Primrose (primrose na bazara) shine perennial na ado.
Yankin rarraba - Arewacin Amurka, Yammacin Turai, China.
Bayanin tsufa na tsufa
A perennial iri-iri na shuke-shuke da low rhizome. Yayan lanceolate, zagaye ko m, mai sheki, dan kadan kadan. Launi - daga kore mai zurfi zuwa tagulla. A gefuna sunyi laushi gaba ɗaya ko ƙila suna da ƙananan iskoki.
Inflorescences sune laima ko na fata. Abubuwan farin sune fari, ruwan hoda, shuɗi, ja, shuɗi.
Dankin yana da ƙanshin mai ƙanshi wanda ke bayyana saboda kasancewar a cikin ganyayyaki masu yawan mayuka masu mahimmanci.
Lambunan perennial na farko: maraice, stemless da sauran nau'in
Sanya nau'ikan biri guda 19, waɗanda suka dace da tsarin namo a gonar:
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Bar | Furanni Gudun ruwa |
| Na kowa (m) | Mafi yawan nau'ikan. Maimaita fure mai yiwuwa ne. | Sanye kore, mara nauyi, har zuwa 25 cm tsayi. | Single, diamita har zuwa 40 mm. Launi - rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko fari tare da ɗigo masu launin shuɗi. Tsakanin marairaice. |
| Babban | Mafi yawan hunturu-Hardy iri-iri. Sau da yawa girma a yankuna m. | Elongated-oval, tsawon - 20 cm. | Ummi. Launi - fari tare da duhu duhu. Tsakanin Afrilu-Yuni. |
| Ruwan hoda | Danshi mai son danshi, yayi girma a kusa da tafkuna da koguna. | M. Launi - daga tagulla zuwa kodadde kore. | Haske mai haske, girman har zuwa 10 mm. A farkon Mayu. |
| Lokacin bazara | A iri-iri ne kusan rashin sani ga abun ciki. | Ban bari, alagammana. A tsawon suna girma har zuwa 20 cm. | Petals suna da kamannin zuciya. Abubuwan launuka na fure suna daga cream zuwa ruwan hoda. An lura bayan dusar ƙanƙara. |
| Ushkovaya (auricular) | Gane mafi kyawun ra'ayi. Danshi shine zuma. | M, tare da ƙananan denticles tare da gefuna. Tsawon - har zuwa 10 cm. | Haske mai rawaya ko shunayya, tsakiyar shine shunayya. Girman diamita na fure ya kai 40 mm. Yuni-Yuli. |
| Sikkim | A shuka ba pubescent. Lokacin fure shine tsakiyar bazara. | Hanya-lanceolate. | Bell-mai siffa. Launi - haske mai rawaya. Lokacin fure shine tsakiyar bazara. |
| Florinds | Karshen fure-fure. | Manya, kore mai haske. | Smallarami, rana. Suna da siffar karrarawa. A ƙarshen bazara. |
| Kafa | Ana fesa foda a ko'ina cikin fure. | Elongated. | Na inflorescence ne mai siffar zobe. A buds masu launin shuɗi ne. Yuni-Agusta. |
| Lafiya ta yatsa | Tsawon peduncles - har zuwa cm 40. An yi amfani dashi da yawa don yin ado da gadaje fure, rabatok. | Manyan, tsayi - kimanin cm 40. Haske kore. | Mai karafa. Launi - duk tabarau daga fari zuwa shunayya. Bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke wata daya da rabi. |
| Damuwa | Sau da yawa girma a matsayin biennial. Lokacin fure shine Yuni-Yuli. | Tsawon tsayi da nisa - kimanin cm 40. A cikin lokacin sanyi - mutu a kashe. | Rawaya-orange, diamita - 20 mm. Mayu-Yuli. |
| Viale (orchid) | Grassy perennial. Blooms a kan doki a watan Mayu. | Lanceolate. Launi - launin toka mai haske. | Red-lilac, girma - har zuwa 70 mm. Yuni-Yuli. |
| Jafananci | Yana da fure marasa daidaituwa, ana lura dashi ne kawai a watan Yuni. | Babban, lanceolate oval. | Rasberi da fari. A diamita - har zuwa 2 cm. Mayu-Yuli. |
| Voronova | Busharamin daji tare da ganye na basal da inflorescence ɗaya. | Wrinkled. | Haske mai sauƙi, ainihin shine mai launin rawaya. Kwayoyin farko sun bayyana kai tsaye bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. |
| Julia | Dayan nau'ikan fure. Rashin daidaituwa da inuwa mai haƙuri. | Oso, haske kore. | Babban, diamita har zuwa cm 3. Launi - daga fari zuwa shunayya. Afrilu |
| Mealy | Yawancin yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma yana riƙe ɗan ganye har zuwa farkon lokacin hunturu. | Smallarami, a cikin tsayi - har zuwa 5 cm. | Pink-lilac, ainihin shine fari. Mayu |
| Maraice | Tsarin rhizome mai siffar sandar yana da kusan cm 15. Tsawonsa ya kasance daga cm 50 zuwa 80. Itace magani. | Manyan, kore. | Rawaya. Yuni-Satumba. |
| Obkonika | Ya girma zuwa 25-30 cm. Girma a matsayin houseplant. | Round | Launi - daga rawaya zuwa ja. Girman diamita na buds shine kusan cm 8. Farkon Maris-Mayu. |
| Siebold | Jirgin ya kai 30 cm. | Oblong, ovate, pubescent. | Ruwan hoda. Girma - har zuwa 2.5 cm. Mayu-Yuni. |
Gasar dasa shuki na waje
Lokacin dasa shuki furanni a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, yana da mahimmanci don bin ka'idodin lokatai kuma bi fasaha.
Lokacin sauka
Ana shuka tsire-tsire na Biennial a cikin ƙasa, mafi kyawun lokacin shine a ƙarshen bazara ko a watan Satumba.
An zaɓi makircin da duhu, furanni ya mutu daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Isasa aka zaɓi haske, sako-sako, da-ruwa. Kasar Clay ya dace.
Fasaha don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Tsakanin tsire-tsire suna barin nesa na 10-30 cm, mafi girma iri-iri, mafi girma tazara. Wadannan tsire-tsire sun fi son bude sarari, saboda haka ana shuka su ta yadda suke girma, furanni su kasance rufe.
Kafin sauka, ana yin rami a cikin ƙasa, a ƙasa wanda aka ɗora bututun ƙarfe na tubalin bulo. Ana zuba ƙasa kaɗan a saman kuma an sanya seedling, wanda suke bushewa kuma suna shayar.
Kulawar primrose na waje
Shuka ba ta haifar da matsaloli yayin dasawa da kulawa ba, amma tana buƙatar sharar lokaci, namowa da kuma amfani da takin zamani.
Watse
A bazara da lokacin rani, shara tana da yawa, amma ba ta da izinin tsawaita ruwa. Aroundasa mai kewaye da shuki a koyaushe ya zama mai laushi.
Ana zubar da ruwa nan da nan a ƙarƙashin tushe, ban da hulɗa tare da furanni da ganye. Bayan fure, ana rage yawan aikace-aikacen danshi. Yi amfani da ruwa mai laushi mai taushi.
Manyan miya
A cikin lokacin girma, takin sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2. Kafin fure, ana amfani da samfuran nitrogen da infusions bisa ga taki (1000 g da lita 1 na ruwa) ana amfani da su. Irin waɗannan abubuwan suna samar da haɓakar ɗan adam. Bayan buds sun fadi, ana amfani da abubuwan phosphorus-potassium.
Mai jan tsami
Ana aiwatar da shi a cikin Maris, nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. An haramtawa girbi na kaka, kamar yadda ciyawar take a matsayin tushen abinci don rhizomes masu rauni. A lokacin fure, an cire ganye mai bushe.
Perennial primrose bayan fure
Tunda primrose yana cikin perennials, sannan bayan fure, yana buƙatar takamaiman kulawa.
Lokacin kaka
Sassauki ƙasa, cire duk ciyawa. Har zuwa ƙarshen kaka, ana riƙe da ganye na ganye a ganye, saboda yana rufe tushen tushen.
Cin nasara
A cikin tsananin sanyi, bishiyoyi sun rufe da busasshiyar ciyawa, ciyawar itace ko rassan spruce. Lokacin farin ciki mai tsari shine 7 cm cm 7. A cikin yanayin zafi mai tsayi, ba a buƙatar wannan. Lokacin sadar da dusar ƙanƙara, ana sarrafa shi don kada daskararren kankara ya samar akan bishiyoyi, saboda wannan yana tayar da muhawara ta fure.
Sake bugun pamrose
Yi a hanyoyi da yawa:
- tsaba (kafin shuka a cikin ƙasa, stratification wajibi ne);
- nau'in ganye;
- rarraba daji.
Ana yin jujjuyawar a kowace shekara 4-5, a farkon Satumba. Itatuwa mai tsire-tsire yana shayar da hankali kuma an haƙa shi. Suna cire dukkan duniya daga rhizome, sannan kuma wanke shi a cikin akwati da ruwa. Yanke cikin yanke tare da wuka mai ƙasa-ƙasa, bar aƙalla aya mai girma 1 akan kowane bangare. Ana kula da wuraren da aka yanke tare da ash na itace, sannan an sanya tsire a cikin sabon wuri.
Tare da tsarin tushen rauni ko kasancewar mafita guda ɗaya, ana amfani da fiɗa axillary don haifuwa. Don yin wannan, raba ganye tare da koda, wani ɓangaren gangar jikin da petiole. An yanka rabin kuma an shuka shi a ƙasa. Sannan an matsaka sandar zuwa wani wuri mai haske, mafi yawan zafin jiki shine +16 ... +18 ° C. A cikin bazara, dasa a cikin ƙasa bude.
Matsaloli tare da girma primrose
Tare da rashin kulawa da shuka, matsaloli daban-daban sun taso:
| Kwayar cuta | Dalilai | Gyara |
| Saurin bushewa da bushewar ganye. | Rashin danshi, kamuwa da hasken rana kai tsaye. | Gyara tsarin ban ruwa, samar da ƙarin shading yayin zafi. |
| Tsira rhizomes. | Watering tare da ruwan sanyi. | Don danshi mai amfani da ruwa kawai mai laushi mai danshi. |
Talauci mara kyau. | Rashin abubuwan gina jiki. | Daita adadin takin takin zamani. |
Cutar da kwari
Primrose mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da yawa.
| Cutar / kwaro | Kwayar cuta | Matakan magancewa |
| Microplasmosis | 'Ya'yan fure ne ke ɗaukar tsire-tsire na fure. | Halaka. |
| Late blight | Tukwane a cikin ganyayyaki, Rotting na tushen wuya, mai tushe sag. | A cikin matakin farko, fesa tare da soda ko kuma maganin warware ruwan vinegar. Wadanda ke gudana suna sharewa. |
| Tushen rot | Bar da sauri juya rawaya, jan zaren a Tushen, tushen wuyansa ya mutu. | Abubuwan da ke kamuwa da cuta ana zubar da su, sauran ana tura su zuwa wani sabon wuri, ana noma ƙasa. |
| Leaf tsatsa | Ganyayyaki a cikin ganyayyaki, Rotting na daji | Ana kula da su tare da shiri na jan ƙarfe. |
| Powdery mildew | Farar fata a kan ganyayyaki, sun lalace a baya cikin ci gaba | Aka fesa tare da fungicides. |
| Nematodes | Tushen rot, ganye ganye launin ruwan kasa. | Sun haƙa shi gabaɗaya suka watsar da shi. Ana kula dasu da maganin kwari. Ana yin rigakafin kafin sauka. Nematode yana jin tsoron kamshin marigolds. |
| Balagaggun | Ku ci ganye. | Tsire-tsire suna dubawa da tattara kwari. Sannan suna ƙonewa. Don rigakafin, ana yayyafa su da shirye-shirye game da ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar fata. |
| Tushen aphid | Primrose ya daina yin girma, ya yi launin rawaya. | Ana cire sassan da abin ya shafa ta hanyar tono daga ƙasa, rarraba bushes, yi amfani da bayani game da kwari. |
| Spider mite | Ganyayyaki sun yi launin rawaya da farko, sannan juya launin ruwan kasa, tsokoki suna bayyana. Yanar gizo mai bakin ciki ya bayyana a kasan. | Ana magance ta tare da maganin sabulu mai wanki tare da shirye-shiryen Fitoverm ko Spark. |
| Larvae na centipedes | A hade tushen da kuma tushe na mai tushe. | Ciyawa da spud, an tattara kwari. Tsire-tsire suna rufe da kayan rufe don kada tsofaffi su tashi. |
| Mai hakar gwal | Pupae ya huda ganyayyaki. | Cire kwari har sai sun zama samfurin manya. Ana gudanar da bincike a kowane mako. |
| Thrips | Haske ƙananan aibobi suna bayyana a kan furannin. Furanni a hankali suna juya launin ruwan kasa kuma sun mutu. | Ana aiwatar da rigakafin rigakafin kwari, amma idan kamuwa da cuta ya kamu da cuta, an lalace da rashin lafiya na primrose. |
| Slugs da katantanwa | Ku ci ganyayyaki. | Karin kwari sun tattara ko yayyafa magani akan tarkace a kewayen daji. Kyakkyawan rigakafin shine ash. |
| Aphids | Buds ya shafa da furanni. Idan kamuwa da cuta, sun kirkiro daulolin baki daya, wanda hakan na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. | An fesa su da shirye-shirye na musamman, bayan sun wanke kwari tare da babban rafi na ruwa. |
| Weevil | A gefuna da dan kadan ganye. Larvae halakar da asalinsu. | Ana amfani da magungunan kwari, zafin jiki na ƙasa bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri +10 ba, ana shayar dashi. |
| Farar fata | Bayyanar m secretions, ganye ganye juya launin rawaya | Ana kula dasu da maganin kwari. |
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: farar fata a cikin yanayin ƙasa
Primrose yana da ikon yin ado da kowane kusurwa na kore, idan ya dace mata ta zaɓi abokan tarayya.
Maƙwabta masu dacewa sune tsire-tsire masu bulbous waɗanda basu buƙatar kowane kulawa (daffodils-da-muscari), muscari. Daga cikin perennials hatsi dace, irises, ferns.
