Elatior na asali shine irin nau'in tsiro na fure wanda aka kirkira sakamakon haɗuwa da ƙwayar tarin fuka da nau'ikan Socotran. Ya kasance tare da dangin Begonia. Yankunan rarraba - Kudancin Amurka.
Fasali begonia elatior
Yana da fice a waje don yalwataccen fure mai tsayi. Dankin yana da ikon samar da harbe da yawa, akan kowane ɗayansu har zuwa 10 fure, inuwa - daga fari zuwa ja mai arziki.
Elatior na Begonia bashi da tarin fitsari, wanda ke sauƙaƙe kulawa da ita sosai.
Itace yana daga cikin tsintsaye kuma ya kai tsawon 30-45 cm. Fushin yana da siffar asali, wataƙila ana tunawa da zukata tare da rabe-raben launuka daban-daban, launi mai haske ne mai haske, gefen da yake kwance yana gefen gefuna. The mai tushe ne fleshy, mai kauri da kauri.
Iri na Begonia elatior
A cikin Apartment, wadannan nau'ikan begonia na elatior ana bred:
| Digiri | Bayanin | Furanni |
| Baladin | Ya kai 30 cm, amma farfajiyar suna da tsayi daban-daban, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar sakamako mai ɗaurewa da yawa. Dankin ya sami sunan barkwanci "bouquet a cikin tukunya" kuma ana samun shi sau da yawa a wasu ranakun hutu. | Launi - mai zurfi ja. Ana lura da fitar ruwa sau 2-3 a shekara. |
| Borias | An buɗe nau'ikan da yawa a Ingila kuma yana kama da wardi na al'ada. Peduncles suna da yawa-tiered. Kyakkyawan ganye | Launi - ruwan hoda mai haske ko murjani. A buds su ne manyan, terry. |
| Alheri | An dauki yankin kudu maso gabashin Asiya a matsayin wurin haihuwa, tsayin daji ya kai 35 cm. | Red, Bloom sau biyu a shekara kuma kada ku ƙone tsawon watanni. |
Siffofin dasa shuki begonia elatior da kulawa da ita
Lokacin barin gida a cikin wannan wakilin flora, kuna buƙatar kula da lokutan shekara:
| Gaskiya | Lokacin bazara | Lokacin sanyi |
| Wuri / Haske | Shuka tayi hoto, amma ba ta yarda da hasken kai tsaye (a cikin nau'in terry, adadin petals yana raguwa kuma suna jujjuyawa). Yankunan da suka dace don sanya wuri sune taga yamma ko gabas. | Kunshe cikin yawan tsire-tsire tare da ɗan gajeren hasken rana, don haka a cikin sanyi baya buƙatar ƙarin haske. |
| Zazzabi | + 18 ... +20 ° С. A cikin ƙananan farashi, furen yana dakatar da haɓakawa kuma yana saukad da fure. | |
| Haushi | 60-70%. Don ci gaba da aikin da ake so, an sanya tukunyar a kan wata pallet da ke cike da peat, gansakuka da yumɓu mai laushi. | 55-65 %. |
| Watse | Bayan bushewa da earthen coma da rabi. Kada a bada izinin tsayar da ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi. | Sau daya a wata. |
| Manyan miya | Sau ɗaya a cikin makonni 3 tare da takin mai ma'adinai (lokacin da aka ƙara abubuwan da aka samar da kwayoyin halitta, fure ya zama mai yawa, kuma launi ya canza launin fata). | Dakatarwa. |
Bayan yin ma'amala da fasalin kula da shuka, ya kamata ku kula da dasa yadda ya kamata da kuma dasawa.
Shuka da kuma sake kafa begonias
Tushen fure yana ƙanana da laushi, saboda haka yana da daɗi a cikin ƙananan tasoshin. Dole ne a saki ƙasa da m, zai iya riƙe danshi, amma har ya bushe sosai. Ba dole sai an sake dasa shuka ba bayan sayan sa, saboda ba a yarda da ƙarancin shuka. Amma idan ya cancanta, to kuna buƙatar amfani da kayan shirya kai daga waɗannan abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1: 1:
- ƙasa peaty;
- greenhouse da ganye humus;
- m kogin yashi;
- perlite.
Mitar dashi na tsire-tsire matasa - sau 1 a shekara. Ana buƙatar tukunya da faɗin 4-5 cm girma fiye da na baya. Lokacin da begon ya yi shekaru 4, bai sake damuwa ba.
Lokacin da kake kulawa da wakilan matasa na iri-iri, ya kamata a kula da hankali don ƙirƙirar tsunkule na yau da kullun. Don kiyaye ƙarfi da bayyanar lafiya na fure, ya zama dole don yanke inflorescences mai lalacewa a cikin lokaci da rage amfani da abubuwan gina jiki. Bayan irin wannan babban miya, mai tushe ya zama kusan ɗauka da ɗaukar hoto.
Jinyar begonia elatior
Ana aiwatar da abubuwa ta hanyar 3 hanyoyin:
- ta zuriya;
- yanke;
- rabo daga mahaifiyar daji.
Tsaba
An gane shi azaman zaɓi mafi wuya don girma fure. Amma idan zabi ya faɗi akan tsaba, to, ana bada shawarar siyan su a cikin kantin kayan lambu, a nan ana gabatar dasu a iri biyu:
- talakawa - ba batun sarrafawa;
- granular (dragees) - yana da sauƙin aiki tare da su.
Ko da kuwa kayan da aka zaɓa, umarnin don dasa su iri ɗaya ne:
- Tsaba suna soyayyen rabin sa'a a cikin maganin 1% na potassiumgangan.
- An dasa daskararruwar dasa kuma a kwashe shi zuwa tukunya tare da peat mai narkewa.
- Ana sanya bututu a jikin aljihunan an rufe shi da gilashi ko polyethylene daga sama; ana ƙara ruwa a nan.
- Bayar da zazzabi tsakanin + 20 ... +22 ° С.
- Abubuwan da ke tattare da yanayin, harbe na farko zai fara ne a cikin makonni 2-3.
- Bayan bayyanar ganye na 3 na gaskiya, ana yin ɗawara, ana maimaita shi makonni 8 bayan samuwar .an itacen.
- Bayan an dasa furanni a tasoshin ruwa daban.
Yankan
Yawancin lambu suna fi son yankan, tunda wannan hanyar ita ce mafi sauri, mafi yawan abin dogara kuma yana sa ya yiwu don adana halaye na iri-iri.
Tare da irin wannan hanyar haifuwa, ana yin amfani da tsinken 8 8 cm cm. Dukansu suna da ma'ana (ɗauka daga ƙarshen tushe na shuka) da tsaka-tsaki. Babban abu shi ne cewa kodan 2-3 suna tare a kansu.
An cire ɗanyun ganye bayaninsa, a wani sabanin halin, ciyawar za ta ciyar da shi. Sai yanka ya bushe kadan.
Tushen hanyoyin ana aiwatar da su ta hanyoyi biyu:
- a cikin yanayi mai laima;
- a cikin ƙasa.
A cikin yanayin farko, an sanya ƙananan yankan yankan a cikin ruwa mai laushi tare da zazzabi na + 20 ... +21 ° C. Aiwatar da wuya da sanyi sosai haramun ne. Bayan haka, ana sanya jirgin a cikin ɗakin mai haske tare da zazzabi a cikin kewayon + 18 ... +20 ° С. Thearfin ya kamata ya zama na fili, sannan a cikin lokacin da zai dace zai iya yiwuwa a lura cewa yanke ayyukan rots ɗin. A cikin wannan halin, an cire shi daga ruwa, an cire wuraren da abin ya shafa, an bushe kuma an sake barin cikin ruwa. Bayan samuwar Tushen tare da tsawon 1-2 cm, an koma da kututture zuwa ƙasa mai daɗin ci gaba sannan yayi kamar bayan juyawa mai sauƙi.
Lokacin amfani da hanyar rooting na biyu, ana ɗaukar ma'adinan, wanda ya haɗa da peat mai yashi, yashi kogin da ya dace da begonias (1: 1: 2). Wani sashi na aikin an fara tsoma shi cikin ruwa, sannan a kayan aiki wanda ke sauƙaƙe samuwar rhizomes (Heteroauxin, Kornevin).
Ana zubar da ƙasa mai dacewa a cikin ƙaramin akwati (daidai yake da girman abin riƙewa). Harbin ya makale a cikin kasa, yanke wannan ya zama mai zurfin 1-2 cm. Bayan haka, an rufe jirgin ruwa da tulu ko kuma a sanya shi a cikin kwandon translucent kuma a tabbata cewa babu wani sashin fure da ya taba bangon kore.
Bayan fewan kwanaki, yanayin ɗaukar ciki a kan tanki, wannan yana nuna samuwar microclimate mai mahimmanci. Bayan wannan lokacin, ana buɗe gidan kore a kullun don minti ɗaya na iska. Bayan bayyanar ganye na farko, an cire murfin. An dasa seedling zuwa tukunya cike da ƙasa don tsirrai.
Raba Bush
Ta wannan hanyar ana yaduwar begonia a cikin bazara, tare da dasawa ta gaba:
- Cire tsire daga tukunyar da ta gabata.
- Tsabtace tsoffin rassan, inflorescences, manyan ganye.
- Suna sanya fure a cikin ruwan dumi, ta amfani da shi a hankali don 'yantar da tushen tushen daga ƙasa.
- Tare da wuka mai kaifi, an harbi ɗan ƙaramin tare da koda daga mahaifiyar daji tare da tushen.
- Don ingantacciyar tushe, ana kula da su tare da haɓakar haɓaka (Epin, Zircon).
Kuskure a cikin Kulawar Lafiya ta Begonia, Cututtuka da kwari
A lokacin narkarda fata na begonia, wasu matsaloli na iya tasowa wadanda ke da alaƙa da duka rashin kulawa da harin cututtuka da kwari:
| Kwayar cutar Bayyanannun bayyanannun a cikin ganyayyaki | Dalili | Matakan magancewa |
| Bushewa a kewayen gefuna. | Airarancin iska. | Furen an sake shirya shi ne a cikin daki mai laima kuma lokaci-lokaci yana sanya iska. |
| Baƙi da baƙi. | Temperaturesarancin yanayin zafi. | An sanya shuka a cikin daki mai yawan zafin jiki. |
| Shayarwa. | Rashin iska mai tsafta, rashi danshi. | An kwashe tukunya zuwa wani wuri, idan ya cancanta, ana shayar da su sosai. |
| Rashin fure. Fadwa. | Rashin abinci mai gina jiki. | Ana ciyar da ƙasa da takin gargajiya da ma'adinai. |
| Bayyananniyar farin gizo na farin fari. Tarnishing. | Spider mite. | Ana kula da su tare da kwari kwari Karbofos, Thiophos ko Actellic. Stalks aka fesa tare da albasa jiko har zuwa kwari da mutu. Yadda za a dafa shi:
|
| Powdery shafi na kore ko launin ruwan kasa. | Gray mold. | Fesa tare da Benomil kuma ku matsa zuwa ɗakin da ke da yawan zafin jiki. |
| Farin farin | Powdery Mildew | |
| Rotting da blackening na tushen tsarin. | Black tushen rot. | Dakatar da shayarwa, yi amfani da Benomil da canja wurin zuwa ƙarancin laima. |
| Lalata. | Yawan danshi. | Rage yawan zartar da ruwa yayin fesawa, hana danshi daga shigar furen. |
| Tsarkakewa, launin rawaya. | Motsa Kokwamba. | An dasa shuka, an lalata tukunyar, an canza ƙasa. |
Fitowar sagging akan asalin sa. Blanching. | Nematodes. |
Akwai matsaloli da yawa yayin girma begonia, amma idan kun gano canje-canje a cikin lokaci kuma ku rabu da su, tsirran zaiyi farincikin ku da fure mai kyau da kuma bayyanar lafiya.
Ya kamata a saka kulawa ta musamman a kan zaɓin takin zamani da hydration, tunda waɗannan lokacin kai tsaye suna shafar yanayin shuka kuma ba zai tsokane faruwar cututtuka ba, har ma ya kai ga mutuwar fure.
Lambu suna ba da shawarar sau ɗaya a wata don bincika fure don kasancewar cututtukan da kwari, ta haka ne fara bada magani a kan kari.
