Albasa suna girma ko'ina, amma a cikin yankuna na arewacin da kuma kewayen birni, har kwanan nan, kawai an gano dasa shuki. Yanzu, a cikin wadannan yankuna, sun fi son dasa damin wannan amfanin gona. Tun da akwai nau'ikan albasa na hunturu da yawa, suna tsira da hunturu sosai, kuma a shekara mai zuwa suna ba da girbi na farko.
Fa'idodi na dasa Onan Albasa a Fallasar
Shuka albasa na hunturu yana da fa'idodi masu yawa:
- Riba. A cikin kaka akwai karancin damuwar a gonar fiye da lokacin bazara. Akwai ƙarancin kula da dasa tsiro na hunturu, tunda amfanin gona ya fito da rashin ciyawar kwari da kwari, yayin da ake samun danshi mai yawa daga dusar ƙanƙara kuma tsire-tsire ba za a iya shayar da su ba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙaramin saƙar albasa ya dace da dasa hunturu, saboda haka tanadi kuɗi.
- Yawan aiki Girbi kusan wata daya a baya, kwararan fitila sun fi kyau kuma sun fi girma, idan aka kwatanta da shuka da aka dasa.
- Tsaro. Albasa da aka dasa a cikin faduwar ya yi matukar kyau, sabili da haka, danshi da ke ciki an ƙunshi shi a cikin ƙaramin adadin, wannan yana ba da damar ƙara rayuwar shiryayye (amma ajiyar maɓallin bazara ya fi kyau).
Waɗanne irin albasarta za a iya dasa a cikin hunturu?
Kusan dukkan nau'ikan albasa, banda leeks, sun dace da dasa hunturu. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, suna shuka:
- Nigella - kayan shuka daga wanda a cikin bazara ake shirya ƙaramar albasa don dasa shuki da albasa mai ganye.
- Ovsyuzhku (shuka) - dasa kayan, ba da a watan Yuli cikakken kai.
- Batun wani nau'in perennial ne wanda ke samar da farkon bitamin kore mai bazara.
- Shallot wani nau'in sanyi ne mai sanyin sanyi, yana bayarwa daga kwan fitila har guda 15.
Shahararrun nau'ikan hunturu
| Take | Bayani, fasali |
| Radar F1 | Yaren mutanen Holland iri-iri. Yana jure yanayin zafi har zuwa -25 ° C idan akwai murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Lokacin 'yanɗar farkon fari ne. 'Ya'yan itacen suna zagaye har zuwa gram 350. Dandano shi ne tsibiri. Tsayawa yayi kyau. |
| Stuttgart Riesen | Jamusanci Lokacin tumatuwa shine tsakiyar girma (kwana 110). 'Ya'yan itace tare da siffar lebur har zuwa gram 150. Danshi yaji dadi. Tsayawa yayi kyau. |
| Shakespeare | Dusar ƙanƙara-da - har zuwa -18 ° C, ɗamarar kariya mai nauyi. Ripening a baya. 'Ya'yan itacen matsakaici ne, girmansu har zuwa gram 120. A dandano ne sashin ƙasa mai shiga teku. |
| Red baron | Bishiyar sanyi Ripening a baya (90 days). 'Ya'yan itacen ja ne, har zuwa gram 250. Dandano shi ne tsibiri. Tsayawa sosai. Tsayayya da kwari da cututtuka. |
| Sturon | Yaren Dutch. Cold jurewa. 'Ya'yan itacen yana da elongated a cikin nau'i na ellipse, har zuwa 220 grams. Danshi mai daci-mai kaifi, kamshi yana da dauri. Tsayawa yayi kyau. |
| Gwannayar F1 | Yaren Jafananci. Sanyi mai jurewa - har zuwa -28 ° C. An zagaye 'ya'yan itacen tare da wuyan bakin ciki, har zuwa gram 200. Tsayayya a harbi. Ripening daga baya (kwanaki 135). |
| Ruby | Yankin Ukrainian. 'Ya'yan itacen suna zagaye har zuwa gram 80 (feolet azurfa). Yin hamma yana da sauri (kwana 70). Tsayawa yayi kyau. |
Autumn saukowa ranakun
Ana shuka albasa na hunturu a cikin hunturu, ya dogara da iri-iri da yankin.
Chernushka
Lokacin shuka wannan albasa iri-iri ba mahimmanci. Ana iya samar da shi koda a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi a ƙarshen Nuwamba-Disamba. A wannan yanayin, an fi yin girki a gaba. Matsaloli na gari kai tsaye kan ƙasa mai sanyi tare da ƙari ƙasa mai ɗumi. Amfanin gona ne mulched.
Sevok
Nagari dasa shuki da damina. Lokacin dasa shuki kafin hunturu, saitin albasa yakamata ya sami lokacin bayar da tushe, amma a lokaci guda kore yakamata ya fito. Wannan lokacin shine kusan makonni biyu kafin a ci gaba da yin sanyi. Mafi kyawun lokacin shine lokacin da zazzage shi a + 5- + 6 ° C a sati.
Shallot
Matsaloli da ka iya saukowa a bazara da kaka. Podzimnaya - a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan watan ne na Oktoba, amma duk da haka ya zama dole don yin la’akari da yankin .. Ana yin saurin kaka lokacin wata daya kafin lokacin sanyi. Yana ɗaukar lokaci don tushen, amma bai kamata a ba da izinin fito da furanni ba.
Batun
Wannan iri-iri ana shuka su ne sau uku a shekara: Afrilu, Yuni, Oktoba. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, suna bin shawarar guda ɗaya kamar yadda ake batun dasa. An dauki watan Oktoba a matsayin wata mafi kyau;
Lunar albasa dasa na yankuna
Don duk tsire-tsire da albasarta, ranakun dasa damina an ƙaddara su ga yankuna daban-daban dangane da tsarin hasken rana.
| Yankin | Kwana | Siffofin |
| Kudu | Nuwamba - 21, 22, 29, 30. | Mulching (sawdust, foliage). |
| Yankin Moscow | Oktoba - 25. Nuwamba - 2, 3, 21, 22. | Tsara (rassan spruce, agrofibre). |
| Ural | Satumba - 27, 28; Oktoba - 6, 7. | Yi amfani da nau'in sanyi-sanyi, kariya mai haɓaka (babban ɓangaren rassan rassan spruce, agrofibre lokacin farin ciki). |
| Siberiya | Satumba - 27, 28. | Shuka mafi yawan nau'ikan sanyi-sanyi (Radar F1, Panther F1), kariya mai ƙarfi (babban ɓangaren rassan rassan spruce, lokacin farin ciki agrofibre). A cikin tsananin sanyi sosai, mutuwar kayan gona mai yiwuwa ne. |
Technologies, makirci da kuma dokokin ƙasa
Don samun kyakkyawan girbi, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ya dace, shirya kayan dasawa da dasa albasa bisa ga wani ƙirar.
Zaɓin shafin
Lokacin zabar wani wuri, dole ne a yi la'akari da adadin yanayi:
- Wajen wuri ya kamata ya kasance a kan ƙaramar rana, inda dusar ƙanƙara ta narke cikin bazara.
- Ba a yarda da rikodin ruwa ba.
- Lokacin zabar wani wuri, kuna buƙatar la'akari da ka'idojin jujjuyawar amfanin gona.
Bayan wadanne abubuwa ne za a shuka albasa?
Akwai albarkatu da dama da yawa bayan da albarkar albasa ta tsiro cikin sauri kuma amfanin gona tana da wadata, amma akwai kuma abubuwan da ba a ba da shawarar ba, bayan haka albasa na iya kamuwa kuma amfanin gona zai ƙanana da inganci.
- Magabata na kwarai - Legumes na takin, kabeji iri daban daban, tumatir, cucumbers.
- Dewararrun magabata - dankali, faski, seleri, karas, tafarnuwa, albasa.
Yana da kyau a shuka hatsi (Clover, buckwheat, mustard) a gaban albasa, sai dai hatsin rai da sha'ir.
Kasar
Ana shirya gado mai dasa albasa a gaba. Ilasa - humus-yashi ko loam, acidity mai tsaka tsaki. Don wadatar da shi, ana bada shawarar cewa:
- takin
- superphosphate (1 tablespoon a kowace murabba'in mita);
- itace ash.
Saukowa chernushki
Don samun kayan kore da kayan shuka, ana shuka tsaba a shekara mai zuwa:
- A kan gado da aka shirya a cikin tsummoki bisa ga makircin 2 zuwa 25, an shuka chernushka.
- Yi barci tare da ƙasa mai dumi 2 cm lokacin farin ciki.
- A hankali zube gado tare da amfanin gona, ciyawar ciyawa.
Dasa albasa saiti
Mataki-mataki-dasa albasa a kan turnip a cikin hunturu:
- Shuka abu (buhu) an zaɓi. Don dasa shuki, ɗauki ƙananan kwararan fitila (kusan 10-12 mm ba ƙari). Manyan sunada kyau ga ganye, amma suna harbi da sauri kuma albarkar ciyawar albasa zata kasance mai inganci.
- Jiƙa oatmeal a cikin bayani mai dumi (+ 45 ° C) na potassiumgangan (mintina 15), canja wuri zuwa jakar mayafi, saka a cikin batir mai ɗumi ko murhu na kwana uku.
- A kan gado da aka shirya, an shirya ramuka 10 zuwa 25, tare da zurfin kusan 6 cm.
- Yada albasa, yayyafa da ƙasa, dan kadan an haɗa.
- Rufe gado.
Fasahar aikin gona don albasa mai girma ba ta da wahala musamman idan kun san ƙa'idoji da lokacin shuka, da kuma zaɓan nau'in da ya dace.
