitta.

Kula da araucaria a gida. A takaice

Araucaria a gida, ba kamar sauran conifers ba, yana girma ba tare da wata matsala ba. Amma kuna buƙatar sanin abubuwan da ake son shuka: wannan zai taimaka don kauce wa matsalolin da za su iya faruwa:

Yanayin Zazzabi	A cikin hunturu - ba tsayi sama da + 18 ° C ba, a lokacin zafi - + 23 ° C.
Jin zafi	Fiye da 50%; ana buƙatar feshewar akai-akai.
Haske	Karye mai haske, yana jure da karamin shading.
Watse	A cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 10; a lokacin rani - mai yawa, sau biyu a cikin kwanaki 7.
Kasar	Matsakaicin duniya don tsire-tsire na cikin gida, haɗe tare da musanya don rhododendron da azalea; a cakuda 2 servings na peat ƙasar, ƙasar ganye, perlite da kuma 1 ɓangare na ƙasa Turf.
Taki da taki	A cikin hunturu ba sa takin ƙasa; bazara da lokacin rani - diluted taki na duniya don tsire-tsire na cikin gida, 1 lokaci cikin kwanaki 14.
Juyawa	Treesananan bishiyoyi - kowace shekara, manya suna tsallake kowace shekara 3.5; Juyawa baya yarda da kyau.
Kiwo	Tsaba ko cutukan apical.
Siffofin Girma	Akwai fasalolin girma araucaria. Domin girma itace kyakkyawan bishiyar lafiya, a cikin hunturu dole ne a kiyaye shi sanyi. Don ƙirƙirar kambi mai fasali, araucaria an juya zuwa ga haske ta fuskoki daban-daban. A lokacin rani, ana fitar da shuka zuwa baranda ko kuma gonar.

Kula da araucaria a gida. Daki-daki

Araucaria a gida zai haɓaka sosai idan an ƙirƙiri yanayi mai kyau.

Gudun ruwa

Gymnosperms ya bambanta da sauran wakilan flora.

Furanninsu, wanda ba furanni bane ya bayyana, amma "'yan kunne" ko cones, shima asali ne.

Kawai girma shuke-shuke suna iya fure. A cikin yanayi, manyan cones suna kan kansu, nauyin da zai iya kaiwa fiye da kilogiram 2.

Araucaria bai yi fure a cikin ɗakin ba.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Don conifers, yana da mahimmanci musamman a gida don kiyaye tsarin zafin jiki. Ya kamata a kiyaye araucaria na gida a cikin rani a + 23 ° C, kuma a cikin hunturu - a + 18 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ana buƙatar sanyi don sassauta ciyayi na bishiyar Kirsimeti kuma a ba ta damar samun ƙarfi.

Abun ciki a cikin zafin jiki mafi girma zai rushe itacen, saboda araucaria ba zai huta ba, amma zai ci gaba da haɓaka.

Fesa

Don shuka araucaria don jin kwanciyar hankali a gida, gumi a cikin dakin ya zama sama da 50%. Don yin wannan, fesawa tare da ruwan sha mai laushi yana gudana har zuwa sau 3 a rana. Yi amfani da na'urorin da ke sanya iska a hankali. Kada a sanya bishiyar kusa da baturin da ya haɗa. Jin zafi da bushewar iska zasu kai ga mutuwarsa.

Haske

Don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan kambi da ci gaba mai jituwa, inji yana buƙatar cikakken haske. Araucaria na iya girma a cikin inuwa m, amma ciyayi mafi kyawun haske a cikin haske.

Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, itaciyar tana buƙatar juyawa gefe ɗaya ko ɗayan zuwa ga haske, to, zai haɓaka ko'ina kuma yayi kyau.

Watse

Dole ne a tabbatar cewa ƙasa tana da laima.

Sabili da haka, kula da araucaria a gida a cikin hunturu yana bada shawarar yin shayarwa sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1.5, kuma a lokacin rani - sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 7.

Shayar da ruwa mai ruwa mai ruwa sosai. Tabbatar cewa ruwa ba ya tara a cikin kwanon ruɓa ba.

Don kiyaye ƙasa ta jika, an mulched da kwakwa mai kwasfa ko gansakuka.

Araucaria tukunya

Lokacin zabar tukunya don araucaria, kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa karamin ƙarfin yana iyakance ci gaban shuka. A ciki, araucaria zai yi girma a hankali. Idan ka dauki babban iko, itaciyar zata yi sauri kuma zata zama mai rauni. Falon furanni mai fadi, tsayinsa ba ƙasa da 0.25 m, ana ɗaukarsa kyakkyawa ne.Wasu yakamata a sami isasshen filin don magudanar ruwa a ciki, da kuma ramuka a ƙarƙashinsa.

Kasar

Araucaria ya bambanta. Hoto

Araucaria yana buƙatar sikelin da zai iya canzawa. M abinci mai gina jiki dan kadan acid (pH 5.3 - 6.2) ya dace da ita. Kuna iya yin cakuda da kanka ta hanyar ɗauka 2 sassan perlite, peat da ganyayyaki ƙasa a ɓangaren 1 na ƙasar turf. Kuna iya siyan ƙasa da aka yi da shirye don conifers ko madaidaicin duniya don tsirrai na cikin gida ku gauraya su da wani salo na azalea da rhododendron. Shrtled needles, gawayi foda, yankakken sphagnum, polystyrene bukukuwa ko kwakwalwan bulo ba shakka an ƙara zuwa cakuda ƙasa.

Taki da taki

Don araucaria don bunkasa gabaɗaya da girma itace mai ƙarfi, ana buƙatar hadi da takin. A cikin lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara, ana ciyar dashi sau ɗaya kowace kwanaki 14. Bayan an yi ruwa, ana amfani da takin zamani mai narkar da cuta sau 2 don tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Ya kamata shuka ya sami adadin potassium da phosphorus mai yawa; Ana bayar da alli a cikin karamin abu: yana hana ci gaban itaciyar. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da araucaria yake hutawa, ba a ciyar da shi.

Juyawa

Matasa araucaria suna dasawa a kowace shekara. Conifers ba su yi haƙuri da dasawa ba, don haka ana yin jujjuyawar Araucaria da ya manyanta, kowace shekara 3.5.

A wannan lokaci, Tushen ya rufe ƙammar dunƙule gaba ɗaya. Yakamata ya maye gurbin ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali don taimakawa itaciyar ta tsira daga damuwa.

A cikin tsofaffin tsirrai, saman abinci yana wartsakewa, yayin da ƙarfin ba ya canzawa. Tushen araucaria suna da hankali ga kowane tasiri, don kiyaye su, suna kiyaye tsohuwar ƙasa ta dunƙule a kan tushen sa. Tushen wuya ba zai iya zurfafa ba: bishiyar za ta daina yin girma, sannan ta mutu.

Bayan dasawa, araucaria yana buƙatar tallafi. Don kwanaki da yawa ana sanya shi a wuri mai inuwa, sau da yawa ana fesa. Bayan kwanaki 14, suna ciyar.

Cutarwa araucaria

Ana yin datsa don cire rassan lalatattu ko mummuna. Hanyar tana taimakawa wajen kula da ƙwaryar shuka. Amma wani lokacin pruning araucaria na iya cutar da yawa. Wannan na faruwa idan an yanke saman. Ba tare da sashi na sama ba, araucaria zai dakatar da haɓaka kuma ya juya ya zama itace mummuna.

Lokacin hutawa

A cikin bazara, araucaria fara shirya don hunturu: sun rage yawan ruwa da kayan miya. Da zuwan hunturu, lokacin tsiro ya fara. Ya kamata a kiyaye Araucaria mai sanyi a wannan lokacin. Idan zazzage zafin zuwa + 15 - 18 ° C, to fesawa ba ya tsayawa. Da wuya a shayar, kusan sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 10. Ba a rage ƙarfin wutar. An haramta ciyar da abinci.

Shin zai yuwu barin araucaria ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Barin bazara don makonni biyu, ana amfani da tsarin shayar atomatik atomatik. Kuna iya amfani da dabarar yin amfani da ƙasa ta hanyar masana'anta. Ana sanya mayafin mai a farfajiya, sai laftar laushi mai laushi mai laushi sau da yawa a kanta. An sanya tukunya a saman tare da shayar da araucaria. Isarshen nama yana saukar da cikin babban kwari tare da ruwa. Wannan hanyar ba kawai zai taimaka wajen kula da danshi na ƙasa na makonni 3 ba, har ma yana sha iska.

Idan ka yanke shawara don yin hutu a cikin hunturu, zaku iya sanya busassun soso a cikin tukunyar tare da araucaria. Wannan hanyar zata taimaka wajen kula da danshi na kasa tsawon kwanaki 10. A kowane hali, yana da daraja tambayar dangi su kula da shuka, saboda ba tare da yin shara da feshin ruwa na yau da kullun ba, araucaria na iya mutuwa.

Sake bugun Araucaria

Sake bugun araucaria ana yin sa ne a lokacin bazara ta hanyar tsaba ko ƙwayayen da aka ɗauka daga fiɗa.

Girma Araucaria daga tsaba

Wannan tsari yana da tsayi. Tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙasa yayi ƙasa, sun shuka har tsawon lokaci. An shuka tsaba masu ƙanshi a cikin ƙasa mai laima. Ana sanya kwantena tare da tsire-tsire a cikin wurin dumi. Abubuwa masu tasowa suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali: dole ne a shayar da su sau da yawa, ba za ku iya saka rana ba. Grownan girma da suka fi girma seedlings ana dasa su cikin tukwane dabam kuma suna ɗauke da matsayin tsire-tsire.

Yaduwa da araucaria ta sare

Ku ciyar a lokacin rani a zazzabi ba ƙasa da + 23 ° C. Yawancin kyawawan tsire-tsire ana samo su daga tushen apical cuttings. Tare da wuka mai kaifi yanke yanki na tsakiyar reshe. Bushe da yanki daga ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aiwatar tare da ci da baƙin ƙarfe. An dasa cutlery a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, an rufe shi da fim (an cire shi don ban ruwa da iska). A farkon lokacin hunturu, an dasa tushe, ƙaƙƙarfan itace a cikin babban akwati.

Rooting cuttings na conifers faruwa a cikin dumi weather. Don haɓaka tushen, ana amfani da tushen haɓaka tushe.

Cutar da kwari

Idan baku ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau na shuka ba, ana iya shafawa cututtuka da kwari. Wannan an bayyana hakan da alamu:

allura na araucaria sun zama rawaya kuma su faɗi - raunin danshi, busasshiyar iska a cikin ɗakin (daidaita ruwa da feshi);
bakin ciki, elongated harbe - karancin abinci mai gina jiki (abinci);
araucaria yana girma a hankali - wuce haddi mai narkewa a cikin ƙasa (don gyara sutturar kai ta hanyar haɓaka kashi na potassium da phosphorus);
canza launin launi na araucaria needles - rashin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske).

Araucaria na iya shafar wani mealybug, kwari masu kwari, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, aphids. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari a kansu.

Nau'in araucaria na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin yanayin halitta, akwai kusan nau'ikan 18 na araucaria. Wasu daga cikinsu sun saba da yanayin gida.

Yankin Araucaria (Araucaria heterophylla, Araucaria kyau)

Evergreen coniferous itacen tare da kambi dala. A cikin tsire-tsire masu girma, gangar jikin ta kece rabin. Bakin duhu mai duhu yana da wuya. Lightarancin haske mai sauƙi koren kore suna da nasihu waɗanda suke da taushi ga taɓawa.

Araucaria kunkuntar, ko Brasil (Araucaria brasiliensis)

Bishiyar itace mai dumu-dumu tare da rataye da bakin ciki da koren kore mai haske (har zuwa 5 cm) needles.

Araucaria columnar, ko Cook Araucaria (Araucaria columnaris)

Itace coniferous densely an rufe shi da gajerun harbe da ke a kusurwar dama ga akwati. Yana kafa cones, tsawonsa ya kai mm 100.

Kyakkyawan tsari, allurar kore mai laushi da ƙanshin coniferous ƙamshi halaye ne na araucaria. Kyakkyawan kyakkyawa ya warkar da iska, yana haifar da coziness da manyan ruhohi a cikin gidan.