Pachistahis - kulawa ta gida, hoto

Pachistachis (Azariya) - bishiyar perennial da ke shudewa Zuriyar Kudancin Amurka: mahaifarta ita ce gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na Mexico da Peru. A dabi'a, shuka zai iya kaiwa girman girma na gaske, yana shimfiɗa har zuwa mita da yawa kuma ya samar da kambi mai ƙarfi.

Tare da abun ciki na daki, pachistachis yana haɓaka a hankali, yana ƙara kimanin 8-13 cm a cikin girman kowace shekara. A gida, ba tare da yin huda ba, yana da ikon yin girma zuwa kusan 120 cm ba ga tsawo.

Abubuwan rarrabe na rarrabe na shrub: na bakin ciki har da manyan harbe, yalwataccen ganyayyaki mai launuka masu launuka masu launuka daban-daban da launuka masu ban mamaki - “kunnuwa” na launin shuɗi ko launin ja mai haske.

	Sannu a hankali girma. Don shekara ɗaya, shuka yana ƙara 10-13 cm a tsayi.
	Yana fure a lokacin rani. Inflorescences wanda ya lalace yana buƙatar a cire shi.
	Itace mai sauki tayi girma.
	Perennial shuka.

M kaddarorin amfani na pachistachis

Tun da pachistachis mai guba ne, ƙimar wannan shuka ga lambu tana ta'allaka ne da kyawawan halayenta. Itace ciyawar daji na pachistachis, wanda aka yiwa kamfen da sabon abu, na iya yin ado da kanta ba wai ɗaki ko gida ba, amma kuma za ta yi duba a ɗakunan aji, ofisoshi, dakunan karatu da sauran wuraren taruwar jama'a.

Kulawar Gida na Pachistachis (A takaice)

Zazzabi	A cikin watanni na rani - 21-24 ° C, tare da farkon hunturu, dole ne a rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa 15-18 ° C.
Jin zafi	50% da sama. Dankin yana mayar da martani ga zagayen shekara ta yau da kullun tare da ruwa mai laushi.
Haske	Haske, warwatse. Matsakaicin da yafi dacewa don fure shine sill na taga na gabas, lokacin da girma akan windows ta kudu, ana buƙatar shading.
Watse	Regular, matsakaici, ba tare da ambaliya da overdrying na earthen coma. A lokacin rani, ana shayar da tsire-tsire kowane kwana 3, a cikin hunturu - kowane ranakun 10-14.
Kasar	Haske, mai numfashi. Don shuka, zaku iya siyan cilin da ya dace da buƙatunsa ko shirya cakuda ƙasa, kanku, ɗaukar 1 na sod ƙasar, yashi da perlite kuma hada su da sassan 2 na peat ko ƙasa mai ganye. Don musayar iska mai kyau, dole ne a zubar da lokacin farin ciki mai zurfi a cikin tukunyar tukunyar.
Taki da taki	Kawai a cikin lokacin girma na aiki (a lokacin rani), ba fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin makonni 3-4.
Juyawa	Annual, a tsakiyar bazara. Ko da ta lokaci na shekara, tsire-tsire da aka saya a kantin sayar da buƙatar buƙatar juyawa.
Kiwo	Yankan. Yawancin lokaci kafe sassan mai tushe mai tushe bayan pruning. Don yin wannan, an sanya su a cikin kwantena tare da daskararru, sako mai kwance kuma an rufe gilashin ko polyethylene na tsawon makonni 3, samar da su lokacin shayarwa da iska mai zafi da kimanin 24 ° C.
Siffofin Girma	Harbe yana da matukar saukin kamuwa da shimfiɗawa, don haka lokacin da girma pachistachis a gida, kuna buƙatar kula da samar da kayan da aka shuka, in ba haka ba zai hanzarta rasa kayan ado na kayan ado. Pachistachis ba sa son zayyanawa, suna bi da su ta hanyar saukar da ganye a hankali, don haka ya kamata a sanya furanni a buɗe daga windows. A lokacin rani, ana iya ɗaukar tsire-tsire a waje, yana samar musu da inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye

Kula da pachistachis a gida (daki daki)

Saukowa

Haɗin pachistachis na farko yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a haɓakarsa, kodayake ba shi da wahala musamman. An dasa shuka a cikin ƙasa na musamman, wanda a baya ya hadu da kowane irin kayan halitta. Pachistachis ya dace da kayan masarufi don kayan ado ko kayan fure.

Bayan dasawa, an shayar da daji sosai domin tushen ya daidaita a cikin ƙasa. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, da shuka hankali fara accustom ga hasken rana da kuma na yau da kullum watering.

Gudun ruwa

A cikin yanayi, pachistachis blooms shekara-shekara, a cikin yanayi na cikin gida, furanni yawanci yakan kasance daga tsakiyar hunturu zuwa tsakiyar kaka. A inflorescences na shuka kama wuya kunnuwa a cikin siffar, da haske faranti faranti, wanda aka kuskure sau da yawa domin fure petals, a zahiri kawai bracts, daga abin da ainihin furanni fure - nondescript, spongy, milky fari.

Furannin ba su daɗe a kan tsirrai kuma suna cukuɗuwa cikin kwanaki 3-4 bayan rushewa, yayin da takalmin ke riƙe adonsu da ƙanshin su tsawon makonni.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Pachistachis, kasancewa tsire-tsire ne na wurare masu zafi, yana da zafi sosai, saboda haka mafi sauƙin tsarin zazzabi a gare shi shine: yayin lokacin ciyayi mai aiki kusan 23 ° C (amma ba sama da 25 ° C - zafi yana hana fure ba), a cikin hunturu - kimanin 16 ° C (amma ba ƙasa da 14 ° C) C, in ba haka ba shuka zai iya mutuwa daga cututtukan jini.

Hakanan ya kamata a kiyaye pachistachis na gida daga ɓoyo kuma a nisantar da shi daga zafin “wucin gadi” na kayan dumama.

Fesa

Halin rayuwa na pachistachis yana da alaƙa da girman iska, wanda yake da wahalar kiyayewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin cikin gida. Don sa shuka su ji daɗi a gida ko a cikin ofis, dole ne a fesa kullun da ruwa mai laushi mai ɗumi.

Dole ne a aiwatar da wannan hanyar shekara-shekara tare da mita sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 2-3.

Spraying tsire-tsire a lokacin fure, ya kamata a guji danshi daga inflorescences.

Haske

Kasancewa da pachistachis, kula da gida yana kula da shi yana farawa da zaɓin madaidaicin wurin "mazaunin" furen. Baƙi na wurare masu zafi suna matukar son hasken rana, amma daga haskoki kai tsaye na iya samun konewar ganye, saboda haka ya kamata ka sanya fure a gabas ko windows maso gabas. Lokacin girma pachistachis a kan windowsill na kudu, dole ne a girgiza shuka daga hasken rana sosai.

Watse

Pachistachis ya fita da sauri kwantar da danshi, saboda haka shuka ana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun: a lokacin rani - kowane kwanaki 3-4, a cikin hunturu - aƙalla lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 10-14. Idan babu isasshen danshi, furen da kansa zai sanar da mai watsa shiri: kamar yadda ruwa yake gudana daga ƙasa, kambin pachistachis zai fara ɓarkewa, ganyayyaki suyi laushi su faɗi ƙasa.

Ba shi da mahimmanci a gwada haƙurin tsire-tsire, saboda ko da bayan daɗaɗa sosai, ciyawar da take bushe ba ta da ikon sake dawo da tsohon kamannin ta, kuma ciyawar da ta riga ta wushe tabbas tana iya faɗuwa nan da nan.

Pachistachis Kasar gona

Selectedasan da aka zaɓa daidai shine babban yanayin don haɓakar al'ada da haɓakar haɓakar pachistachis. Soilasa don ita ya kamata ta kasance mai kwance kuma ɗan ƙaramin acidic. Kuna iya shirya substrate a gida ta hanyar haɗa turf, peat, humus, ƙasa mai ganye da yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1: 1.

Canjin iska na yau da kullun a tushen ana amfani da shi ta hanyar yin amfani da kwararar magudanar lãka da aka zuba a cikin tukunyar tukunyar tare da lokacin farin ciki.

Taki da taki

Girma pachistachis a gida, kuna buƙatar kulawa da ingantaccen abinci na shuka a duk matakan haɓaka. Mafi dacewa lokacin ciyarwa shine lokacin girman aiki, farawa daga bazara kuma ya kasance har zuwa farkon kaka.

Takin furen tare da shirye-shiryen hadaddun kowane mako 3-4 har zuwa farkon farawar aiki. Kafin takin, kasar gona a cikin tukunya tana shayar da yalwa sosai har sai Tushen ya fi dacewa da shan abubuwan gina jiki.

Juyin pachistachis

An shawarci masu girka kwararrun suyi pachistachis matasa a kowace shekara., da tsire-tsire waɗanda suka kai shekaru 4 - sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3 ko ma ƙasa, suna mai da hankali kan yanayin dazuka. Idan pachistachis ya cika jama'a a tukunya, ganyayenta su bushe, kuma a al'amuran da suka ci gaba, kambi na iya zama mai kauri saboda bushewa da magarya

A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana buƙatar dasa shuka cikin gaggawa cikin tukunya mafi girma. Ana zuba farin yumɓu ko yumɓu a cikin sabon akwati da ke da kauri 3 cm, to, tukunya ta cika da sinadarin da za a girka a ciki, an gama dasa abubuwa ta hanyar wadatar ruwa.

Mai jan tsami

Domin furen pachistachis ya samu bayyanar lafiya da tsinkaye a gida, dole ne a yanke suturar ta da elongated a kai a kai. Ana yin tuhuma ta farko a nesa da kusan 15 cm daga ƙasa. Har ila yau, ana fitar da sabon sabbin ƙwayar tsiron a matakin ganyen ukun na uku sama da ire-iren kwanukan. Za'a iya yin irin wannan hanya akan mabuɗin bayan rawanin.

Kawai 'yan scraps a shekara ya isa ya samar da ciyawar daji na pachistachis tare da kambin sabon abu mai girma da kuma siffar.

Yaduwa da pachistachis ta yanke

A cikin yanayin namo na cikin gida, pachistachis yana yaduwar tsiron ne. Dasa kayan yana girbe lokacin dasa shuki na shuka. Don tushen, ana zaɓi guda biyu tare da internode guda biyu (watau ana da nau'ikan ganye biyu). Tushen haɓakar Tushen yana iya faruwa ne a cikin ruwa na yau da kullun, amma ana iya samun tushen a cikin kowane m, substrate sako-sako.

Don ingantaccen tushe, yankuna suna haifar da yanayi na musamman na greenhouse, rufe akwati tare da kayan dasa tare da fim ko gilashi. Irin wannan "greenhouse" dole ne a shayar da shi a kai a kai kuma a iska. Idan kafewar shuka ba zato ba tsammani ta fara sauke ganye - kada ku damu, wannan al'ada ce. Kuna iya hana foliage fadowa ta hanyar yanke rabin shi daga yan itace a gaba, amma babu buƙatar musamman don wannan taron.

Tushen cikakke ne yakan fito a jikin tsire-tsire bayan makonni 2-3. Bayan wannan lokaci, ana iya dasa shuki matasa a cikin tukwane na fure. Ana ba da shawarar sanya ganyen 3-4 a kowane tukunya - don haka tsire-tsire za su yi kama da kyan gani.

Cutar da kwari

Pachistachis wata itaciya ce kuma mai girman gaske, amma wani lokacin har yanzu tana kan wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya:

wither ƙananan ganye pachistachis- furen ba shi da isasshen danshi, wajibi ne don daidaita yanayin shayarwa;
ƙananan ganyen pachistachis sun faɗi - wannan shine matakin da aka saba gani na ci gaba da tsufa na shuka, yana yiwuwa a magance ganyayyaki na fadowa kawai tare da rigakafin tsufa na yau da kullun na daji. Pachistachis kuma na iya sauke ganyayyaye ba zato ba tsammani a ƙarƙashin rinjayar sanyi ko daftarin;
pachistachis baya fure - da furanni Bloom kawai a matasa harbe, wanda ya sa shuka sake yarda da lush fure, dole ne ya sake sabunta ta hanyar pruning da pinching. Bugu da kari, inji na iya samun isasshen rana, wanda a cikin sa an sake shirya shi a wani wuri mai haske;
furannin pachistachis sun lalace kuma suka faɗi - wani sabon abu ne wanda ba kasafai yake faruwa ba wanda ya faru saboda rashin ruwa da zayyanawa;
kodadde ganye a pachistachis - Alamar rashin haske da danshi. Mayar da kambi mai launi mai tsabta zai taimaka kyakkyawan haske da kuma shayarwar yau da kullun;
tukwicin cikin ganyayyaki ya bushe kuma ya yi launin rawaya - a cikin dakin da pachistachis yake, busasshiyar ƙasa kuma tayi zafi sosai. Za'a iya magance matsalar ta hanyar fesa ruwa akai-akai da ruwa mai laushi.

Mayaƙan furanni na iya fuskantar shimfidar tsaran tsire-tsire, datse ganyayyakinsa da furanni - waɗannan alamun alamu ne na rashin isasshen haske don daidaita yanayin, dole ne a tura pachistachis zuwa wurin da yafi rana. Kuma idan shuka ta yi saurin yin girma ko ma ta daina haɓakawa, an adana kayan abinci a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke nufin cewa pachistachis yana buƙatar ciyarwar gaggawa.

Mutane da yawa kuma sau da yawa marasa lafiya furanni dasa a cikin ƙasa nauyi ko fallasa ga mai yawa watering. Kadai ne kawai a cikin sabon gurɓataccen sako da kuma tsananin riko da tsarin ban ruwa na iya ceton shuka wanda ya riga ya wahala daga kulawar da ba ta dace ba.

Daga cikin kwari da ke nuna sha'awar pachistachis, kwari da ke gaba suna kawo hatsari ga shuka:

gizo-gizo mite;
mealybug;
sikelin kwari da fari;
thrips.

Nau'in pachistachis na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Ba za a iya kiran sifa ta pachistachis da yawa ba: tana da nau'ikan guda 12 ne kawai waɗanda suka banbanta da launi, da nau'in inflorescences, gwargwadon girman daji. Mafi mashahuri nau'in sune pachistachis rawaya (Pachystachys lutea).

Pachistachis rawaya (Pachystachys lutea)

Pachistachis rawaya shine mai shudewa game da 1 m mai girma tare da kambi mai yawa wanda kafa ya kafa, partially lignified harbe. Ganyen duhu duhu inuwa, m sosai tare da kunkuntar tukwici da bayyananniyar riked veins. Inflorescences suna da sifa-kamanniya mai launin shuɗi mai haske da furanni masu duhu, ana fentin su cikin fararen launin fari.

Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan pachistachis waɗanda galibi ba'a horar dasu a gida sune pachistachis ja (P. cocc Guinea) da kuma ƙwanƙwasa pachistachis (Pachystachys spicata).