Gidan geranium. Girma da kulawa a gida

Geranium (Pelargonium) karya ne, amma mafi ƙwarewa kuma sunan da aka yarda da shi gaba ɗaya don fure pelargonium, don haka a nan gaba a mafi yawan lokuta zamu kira shi cewa.

A cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, pelargonium mafi yawanci kuskure ne ake kira geranium. Tsarin tsari, yana cikin gidan geraniums, wanda ya haɗa da geranium na granium da pelargonium. Furen cikin gida na yau da kullun don mu mallakar 'yan halittar "pelargonium".

Wakilan nau'ikan "Pelargonium" - baƙaƙe 'yan asalin Afirka ta Kudu. Daga cikinsu akwai nau'in dwarf wanda tsayinsa bai wuce 12.5 cm ba, kazalika da ƙattai tare da mai tushe har zuwa 1 m.

Kowane 'yan shekaru, da shuka yana bukatar pruning. Abin sa'a, geranium yayi girma sosai da sauri kuma ya sami girman 25-30 cm a cikin shekara.

Dankin yana da dogon fure - farawa daga farkon bazara kuma ya ƙare a ƙarshen kaka.

Girma geraniums a cikin gidan lambu an tura shi ba kawai ta hanyar sha'awar kyakkyawa ba, har ma da tunawa da yara. Zai iya, ba tare da wata shakka ba, a kira shi tsiro tare da tarihi. Ba abin mamaki bane ganin geraniums a cikin gidan da mutanen tsararrakin rayuwa ke zaune. Shuka Pelargonium al'ada ce.

M kaddarorin geraniums

Abubuwan warkarwa na geranium an san su da tsufa. Babban abu mai warkarwa na pelargonium shine geraniol.

Masu warkarwa a yau suna amfani da tushen da ganyen shuka tare da cututtukan da ke tafe:

• rashin bacci;
• ciwon kai;
• damuwa, bacin rai;
• radiculitis;
• tare da kwayan cuta da cututtukan fungal;
• neurosis;
• osteochondrosis, da sauransu.

An san cewa pelargonium yana da tasirin gaske akan sabuntawar fata, ƙarfin aiki da yanayin psychoemotional mutum.

Kula da geraniums a gida

Geranium ba shuka bane. Amma, ga kowane al'ada, don haɓaka mai kyau da fure, tana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayin rayuwa mafi dacewa.

Geranium mai hurawa

Girman geranium na fure na watanni da yawa. Wani fasali na halittar "pelargonium", wanda dakin geranium yake, shine tsarin fure mai fure. Alsasanta da ƙananan ƙananann suna daga siffofi daban-daban.

Dangane da iri-iri, furanni na iya zama fari, ruwan hoda, ja, burgundy. Girman da inflorescences kuma ya dogara da iri-iri. Akwai manyan wakilai guda biyu masu ruwa-ruwa, kuma iri ne tare da furanni waɗanda basa ɗauke da darajar darajar ta musamman.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Geranium ya fito ne daga ƙasashe masu zafi, saboda haka ya fi son a yi ɗumi mai ɗumi. A cikin nau'ikan daban-daban, zafin jiki na shuka na iya bambanta. A matsakaici, ana ganin zafin jiki yana da kyau don rana a kusan 20-25⁰S, dare - 12-16⁰C.

Yanayin shuka ya bambanta da kakar: a cikin hunturu, geraniums ya kamata ya kasance a cikin dakin mai sanyi fiye da lokacin rani. A lokacin dumama, mafi kyawun ma'aunin zafi shine 18-20⁰C.

A cikin hunturu, dole ne a kiyaye fure daga radiators kuma a kiyaye shi daga zane-zane. Lokacin girma pelargonium, yakamata a haifa a hankali cewa ba ta son zafi da canjin zazzabi.

Haske

Furen yana da haƙurin jurewa akan yamma, gefen gabashin gidan. Amma geraniums a gida shine mafi girma a kan taga na kudu. Kyakkyawan bayyanar da shuka zai iya tabbata kawai idan awannin hasken rana ya wuce aƙalla 16 hours. In ba haka ba, mai tushe na geraniums sun fara yin tsawo da kuma samun bayyanar rubutun da ba a bayyana shi ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin hunturu ana bada shawara cewa a dasa hasken shuka da fitilun fitil.

Geranium na iya girma a cikin inuwa, amma a lokaci guda bayyanar tsiron ya bar abubuwa da yawa da ake so: an fallasa ƙananan ɓangaren gangar jikin, ganyayyaki sun yi ƙanƙanuwa, furanni suna kanto ko ba a kafa su kwata-kwata.

Watse

A lokacin rani, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yawan shayarwa sau da yawa a mako. A cikin hunturu, ana shayar da geraniums tare da karamin adadin ruwa kowane makonni 2.

Bukatar danshi an ƙaddara a gani - saman ƙasa ya bushe.

Furen yana da mummunar mummunar cutar overdrying da ambaliyar ƙasa.

Fesa

Furen geranium a gida baya buƙatar fesawa akai-akai. Humunƙantar da ganye ya zama dole ne kawai idan iska ta bushe sosai a cikin ɗakin - a ranakun zafi mai zafi ko a lokacin dumama.

Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya gudanar da tsabtataccen tsabta na ganyen.

Ciyar da geraniums

Pelargonium yana buƙatar ƙarin wuraren samar da abinci a cikin bazara da bazara. Mitar girke-girke yana sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2-3.

Lokacin bazara da bazara - lokacin aiki na geraniums. Saboda haka, takin mai magani don shi ya kamata a zaɓi tare da mahimmancin potassium, phosphorus. Yawan nitrogen a cikin shiri ya kamata kadan.

Ana amfani da abubuwa cikin tsari mai ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe, ko haifar da ciyar da foliar ta hanyar fesawa.

Kasar

Don dasa shuki fure, mai siyar da kayan girke-girke wanda aka shirya tare da alamar "duniya" ko "don pelargonium" ya dace. Lokacin sayen, ya kamata ka kula da abubuwan haɗin ƙasa. Bai kamata ya ƙunshi babban humus ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da wuce gona da iri na sassan kore da kuma dakatar da fure.

Ganin ba da ƙarancin ƙasan ƙasa, ƙwararrun masana sun bada shawarar yin haɗa kai don geraniums da kanka.

Mixasa ƙasa zaɓuɓɓuka:

1. yashi, turɓayar ƙasa, peat, humus (a cikin rabo na 1: 2: 2: 2);
2. yashi, peat, filin lambun (1: 2: 2).

Juyawa

Pelargonium zai fi dacewa a dasa shi a cikin tukwane na yumɓu. Tabbatar samun ramin magudanar ruwa a cikinsu.

Lokacin kulawa da geraniums a gida, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa manyan kwantena ba su dace da dasa shi ba, saboda haka wannan yana shafar furensu.

Juyin yana gudana ne a lokacin bazara-kaka. Bukatar hanyar an ƙaddara ta tushen, wanda ya fara bayyana daga ramin magudanan ruwa.

A cikin tsire-tsire na manya, ko da ba a daskarar da su a cikin tukunya ba, ana canza ƙasa duk 'yan shekaru.

Tabbataccen abu don dasawa shine rufin magudanar ruwa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa.

Mai jan tsami

Kyakkyawan pelargonium ba za a iya girma ba tare da samuwar daji ba. Ba tare da sarewa ba, tsiron ya shimfiɗa, mai tushe ya yi kauri kuma ya zama danda, fure ya zama mai ƙyalli.

Geranium mafi yawa ana kafa shi a cikin bazara. An cire yawancin ganye da mai tushe. Wannan pruning na tura lokacin fure. Amma a lokaci guda, daji yana sabuntawa kuma yana da kyan gani, furanni kuma suna daɗaukaka.

Don samar da kyakkyawan daji, shuka shima yana buƙatar pinching, cire ganye bushe da furanni.

Pelargonium an shirya shi don hunturu ta yanke duk sassan da ke ƙasa mai rauni.

Yaduwa da geraniums

Yada geraniums ba shi da wahala. Don yin wannan, ya isa ya sayi tsaba a cikin shagon kuma shuka su ko yanka gungume apical daga tsararren shuka da dasa shi.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Tare da taimakon ganyen, pelargonium galibi ana yadu dashi a cikin kaka ko bazara. Amma shuka tana rayuwa sosai a kowane lokaci na shekara.

Ana ɗauka yankan shine hanya mafi sauƙi na haifuwa, saboda haka ya fi dacewa da masu farawa. Hanyar kamar haka:

1. yanke tare da tsawon 7-15 cm an yanke daga saman daji;
2. cire fure da ƙananan ganye;
3. an sanya itace a ruwa kuma a sanya shi a wani wuri mai dauke da adadin hasken rana.

Yanke yanki na daji da sauri Forms asalinsu. Yawanci, geraniums suna shirye don dasawa makonni 2 bayan pruning.

Tsarin iri

Seedaukar ƙwayar ƙwayar pelargonium ya fi tsayi kuma yana iyakance cikin lokaci - ana samun shi ne kawai a bazara.

Kafin shuka, tsaba daga cikin shuka an shirya shi da farko - soyayyen cikin nama mai narkewa. Amma wannan hanyar ba ta zama ta wajibi ba ce, yawancin tsaba an riga an sarrafa su ta hanyar mai samarwa.

Shiryayyen iri ana shuka shi a cikin cakuda ƙasa. Ruwa da murfi tare da fim ko gilashi. Sanya shi a cikin wurin dumi. Na farko harbe kamata bayyana ba daga baya fiye da kwanaki 14 bayan shuka.

Bayan bayyanar ganye na hakika da yawa, ana saukowa daga ƙasa.

Cutar da kwari

A gida, alamun bayyanar cutar na iya bayyana a cikin geraniums:

• baƙar fata - daji yana cutar da naman gwari (kafa na kafa);
• rashin furanni - babu isasshen haske, adadin takin mai wuce kima ko shuka ba a yanka;
• launin toka mai launin toka a ƙasan ruwan ƙamshi da kara - Sakamakon mahimmancin aikin fungi (mold mold);
• launin ruwan kasa ganye - dakin ya bushe;
• rawaya da ja ganye a kasan tushe - inji mai sanyi ko iskar ta bushe;
• kore sassan geranium juya ja - dakin yayi sanyi;
• Rotting na kara - ambaliya;
• fararen da'ira akan ganye - naman gwari (tsatsa);
• rawaya ganye gefuna - karancin haske ko zubar da shi na al'ada na tsoffin ganye;
• danyen ciyawa - anti-tsufa pruning wajibi ne;
• launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye - rashin danshi;
• rawaya aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki - kunar rana a jiki.

Amma ga kwari, to, mazaunan pelargonium na iya zama:

• mealybugs;
• gizo-gizo gizo-gizo;
• fararen fata;
• ƙwayoyin cyclamen;
• aphids.

Nau'in geranium na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Pelargonium na dabi'ar ya hada da nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 250. Daga cikinsu akwai pelargonium, bred na musamman don namo gida, da tsire-tsire don buɗe ƙasa.

Geranium mai ɗaci

Pelargonium daga kudu maso gabashin Afirka. Saboda drooping mai tushe a cikin ɗakin, ana amfani dashi sau da yawa azaman ƙwayar ampel. A ganye ne m, wani lokacin tare da kadan pubescence. Wide - har zuwa 10 cm.

Dogon fure - daga bazara zuwa kaka. Yawan furanni a cikin laima ya kai 8. Canza launi na iya zama ja, fari, ruwan hoda.

Geranium na sarauta

Royal pelargoniums na iya girma gaba ɗaya a cikin gida. Akwai ganyayyaki da yawa. Farfajiyar tayi kyau sosai ko kuma ta yi laushi.

Tsirren tsirrai - har zuwa cm 50. afaafafin Lea almostan odwatsar kusan warkarwa

Ba kamar sauran nau'in ba, furanni sun fi girma - har zuwa 7 cm a diamita. Launin launuka na iya zama fari, ja, ruwan hoda, shunayya, burgundy, da sauransu. Lokacin fure shine kaka-kaka.

Geranium

Geranium na itace babba mai tsayi, mai tushe wanda zai iya kasancewa har zuwa 0.8-1.5 m. Ganye yana da siffar mai zagaye. A saman cincin ganye akwai launin launin toka mai launin "bel". Daci ga taɓawa, na iya kasancewa kaɗan isasshen abinci.

Furanni masu launin ja. Laima tana da dumbin yawa. Dogon fure - daga bazara zuwa kaka.

Geranium mai kamshi

A waje yayi kama da karamin ɗan itace har zuwa 22 cm tsayi.

Leaf ruwan wukake bayan gida, mai daɗi ga taɓawa. Girman - har zuwa 2.5 cm. Suna haifar da ƙanshin mai daɗi.

Flow yana faruwa a lokacin rani. A cikin laima guda ɗaya, an kafa ƙananan furanni 10. Launinsu na iya zama ruwan hoda ko fari.

Geranium shine tsire-tsire marasa fassara wanda koda masu fara girki zasu iya girma. Babban abu lokacin girma shine samar dashi isasshen haske kuma datsa shi cikin lokaci. An bambanta Geranium ta yawancin adadin iri, don haka kowane mai ƙaunar fure mai ƙanshi na iya zaɓar nau'in da ya dace wa kansu.