Dwarf Birch (Betula nana, karamin Birch, dwarf birch; ernik; Slate; carla; era), kasancewa wakilin aljanu Birch, na oda Bukotsvetnye, karamin gajerar najiki ne.
Botanical Properties da mazauninsu
Yawancin lokaci ana ɗaukar tsibiri na Turai da Yammacin Siberiya a matsayin mahaifarta, amma yanzu ana iya samun Birch dwarf a Arewacin Amurka, Alps, a arewa maso yamma na Asiya har ma a Arctic. A cikin tundra, a cikin tsaunuka, a cikin daskararren daskararren mayuka da peatlands na acidic, wannan nau'in bishiyar, musamman cikin kamanninsa da kaddarorin masu amfani, sun sami mafaka a ko'ina: mazaunan Arewa suna amfani da ganyayyaki da fure na yernik a matsayin magani, kamar abincin dabbobi, da itace kamar man fetur .
Rassan na dwarf Birch suna shafawa, suna faduwa. Haushi yana da wuya, launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa. Greenaramin ganye na ganye kore (har zuwa 15 mm), an zagaye shi a cikin sifa tare da gefen wari. A cikin kaka, launin ya bambanta daga launin rawaya zuwa ja. A cikin hunturu, ganyayyaki sun faɗi. Saurin girma shine karammiski, m. Petioles na ganye na gajere (kusan 5 mm). Matsayin madadin ne.
Inflorescences jinsi ne guda-ɗaya, ƙarami a siffar abin kunne. 'Ya'yan itacen shine ɗan itacen ellipsoidal tare da kunkuntar webbed lobes a tarnaƙi (kimanin 1.5 a diamita), wanda aka kafa daga Afrilu zuwa Yuni.
Itace tayi saurin girma. Propagated da tsaba da kuma cuttings. Tsawon rayuwa ya kai shekaru 120.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Dangane da rarrabuwa da aka gabatar a cikin Babban Soviet Encyclopedia, waɗannan nau'ikan dwarf birches an rarrabe su:
- low;
- fata;
- zagaye-leaved;
- da sauransu
A cikin fassarar zamani, kuma ga mafi mashahuri nau'in kayan ado na dwarf birch, ana la'akari da biyu masu zuwa.
Dukiyar Zinare
Taskar Zinare (Treimar Zinare) - nau'in ernik har zuwa 80 cm tsayi kuma tare da kambi kusan 2 m. Haushi mai duhu launin ruwan kasa. Yayi yatsun, shapedan wasan ƙirar ƙwai. Canjin launi yana dogara da balaga: daga inuwa rasberi zuwa zinari. A cikin kaka - ƙasa zuwa reds.
Jung
Youngii birni ne mai kuka. Dankin ya yi tsayi zuwa 4 m da kuma tare da mai kambi mai siffar zobe na rataye rassan game da m 2 m. Launin haushi ya kasance na hali: farare tare da ratsi na kwance kwance. Ana amfani da ruwan leaf a gefuna, mai siffa-lu'u-lu'u. Launi - kore mai haske, a cikin kaka - rawaya.
Dasa dasawa, dasa bishiyoyin dwarf
Fara shuka dwarf Birch, yakamata a yi la’akari da wadannan abubuwan:
- Lokaci mafi dacewa don dasa shine kaka.
- Isasa ta kasance acidic ko dan kadan acidic. Cakuda ƙasar gona ta al'ada tare da peat da yashi. Hakanan, ƙara ƙananan sassan humus da tsakuwa ba za su ji rauni ba. Za a iya amfani da loam.
- Ramin yana da ƙananan girma. Bayan sanya ɗan rhizome a ciki, ya zama dole a daidaita rassan sa a hankali.
- Top da kyau yafa masa ƙasa.
- Kammala tsari tare da yawan ruwa.
Dokokin Kulawa:
- Shuka tayi hoto, amma kuma tana yarda da inuwa.
- Game da fari, spraying da ƙarin ruwa (gami da farkon lokacin bayan dasawa) bazai zama wuri ba.
- Ana amfani da takin sau biyu a shekara: a lokacin rani - nitrogen-dauke da (mullein, ammonium nitrate), a cikin kaka - nitroammophoska ko hadaddun.
- Kada ku kwance ƙasa don kada ku lalata tushen sa.
- Zai zama da amfani ga ciyawa a farfajiyar ƙasa kusa da gangar jikin bishiyar - don kare gaba da zafi kuma daga danshi mai danshi.
- Dankin yana da sanyi mai tsauri. Tsara don hunturu ba a buƙatar.
- Pruning - a shekara ta biyu bayan dasa shuki. Yanke rassan da suka lalace, haka kuma rawanin kambi, yana a farkon bazara.
- Tana buƙatar kulawa na wata-wata tare da nau'ikan kashe kwari da kashe-kashe don rigakafin cututtukan fungal da kamuwa da cuta. Yawancin kwari masu haɗari sune kwaro May da kuma diba.
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: dwarf birch a cikin tsarin lambun
Birch na kayan ado mai ban sha'awa ya zama cikakke ga duka samuwar shinge da kuma wuraren bude wurare: wuraren shakatawa, murabba'ai, lambuna. Hakanan zai yi kyau a wuraren da aka yi wa ado a wani yanayi mai kyau ko a cikin Jafananci; tare da tafkunan wucin gadi a hade tare da kera willow ko polar willow. Kyakkyawan zaɓi don haɓaka yankin yanki ko arbor.
Abinda ya dace da masu hada hadar giya da kuma lambunan dutsen ban da na gentians da saxifrages.
Hada da cranberry bushes, ferns da moss lawns, za ka iya quite isasshe sake da yanayin yanayin da tundra. Kuma tunda an dasa shi a cikin tukunyar filawa mai ƙyalli, zaka iya juya bonsai na zinariya zuwa kyakkyawa mai ban mamaki.
