Ripsalis ne mai ban mamaki na zamani. Zai yi wuya mutum yayi tunanin wakilin gidan 'yan gidan Cactus. Cactus baya girma a cikin hamada, amma a cikin dazuzzukan daji na Brazil. Shootsasanta masu ƙyalƙyali da ke rataye a ƙasa suna rataye a cikin wani tebur na kore ko samar da hat. A gida, ripsalis yana jin daɗi kuma da sauri yana gina taro kore. A cikin fewan shekaru kaɗan tare da kulawa ta dace zaka iya samun babban tsiro mai kyau.
Bayanin Botanical
Ripsalis shine tsiro mai tsami da ke da ƙananan rhizome na waje. Don kare tushen daga ruwan sama mai kyau da ƙasa mai ambaliyar ruwa, murtsunguwa kan zauna akan bishiyoyi.
Harbe da shuka ya ƙunshi ƙananan elongated lobes. Zasu iya samun sikelin cylindrical, fasasshen ƙira ko sifar da aka yanke. An rufe lobes tare da ruwan kwasfa mai haske mai santsi. Wasu nau'ikan sun ba da fata iri-iri tare da zufa mai laushi. An shirya sassan a cikin whorls, don haka kowane harbe ya samar da babban reshe kuma mai yawa. Tsawonsa shine 70-100 cm, nisa daga tushe yana 3-4 mm ne kawai. Young tsire-tsire kama sabon abu kore bushes, amma hankali lashes sauka. A ƙarshen ɓangarorin, ana kafa tushen iska.
A cikin dubura ko a fi na harbe, fure Kadaitaccen tsari fure. Suna da siffar kararrawa tare da layuka da yawa na kanti da ke da fadi da kuma kango. Ana fentin furanni na Ripsalis da fari, launin rawaya ko ruwan hoda. Lokacin fure ya faɗi ne a watan Oktoba-Janairu, lokacin da lokacin zafi ya fara a kudu hemisphere.
Idan furanni suna pollinated, ƙaramin berries taso keya a cikin su. A cikin sifa, sun yi kama da gooseberries kuma an rufe su da gajeriyar suttura, ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi.
Iri Ripsalis
A cikin halittar ripsalis, akwai kusan nau'ikan 60. Yawancinsu suna iya girma musamman a vivo, kuma wasu sun saba da al'adu.
Ripsalis Barchela. Itace ta ƙunshi kunkuntar silsilagin rassa tare da diamita na 2 mm da tsawonsa game da cm 6. Tushen an rufe shi da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙananan ƙarairayin fata.
Ripsalis na gashi ne. Dankin yana da bakin ciki da kuma tsawon lokaci. Sukan yi ta jujjuya kalma, suna kama da murfin shuɗi fari. M harbe harbe rataye daga tukunya kuma an densely rufe da fararen furanni a ƙarshen kaka.
Ripsalis yana da matsala. Cactus harbe suna cylindrical ko kwalban-mai siffa. Da farko, ana karkatar da su ne ta tsaye, amma a kan lokaci za su zama a ƙarƙashin nauyinsu. Yanki a diamita shine 2-3 mm, kuma tsawonsa - cm 5. Tsawon bulala ya kai 1 m.
Ripsalis cassata (wofi). Dankin ya ƙunshi siririn silsila mai tushe na launin koren haske. Bala'in zai iya kai mita 3 a tsayi, kuma sikelin shine 10-50 cm flowersananan furanni masu launin fari da ke fitowa daga ƙarshen harbe.
Ripsalis pilocarp. Tsarin yana da ƙarin duhu kore harbe. Yawancin bangarori a farfajiyar lobes suna dauke da dogon gashi mai launin shuɗi. Wannan ripsalis yana furewa sau da yawa a shekara. Furanni masu launin shuɗi suna hade da furanni da kan gado mai tsayi, don haka suna ganin ƙarancin yanayi ne.
Ripsalis shine elliptical. Matakan 1-2 m tsawo sun hada da ɗakin kwana da faffadar sassan da aka rufe su da ƙananan mashigan ruwa. Furannin ana yin furanni tare da gefen gefen Labe kuma suna da launin rawaya mai haske.
Ripsalis prismatic. Furen yana da yawancin silima kwalliya mai tsayi mai tsayi mai tsayi zuwa 15 cm. A dandanorsa akwai wasu harbe da suke fuskoki waɗanda fuskoki 3-5 da suka yi kama da sifar. A lokacin furanni, an rufe shi da fararen furanni.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Ripsalis yaduwa ana aiwatar dashi ta hanyar shuka tsaba ko dasa tushe mai tushe. Tsaba da sauri rasa ƙarfin su na germination, don haka suna buƙatar a shuka su nan da nan bayan girbi, bayan an bi da su da maganin manganese. An samar da amfanin gona a cikin kwantena mai santsi tare da cakuda peat da vermiculite. Yayyafa da ƙasa ba su buƙata. Ana shayar da ƙasa kuma an rufe ta da fim, ana samun iska ta yau da kullun. A zazzabi na + 23 ... + 25 ° C, harbe-harben sada zumunta suna bayyana a ƙarshen sati na biyu. 'Ya'yan Seedlings suna buƙatar zafi da daki mai haske. Yana da kyau a watsa su da yawa a cikin tukunya ɗaya.
Don yada ripsalis tare da yanke, ya isa a kwance yankin tare da lobes 2-3. Harbi ya bushe tsawan sa'o'i da yawa, sannan kuma ya dasa a cikin yashi mai laushi da ƙasa. Rooting yana ɗaukar makonni 1-2, bayan da sannu a hankali sabbin sassan abubuwa zasu fara bayyana.
Dokokin Canje-canje
Tunda yana da sauki mu lalata Tushen bakin ciki da tangled harbe yayin rakewar ripsalis, ana yin su ne kawai idan ya cancanta. Yi amfani da kwantena da ƙanana da yawa a cikin shimfidar bene ko rataye masu shirin jirgin ruwa. Soilasa don ripsalis yakamata ya ƙunshi babban adadin abubuwan gina jiki kuma suna da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗanɗano acidic. Gaurayawan tare da abun da ke biye sun dace:
- yashi;
- humus humus;
- ƙasar turf
- peat.
Ofarshen tukunya yana liƙe da ƙananan pebbles ko shards. Juyawar ana aiwatar da ita ta hanyar hanyar jingina wata tsohuwar mahaifa ta fari. A cikin mako guda bayan magudi, shayarwa tana iyakance.
Siffofin Kulawa
Kulawa da ripsalis a gida baya buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai. Yana da mahimmanci a zabi wurin da ya dace don shuka kuma a wasu lokuta kula da shi.
Haske Ripsalis sun fi son hasken da ya bazu. Suna iya tsayayya da karamin penumbra, amma suna wahala daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Don lokacin rani, ana bada shawara don ɗaukar fure zuwa faranti mai shinge ko veranda.
Zazzabi Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shuka shine + 18 ... + 22 ° C. A ranakun zafi, kuna buƙatar sanya iska a cikin kwano ko sanya cactus akan titi. Jirgin iska zai taimaka wajen sanyaya yanayi. Shuka ba ya jin tsoron zane-zane, amma iska mai ƙarfi da iska zata iya lalata harbewa. Don hunturu, ya zama dole don canja wurin ripsalis zuwa dakin sanyi tare da zazzabi na + 10 ... + 12 ° C.
Haushi. Babu bukatar a riƙa kula da tsananin zafi a kusa da ripsalis. Yana iya dacewa da sauƙin yanayin gida. Lokaci zuwa lokaci yana da amfani don wanka shi a ƙarƙashin wanka mai dumi. Idan tukunya tana kusa da gidan ruwa, ana bada shawarar furen.
Watse. Ya kamata a shayar da Ripsalis akai-akai da yalwa, amma tsakanin ban ruwa ya kamata ƙasa ta bushe ta uku. A lokacin dormancy, an rage yawan ruwa. Ana amfani da ruwa a zazzabi a daki, a tsaye.
Taki. A lokacin tsirrai masu aiki, sau biyu a wata ana bada shawarar amfani da takin gargajiya domin cacti ga kasar gona. Ya isa don amfani da rabin kashi da aka nuna akan kunshin. Wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa takin ya ƙunshi mafi ƙarancin gishiri na salts na nitrogen, in ba haka ba haɗarin tushen lalata yana ƙaruwa.
Cutar da kwari. Ripsalis na iya shan wahala daga tushen rot tare da magudanar ruwa na yau da kullun. Subcooling na iya haifar da mutuwar ɓangarorin sassan. Mafi yawan kwari cactus kwari ne sikelin kwari da ja lebur ticks. Kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin yaƙar cututtukan fata yana nuna maganin sabulu. Ana bi da su tare da harbe, amma a tabbata cewa ruwa ba ya shiga cikin ƙasa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da maganin kashe kwari ("Karbofos", "Aktara").
