Krinum shine asalin Afrika ta Kudu na dangin amaryllis. Homelandasar mahaifarta ita ce ƙasa mai ban tsoro, yanayin wurare biyu. A yanayi, yayi girma a bankunan jikin ruwa. Krinum yana girma akan shafuka, a cikin dakuna, aquariums. Ci gaba da shuka a cikin sanyi ko dumi greenhouses.
Daga sunan Latin yana nufin “gashi”, saboda yadda furen yake kama da su. Kwakwalwa na ƙananan ƙananan har zuwa 5 cm, matsakaici na 10-15 cm, babba 20-25 cm. Ganyayyaki masu kauri ne, kintinkiri, tare da keɓaɓɓiyar farfajiya, ya kai tsawon 1.5 m.
Muhimmin fasalin shi ne cewa sabon ganyen sa yana tsinkaye cikin tubule, yana ɗaukar kamannin hoto mai tsayi tare da tsinkayen tsinkaye, girman su ya kai cm 15. Itace furen fure wani lokaci har zuwa tsawon m 1. Furen suna kan inflorescence, fari, ruwan hoda, tare da ƙanshin haske. A cikin 'ya'yan itacen akwai tsaba tare da ruwa don balaga yara. Don ƙaunar danshi, an kira shi dawamammen Lily.
Nau'in Krinum
A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan krinum sama da 150. Tebur da ke ƙasa yana nuna misalai na nau'in fure.
| Digiri | Matsakaicin Rarraba / Bayani |
| Iri dakin krinum | |
| Asiya | Asiya Kwan fitila mai guba ce. A inflorescence ƙunshi farin furanni 30 tare da ja stamens. Lokacin fure shine kaka-kaka. |
| M | Tsibirin Sumatra. A kan inflorescence akwai farin fari, ruwan hoda, furanni masu launin shuɗi. Blossom a farkon bazara. Zai yiwu maimaita fure. |
| Mura | Natal, Afirka ta Kudu. Mafi mashahuri jinsin a tsakanin lambu ne ake kira ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Inflorescence yana riƙe furanni 6-10. Yana fure a lokacin rani. |
| Albasa iri (Cape) | Wurare da ƙasa mai nauyi, Afirka ta Kudu. Furen yana riƙe furanni 8 akan shinge 3-5 cm Launin furanni fararen fata ne, wani lokacin kuma tare da adon shunayya mai ruwan hoda. M. Blossom a lokacin rani, Yuli-Agusta. |
| Foda | Natal, Afirka ta Kudu. Takaitaccen tsallakewar Moore da Cape nau'in krinum. A kan inflorescence ne 8-12 fari ko furanni ruwan hoda mai haske, mai kama da karrarawa. |
| Habasha (Abisiniya) | Duwatsun tsaunin ethiopia. Itaciyar fure tana yin fure mai fure 5-6 fari mara fararen furanni. |
| Babban | Tsaye a tafkin yamma na yammacin Afirka. Peduncle mai tsayi, yana riƙe da 3-12, sau da yawa har zuwa furanni 6 akan laima. Furanni masu sessile, launuka da stamens suna fari, gajeru. Fasalin yayi kama da kararrawa. Yana fure a lokacin rani. |
| Nau'in krinum lambun | |
| Makova | Natal, Afirka ta Kudu. Muraran dake kusa. Peduncle yana riƙe furanni 10-15 na launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Autumnarshen kaka ya dace da fure. |
| Fure-fure | Ra'ayin ya kusanci Asiya. Ostiraliya, gabas. Peduncle yana riƙe furanni 20-30 a ƙafafu tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi. Launi fari-kore. Yana fure a lokacin rani. |
| Mai martaba | Seychelles, Fr. Mauritius Peduncle lebur, mai ruwan launi ja, mai ɗauke da furanni 20 akan shinge. Petals madaidaiciya, launi rasberi. Stamens suna ja. Yana fitar da ƙanshin m. |
| Bell-mai siffa | Jiki na yankin Cape, Afirka ta Kudu. Furen yana ƙarami, tsayin cm 30. Fasaha ɗin ta yi kauri, kore ce mai launi. Yana riƙe da laima tare da furanni 4-8 tare da furen 2 cm. Ana sanya fentin dabbobi a cikin fararen inuwa mai launin shuɗi tare da launuka masu launin kore, ruwan hoda. Yawo a lokacin bazara. |
| M | Tsibirin Amurka. Furen yana da furanni 4-6, sessile, tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Launi a ciki fari ne, waje ne mai launin shuɗi. Bloom a lokacin rani. |
| Watsa shirye-shirye | Gabashin India. Inflorescence yana riƙe furanni 10-20, a kan ƙaramin farfajiya, launin launi ne mai launin shuɗi. Fulawa a watan Agusta-Satumba. |
| Lugovoi | Gabashin India. A kan laima akwai furanni 6-12 a kan gajerun kafafu, fararen launi. Stamens suna da yawa, launi ja. Yana fure a lokacin rani. |
| M | Guinea tafki. The albasa karami, siffofin yara. Peduncle gajere, yana riƙe furanni 5-9 na launin shuɗi. Stamens suna da yawa, ja. Yana iya Bloom shekara-shekara, yafi a lokacin rani. |
| M | Tropics na Afirka. Infan tsaran inflorescence na riƙe da furanni masu ƙanshi 4-8 a kan ɗan gajeren zango. Abubuwan fure suna da fadi, faɗin cm 3. Launi fari fari tare da fenti mai haske mai haske a tsakiya. Yana fure a cikin Mayu da Yuni. |
| Gabila (girlish) | Kudancin Brazil Unguwa tana riƙe furanni 6 akan gajerun fufai. Launi fari ne. Blooms a ƙarshen kaka. |
| Ceylon | Asiya Tropical. Peduncle tsawo, mai yawa, mai haske mai haske. Yana riƙe furanni 10-20 akan laima. Petals suna faɗaɗa zuwa saman, fararen fari tare da faren ja. Yana fure a cikin bazara. |
| Kyawawan kyau | Makwabta mai ban sha'awa a tsibirin Sumatra. A inflorescence riko 30 mai haske Scarlet tare da farin, furanni shimmer furanni a kan kafafu. Yana blooms sau da yawa a cikin hunturu, a farkon spring. Zai yiwu maimaita fure. |
| Nau'in Krinum na akwatin kifaye | |
| Harshen Thai | Asiya ta kudu maso gabas. Kara yana gajarta. Bar fiye da 2 m, tattara a cikin soket. |
| Iyo | Yammacin Afirka, da tropics. Kwan fitila karami ne, cm 7. Ganyayyaki suna da tsawon mil 1.5, a cikin jerin ruwayoyin da ba su wuce 40 cm ba, faɗin cm 3. Koren launi mai haske, gefuna suna wavy. Furanni farare ne. |
| Lyauka (Calamistratum) | Yammacin Afirka Anyi la'akari da mafi ƙarancin wakilcin aji na cikin ruwa. Duk da wannan, tsawon zai iya isa 1.7 m. Bulwallon ƙafa yana da girma, 10 cm kauri, elongated. Tushen suna da ƙarfi. Ganyen suna da ƙarfi, mai kauri, kauri ya kai cm 0.7 Wata zuciyar ta wuce ta tsakiyar takardar. Yankunan suna kangare. A saboda wannan, ana kiran furen fure. Krinum yana wakiltar Rosette na ganye yana jujjuya cikin ruwa. A lokacin da barin blooms a farin m furanni. |
Krinum Lambu
Shuka ba ya buƙatar hadaddun, kulawa ta musamman. Ya dace da girma a wuraren lambun.
Saukowa
Saukowa a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin watan Mayu. Dole ne a kiyaye yanayi mai zuwa:
- kyakkyawan haske;
- hydration;
- zafi;
- rashin iska mai ƙarfi;
- Yanayin zazzabi kada ya faɗi ƙasa +10 ºC da dare.
Kyakkyawan zaɓi zai kasance dasa kwan fitila na gida a cikin kwano a ƙarshen Maris don shuka da dasa shuki a gonar.
Don shirya ƙasa, kuna buƙatar sapropel gauraye da yashi da ciyawar lambu a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 1.
Kulawa
Ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, kuna buƙatar:
- lokaci-lokaci ka kwance duniya;
- ruwa kowace rana tare da fari, tare da ruwan sama kamar yadda ake buƙata;
- dasa furanni a nesa na 30 cm.
Lokacin furanni, krinum yana buƙatar ƙarin miya.
A matsayin taki mai dacewa:
- mulching kasar gona da humus;
- kaftan kaji 1:20;
- saniya dabbar 1:10;
- cakuda superphosphate da potassium gishiri 5 g / 2l na ruwa;
Juyawa
Shuka tayi da kyau. Yana buƙatar dasa shi a kowace shekara 3. A wannan lokacin, yara sun bayyana a kan kwan fitila.
Don dasawa, an kwashe daji daga ƙasa, an rarraba ƙananan kwararan fitila, an dasa shi daban. An mayar da fure mai bayarwa don zuwa matsayin sa na asali. Saboda wannan, an zaɓi lokacin hutawa.
Lokacin hunturu
Lokacin dasawa, ya kamata ka yanke shawara yadda furen zai yi hunturu. Idan hunturu yana da laushi, an binne albasa 6 cm cikin ƙasa.
A cikin kaka, lokacin da lokacin furanni ya ƙare kuma krinum yana shirya wani lokaci mai laushi, ya zama dole don rufe kwararan fitila tare da tsinken rabin mita na peat da bambaro. A cikin bazara, a farkon dumama, ana cire Layer. Wannan yana hana lalacewar jiki kuma yana ƙarfafa farkon ci gaba.
Idan hunturu yayi sanyi, lokacin dasa shuki an binne kashi biyu bisa uku, kashi ɗaya bisa uku ya ragu a ƙasa. A ƙarshen kakar, tono, bushe da tsabta a cikin ɗaki mai duhu tare da zafin jiki na +5 ºC.
Idan akwai haɗarin rage zafin jiki zuwa 0 ºC, rufe kwan fitila da kayan dumama.
Gidan Krinum
Krinum yana girma ba kawai a gonar ba. Itaciyar cikin gida tana jin daɗi. Don gyarawa a cikin gidan baya buƙatar yanayi na musamman.
Kulawa
Furen kanta yana da Hardy, unpretentious, fari fari m. Amma kar ku manta cewa kyakkyawa yana adana lokacin bazara. A cikin hunturu, lokacin hutawa zai fara, kuma shuka tayi mai daɗi.
Haske
Krinum yana son hasken rana mai haske, baya jin tsoron haskoki kai tsaye. A ɗaka, sills taga na kudu zai zama wuri mai kyau.
Bayan hunturu, yawan fitowar haske ya kamata a karu a hankali har shuka ba ya samun ƙonewa.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Yana nufin tsire-tsire masu tsananin zafi. Mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki shine +14 ºC. Lokacin fure - +25 ºC, yayin lokacin hutawa - +15 ºC. Canjin yanayi, canje-canje kwatsam, maɗauraron ba ya jin tsoro. Ana buƙatar samun iska ta yau da kullun.
Danshi da ruwa
Danshi-m shuka. Shayar da ruwa mai dumi kamar yadda ya cancanta, idan saman ƙasa ya bushe. Furen yana da tsayayya wa danshi. A cikin shiri don lokacin dormant, ana rage ruwa sosai.
Tushen aikin shuka a shekara-shekara, don haka da wuya ƙasa danshi wajibi ne.
Tare da taimakon shayarwa, zaku iya matsawa yanayi na aiki da hutawa. Don yin wannan, kasar gona ta bushe ba tare da wilting ganye. Da zaran peduncle ya bayyana, ruwa da yawa. Daga nan sai a dakatar da kwanaki 7-10, domin furen fure.
Kasar
Don dasa krinum a cikin kwano na ado, ya kamata ku kula da ƙasa. Haɗe-haɗe sun gauraye:
- yumbu 2;
- takarda ƙasa 1;
- peat 1;
- humus 1;
- yashi 1.
An ƙara gawayi da gawayi.
Taki
Takin mai magani ya dace da tsire-tsire na gida a cikin sashi wanda aka nuna akan lakabin. Domin shuka ya yi fure kowace shekara, ba a ba da shawarar tsallake sauran lokutan hutu ba.
Juyawa da haifuwa
Shuka gida ba ya bambanta da aikin lambu. An dasa shuka sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3, a lokacin hutawa. Ana ɗaukar kwano na ado an sanya shi a ciki don sanya tushen a hankali. Matattu, an tsabtace mai tsabta. Ana zuba magudanar ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Ana barin kwan fitila daya bisa uku. Nisa zuwa gefen tukunyar itace 3 cm.
Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani da krinum daga yara. An raba ƙananan kwararan fitila daga daji mai ba da gudummawa a lokacin hutawa kuma an dasa su daban a cikin ƙananan kwano tare da diamita na cm 10 Don haɓaka mai kyau, ana shayar dasu akai-akai kuma ana hadi. Kowace shekara, ana watsa yara cikin manyan kwano. Shekaru 3-4, zaɓi cikin kwano mai fadi tare da diamita na cm cm 8. Wannan yana haɓaka samuwar sababbin yara, fure mai laushi.
Karin kwari
Furewa ba safai ake samun fure mai kwari ba. Mafi sau da yawa a cikin yanayin dakin, zaku iya haɗuwa da pseudoscutis ko stragonosporosis. Mai kashe kuɗaɗen fata zai taimaka matuka don jurewa.
A cikin lambu - gizo-gizo gizo-gizo da mealybug. Don lalata kaska, kuna buƙatar zaɓar daskararrun ƙwayar acaricidal ko ƙwayoyin cuta: Fitoverm, Actellik, Karbofos. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yakar tsutsa. Akwai hanyoyin jama'a da masu fasaha. Na farko sun hada da infusions daban-daban: tafarnuwa, lemo, barasa, tincture na horsetail da sauransu. Secondungiya ta biyu sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin cuta da maganin kwari na ƙwayar hanji na ciki: Intavir, Actellik, Bankol da sauransu. Kowa ya zaɓi abin da suke ganin yana da tasiri.
Kula da Aikin Krinum
Tsire-tsire suna daɗewa sun zama kayan ado na kayan ado don aquariums. Baya ga kyakkyawa, suna yin aikin tsarkake ruwa da oxygenation. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan shine krinum. Zai ba da akwatin kifayen bayyanar sabon abu kuma baya buƙatar kulawa mai rikitarwa.
Ana rarrabe crinums na karkashin ruwa ta Tushen wuya, kintinkiri-kamar zanen gado da kuma kwararan fitila masu yawa.
Yanayin Krinum:
- ruwa mai matsakaici, gishiri mai ɗan gishiri;
- zazzabi + 20º ... +28 ºC;
- haske yana matsakaici.
Lokacin da aka sanya shi a cikin akwatin kifaye, ya kamata a lura cewa tsire-tsire yana da siffar rosette, saboda abin da ya zama ƙarfin wuta kuma yana jin dadi a cikin zurfin akalla 1 m.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, kawai an binne farkon kwan fitila, sauran sassan da ke cikin ruwa. Tushen zai iya jujjewa, lokaci-lokaci buƙatar duba, takin.
Krinum yana yaduwa ta hanyoyi guda biyu: ta yara ko ta tsaba. Mafi yawanci suna amfani da hanyar budurwa, lokacin da ƙananan albasa zasu iya samar da ganyayyaki 2-3 ko kashin baya. A lokaci guda, har zuwa yara 20 zasu iya kasancewa a kan kwanon mahaifiyar.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara ya ba da shawarar: Krinum - Sagittarius fure
Masanan taurari sun yi imani cewa kowace alamar zodiac tana da fure. Don Sagittarius, wannan shine Powell krinum. Itace yana tsarkake kuzari, kewaya, daidaita yanayin da ake so. A ranakun munanan, yakan samar da filin kariya don kada mummunan abu ya wuce ta hannun mai shi. Tare tare da furanni waɗanda ke isa ga rana, Sagittarius ya isa don sababbin tafiye-tafiye, binciken, da kuma ilimi. Bayan haka, mutanen da aka Haifa a ƙarƙashin wannan alamar, masana falsafa da yawon bude ido.
Baya ga gaskiyar cewa krinum fure ne na Sagittarius, ana amfani dashi a cikin girke-girke na jama'a. Ya ƙunshi alkaloids, waɗanda ƙimarta a cikin likitan ilimin likitanci.
Ana yin ado da ganyayyaki na ganyayyaki don magance cututtuka daban-daban: sciatica, colds, migraines. A decoction daga cikin kwararan fitila bi basur, psoriasis.
Ga masu son maganin gargajiya - bai kamata ku gwada irin waɗannan kayan adon a kanku ba, da farko nemi likita. Krinum ya ƙunshi abu mai guba - krinin. Saboda wannan dalili, duk aiki tare da shuka ya kamata a za'ayi tare da safofin hannu. A ƙarshen, wanke hannu da sabulu.
Lokacin sayen krinum da aka dasa a cikin tukunya, yakamata a bincika ganye. A ciki ne kwari ke ɓoyewa.
Krinum tsire-tsire ne wanda ba a fassara shi ba, wanda tare da kulawa ta dace, zai faranta mai shi shekaru da yawa.
