Pyrethrum (Persian ko Dalmatian chamomile) wani tsiro ne mai tsiro a cikin iyali Asteraceae. Yankin rarrabawa - Eurasia da arewacin arewacin Amurka.
Bayanin zazzabi
Goge tare da fizrous rhizome, ciyawar nau'in mai tushe, madaidaiciya, tsawo daga 50 zuwa 70 cm. foauren yana da siffar feathery-dissected, launin kore mai arziki.
Inflorescences a cikin nau'i na kwanduna tare da diamita na 3 zuwa 6 cm, filayen elongated da tsakiyar lush. Buds na tubular ko nau'in itace. Launi daga fari zuwa lilac mai zurfi.
Lokacin Fulawa - daga farkon Yuni zuwa Yuli. Tsaba bayan ripening da germination kudi na shekaru 3.
Iri feverfew: girlish, ruwan hoda da sauransu
Ba a tabbatar da ainihin adadin nau'in pyrethrum ba, amma akwai wasu nau'ikan da suka dace da haɓaka gida:
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Furanni | Lokacin tashi |
| Girki | Shekararren daji daga yankuna na kudancin Turai. Rage, ya kai cm 50. Ruwan ganye yana launin toka, kullun tare da alamun launin rawaya. | Kwando-kamar inflorescences, diamita game da cm 4. Su talakawa ne da terry. Fari da rawaya. | Farkon Yuli - ƙarshen watan Agusta. |
| Ruwan hoda | Perennial girma a cikin Caucasus. An girma a cikin hanyar biennial ko shekara-shekara. Kara yana madaidaici, tare da tsayinsa ya kai cm 70. An haɗa shi da yawan nau'in matasan. | Tubular ko rawaya, rawaya mai haske ko ruwan hoda. Buds a diamita har zuwa 12 cm. | Tsakanin Yuni - ƙarshen Yuli. |
| Garkuwa | Perennial, mahaifarsa - Yankin Gabas na Turai, Caucasus. Gefen yana madaidaiciya, ya kai mita 1. Fushin tushen aboutan itace kusan tsawon 40 cm. | Inflorescences ne corymbose, sako-sako. Reed ko tubular, rawaya ko fari. | Yuni - Yuli. |
| Manyan ganye | Shuka tsiro mai tsiro zuwa 1.5 m. | Smallarami, wanda aka kafa a cikin inflorescences na corymbose. Fari, ta tsakiyar bazara, ya zama ja. | Endarshen Mayu - tsakiyar watan Yuli. |
Kuma godiya ga aikin mai shayarwa, an kuma gano nau'ikan zazzabi da yawa:
| Iri daban-daban | Bayanin | Furanni | Lokacin tashi |
| Yar kamanci | A matasan tare da madaidaiciya akwati game da 80 cm high. | Reed da tubular, ja mai haske ko rawaya. | Daga Yuli zuwa Agusta. |
| Iantsaramin ɗan fashi | Feveraƙƙarfan zazzabi mai ruwan fure shine ɗayan shahararrun wannan shuka. Gefen yana madaidaiciya, mai tsayi game da cm 80. Ana amfani dashi don saitin rukuni, ragi, har ma da yankan. | Reeda. Launi - ruwan hoda ko carmine. | Tsakanin Yuni - rabi na biyu na Yuli. |
| Kwallon zinare | Bred daga zazzabi yarinyar, yana nufin nau'in kayan ado. Perennial, amma a kan ƙasa na Rasha girma a matsayin shekara-shekara. Ya haɗu har zuwa 25 cm. | Terry, suna da siffar kwallon. Launi mai haske mai haske. | Yuni-Yuli. |
| Itataccen bala'in ruwa. | Wani irin zazzabi mai ruwan hoda. Amfani da su don yin gadaje na fure. | Launi - daga fari zuwa ja. | Shekarar bayan shuka (tsakiyar Yuni). |
| Tauraron Scarlet | Shuka shuka har zuwa 80 cm babba. | Tubular (rawaya) ko ciyawa (mai zurfi ja). | Tsakanin Yuni - Yuli. |
| Hadin kai | Feveraƙƙarfan zazzabi mai ruwan hoda, tare da gangar jikin 70 cm. | Terry. Launi - rawaya ko ja. | Tsakanin Yuni - Agusta. |
Girma dala daga tsaba
Persian ko Dalmatian chamomile (wani suna don Pyrethrum) ana yada shi ta hanyar iri. Amma tare da wannan dilution, launi na buds na iya zama wanda ba a iya faɗi ba.
Kuna iya shuka zazzabi ta hanyar amfani da tsaba ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- dasa shuki akan shuka;
- kai tsaye sauka a fili.
Lokacin amfani da seedlings, ana shuka tsaba a farkon lokacin bazara, sannan a watan Mayu an riga an sanya seedlings a wuri na ƙarshe na namo. Tun da wannan kayan dasawa yayi ƙanana kaɗan, an shawarci kwararru su haɗa shi da yashi, sannan kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa kaɗan. An rufe tukwane na seedling tare da fim don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse. Harbe yana faruwa a cikin mako guda.
Bayan bayyanar ganye na gaskiya 3, ana dasa shuki a cikin tukwane daban. A cikin watan, samar da zazzabi na +20 ° C.
A cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana shuka tsaba a watan Mayu-Yuni. Lokacin da harbe-harbe suka faru, ana sanya seedlings don haka rata tsakanin su shine kusan 20 cm.
Pyrethrum saukowa
Ana bada shawarar shuka iri ko shuki a ƙasa a cikin ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da barazanar dusar ƙanƙara ta ɓace.
Sun fi son wuraren da ke da kyau-hasken wuta, kodayake daisy na Faris yana jin daɗi ko da a cikin inuwa m. Tare da rashin haske, gangar jikin suna da tsawo, don haka rage yalwar da tsawon lokacin fure.
Furen ba shi da tushe ga ƙasa, amma ana bada shawara a dakatar da zaɓin akan ƙasa mai cike da ruwa, saboda Dalmatian chamomile baya yarda da yanayin ruwa. A cikin ƙasa mai acidic, an kara ash ko lemun tsami.
Kulawar Pyrethrum
Pyrethrum wata itaciya ce da ke tsayayya da yanayin bushewa, don haka ana shayar da ita da tsananin zafin da zai daɗe a makonni, lokacin da ganye ya rasa cikawa, kuma ƙasa ta fashe. Chamomile yana buƙatar ruwa mai yawa kawai a lokacin furanni.
Bayan dasa shuki da fure, an ciyawar da ƙasa tare da peat da ciyawa cikakke. Wannan yana hana ƙirƙirar ɓawon burodi bayan an ƙara ruwa; ciyawar ciyawa ba ta damewa.
Ciyarwa da ciyar da zazzabi
Ana yin manyan miya sau biyu zuwa uku a kowace kakar. Furanni suna ba da gaskiya ga amfanin mullein.
A karo na farko, kasar gona kafin farkon lokacin fure. Da zaran an huda fure, sai suka yi amfani da hadadden nau'ikan ma'adinai.
A ƙarshen lokacin bazara-bazara, an shayar da jiko na ciyawar ciyawa da aka yanke sosai.
Sake bugun zazzabi
Baya ga dasa shuki, ana shuka shuka ta hanyar rarrabasu bishiyoyi da geza.
Bambancin farko na dillancin pyrethrum ana yin shi sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3-4, ta wannan lokacin furen yana ta haɓaka ayyukan gewaye. Don yin wannan, an cire daji daga ƙasa, cire ƙasa mai wucewa daga gare ta. Ana yin rabo da hannu. Abubuwan da aka haifar dole ne su kasance manya, an sanya su a cikin ramuka kuma ana shayar da su sosai.
An samo yankan daga matattarar matasa, daga ƙarshen bazara zuwa Agusta. Sa'an nan kuma canjawa zuwa abinci mai gina jiki da ƙasa mai iska don tushen, an sanya akwati a cikin inuwa m. Duniya tana dafe da kullun, kuma don rage ƙaura, aikin ya rufe da fim. Sama da ban ruwa yau da kullun. Rooting yana faruwa daga kwanaki 14 zuwa 21. Sannan suka aiwatar da wani canji zuwa gonar.
Cututtuka da kwari da zazzabi
Yayin da zazzaɓin zazzabi ke tsiro, kwari da cututtuka sun kama shi:
| Bayyanar cututtuka (sakamako akan ganye) | Cutar / kwaro | Matakan magancewa |
| M maras nauyi game da launin toka launi, deform na gangar jikin. | Fusarium | An cire furanni da abin ya shafa daga ƙasa kuma an ƙone su. An kula da shafin da aka shuka shuka tare da duk wani abin kashewa. |
| Gwaggo. | Matsawa. | An tattara ta hannun. Gyara tsarin ban ruwa, hana tsauraran ruwa. |
| Baƙi, farin spotting. | Thrips. | An cire shuka daga ƙasa kuma a jefa, ƙasa an fesa shi da tsari na kashe-kashe. |
| Rawaya. | Aphids. | Tare da lalacewa mai tsanani, an cire pyrethrum daga ƙasa kuma an cire shi daga shafin. Tare da karamin adadin kwari, an kula da daji tare da Insecticides (Actellik, Aktara ko Biotlin). Ana maimaita ayyukan sau 2-3. |
Mr. Dachnik ya ba da shawara: zazzabi a cikin ƙirar shimfidar wuri
Ana amfani dasu a cikin nau'in fure-fure irin na fure don yin gyare-gyare. A wannan yanayin, an yanke ciyawa zuwa tsayin da ake buƙata kuma ya hana samuwar buds.
Hakanan ana amfani dasu don ado kan iyakoki. Launuka masu haske suna haɓaka bayyanar rabatok da masu haɗuwa.
Wannan ciyawar ana daukar mafi kyau duka don yin ado da kayan lambu a tsarin kasar. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa fure yana da girma kuma yana ɗaukar tushe a kusa da tsire-tsire na ornamental.
Ana amfani da furen fure don kayan adon loggias da terraces. Ya dace da shirya bouquets.
M kaddarorin amfani da zazzabi
A cikin tsohuwar zamanin, an yi amfani da Dalmatian chamomile don rage zafin jiki, kawar da kumburi da ciwo a kai. An tabbatar da cewa wannan fure tana da kaddarorin asfirin.
A cikin shekarun 1980, masana kimiyya sun lura da zazzabi kamar na iya zama abu mai mahimmanci a yaƙin migraine. An ce foda na wannan shuka yana sauƙaƙe ciwon kai da sauri kuma mafi yawan lokuta fiye da magunguna masu tsada. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa fure ya ƙunshi parthenolide, wanda ke taimakawa don toshe kwayar halittar serotonin. Kuma, kamar yadda ka sani, matsanancin abun ciki na wannan sashi a cikin ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa da tasoshin ana gane su ne sanadin samar da migraine.
Bugu da kari, Dalmatian chamomile ya toshe samarda kwayoyin cuta, yana hana kirkirar jini a cikin jijiyoyin jini, kuma yana da kayan antimicrobial da anti-allergenic Properties. Abubuwan da ake buƙata game da cututtukan arthritis da rheumatism an halitta su daga ganye, ana amfani dasu don magance fuka da sauƙaƙa jin zafi yayin tashin haila.
A hade tare da magunguna, feverfew yana kawar da bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiyar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata da cututtukan fata.
Wannan tsire-tsire yana da bayyanar da baƙon abu da kaddarorin magani, wanda ke jan hankalin ɗimbin lambu. Decoctions wannan fure sau da yawa solder matasa da yara tare da allergies, tare da mai tsanani rashes.
