Violet (senpolia) tsirrai ne na gargajiya na Afirka, tushe mai ƙanƙantar da ita, ganye ne aka tattara ta, da fure-fure iri iri, masu girma dabam, launuka: shuɗi, violet, dusar ƙanƙara fari, ruwan hoda, giya, lilac. Tsire-tsire suna da saurin motsa jiki, don sha'awar kamannin furanninsu masu kyau, kuna buƙatar kulawa da su ta hanyar dokoki.
Abubuwan buƙatun don violet na fure
Idan babu ingantacciyar kulawa, senpolia ba ta yin fure, ta fallasa cututtukan fungal, kuma tana iya mutuwa. Abin nemawa ne sosai a kan shayarwa, wanda ya bambanta da yadda ake shayar da wasu furanni na cikin gida, haske, kwantena, ƙasa da zazzabi. Yana da Dole a ciyar da furanni akai-akai, yanke, dasawa a cikin sabuwar ƙasa.
Abubuwan halittar jini
Lokacin zabar ɗakin senpolia la'akari da iri-iri. Masu shayarwa suna shayarwa iri iri. Daga cikin su akwai ampelous tare da ƙananan, matsakaici ko manyan furanni. Akwai violet din, inda akwai furanni 5, wasu suna da ƙari sosai kuma babu alamun gani. Hakanan, wasu nau'ikan suna samar da fure 3 kawai kuma baza su yi fure mai girma ba. Kuna iya jira don violet din su yi fure har tsawon watanni ko kuma shekaru 1.5. Ya danganta da iri-iri, lokacin furannin su ma daban ne.
Zabi madaidaicin iko
Don karamin senpolia, tukunyar 5-7 cm a diamita ya dace, don fure mai girma 10-12 cm gabaɗaya, kuna buƙatar duba kanti kuma ɗaukar akwati tare da diamita na rabin wancan. Tsawon ya kamata bai wuce 10 cm ba.
Ofasan tanki ya kamata tare da ramuka don magudanar ruwa. Zai fi kyau ɗaukar yumbu, kuna iya filastik.
Daidai ƙasa
Senpolia yana buƙatar ƙasa mai acidic dan kadan. Sami ƙasa ta musamman a cikin shagon fure. Ba shi da wuya a yi ƙasa yadda yakamata, asa takarda ce, peat, gawayi, gansakuka (1: 2: 1/2: 1/2). Ko kuma gusar da gonar gona ta hanyar haɗuwa da yashi da calcining a cikin tanda. Yataccen yumɓu, ƙananan pebbles an aza su a ƙasan. Ana buƙatar juyawa sau ɗaya a shekara, a cikin sabon keɓaɓɓun.
Wuri
Senpolia tana gefen yamma ko yamma. A cikin hunturu, babu isasshen haske a kan windowsill daga arewa, a lokacin bazara daga kudu babu rana sosai, za a girgiza ko kuma za a sake shirya shi. Don guje wa hypothermia na tushen a cikin hunturu, an sanya fure a cikin tukunya a kan shiryayye, tebur, a tukunyar fure ko akan katako.
Haske
Violet sun fi son sa'o'in hasken rana aƙalla awanni 10, ana buƙatar hasken warwatse, inuwa fure daga hasken rana kai tsaye. A wannan yanayin, iri tare da ganye mai kauri da duhu suna buƙatar ƙarin haske mai haske fiye da na waɗanda suke daidai. Idan furen ya shimfiɗa, ɗan ganye, ya zama kodai - babu haske kaɗan, idan tsakiyar mashigar ruwa tayi yawa - da yawa. Lokacin da fararen ganye suna da haske, cike da launi kuma shuka tana da rasso mai yawa - hasken yana al'ada.
A cikin hunturu, ana amfani da phytolamps, ana sanya su a watan Nuwamba, kuma a tsaftace su a watan Fabrairu. Kar ka manta juya tukunyar domin daji yayi girma da hankali.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Itace tana son zafi. Daga farkon bazara zuwa kaka, furanni suna buƙatar + 20 ... +22 ° C. A cikin hunturu, ba ƙasa da + 18 ... +20 ° С. A lokacin rani, lokacin da +30 ° C, furen yakan yi rauni. Sabili da haka, ɗakin yana da iska, suna amfani da kwandishan, tsarin raba. Dakin baya bada izinin zayyana.
Jin zafi
Violet ƙirƙirar zafi sosai, 50-60%. Don hunturu, zai fi kyau a cire tukunya daga windowsill, idan tsarin dumama yana kusa. Iskar kusa da furen an fesa ba tare da samun inflorescences ba. Sun sanya akwati tare da fure a cikin tire tare da busassun yumbu, ƙwaƙwalwa. A low zafi, da buds ci gaba sannu a hankali.
Kada a shafa ganyen Saintpaulia don guje wa haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
Hanyar Watsawa
Akwai sirrin shayar da senpolia. Ana ɗaukar ruwa kadan dumama, zauna. Ana shayar da shi kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa, har ruwa ba ya faɗo a kan faranti, wurin girma.
Ta hanyar murfin akwati
Ruwan da aka yanke a ɗakin zazzabi a cikin ɗakin ana zuba shi a cikin kwanon. Rabin sa'a yawanci isa ga shuka don cika da danshi, wannan zai zama bayyananne daga ƙasa. Sannan sauran sharar an kwashe su.
Drip
Domin ta yi amfani da ruwa na ruwa tare da kunkuntar hanci, mai pear-douche. Idan babu komai, kwalban filastik ya dace, inda suke yin rami a murfin kuma saka bututu. Lokacin da ruwa ya fara gudana daga magudanar ruwa, ana dakatar da shawo kan ruwa sannan a zage shi. Game da danshi a cikin ganyayyaki, suna samun rigar tare da bushe bushe.
Zikiri
Idan yayi zafi sosai, nutsar da fure a cikin akwati na ruwa mai tsawan awa daya. Sannan a bar shi magudana a sanya shi a asalin wurin.
Mara Lafiya
A lokacin rani, lokacin da kuke buƙatar tashi kuma babu wanda zai kula da furanni, wannan hanyar ta dace.
An sanya igiya na bakin ciki a cikin tukunya (igiyar gidan, zaren acrylic, takalma), ƙarshensa yana fitowa ta ramin magudanar ruwa, na biyu an haɗa shi da zobe a tsakiyar ƙasa. Sanya tukunya a saman jita-jita da ruwa, an rufe shi da murfi, runtse wick, yayin da ƙasa ke samun adadin ruwan da ya dace.
Manyan miya
Watanni biyu bayan dasa shuki a cikin shagon gona, ana ciyar da furanni. Don yin wannan, sayi takin gargajiya. Tsage su da ruwa daidai da umarnin, amma a mafi girma fiye da yadda aka nuna, kuma shayar a ƙarƙashin ganyayyaki don kada ruwa ya hau kan su, ko ta tire. A wannan yanayin, an fara amfani da ƙasa.
Matasa furanni suna buƙatar takin nitrogen, don fure - potash da phosphorus. Ana ciyar da shi sau biyu a wata a lokacin fure, sau ɗaya a hutawa.
Cutar da kwari
Cutar fitsari, cututtuka da kwari sukan shafi furanni.
Cutar / kwaro | Bayyanar / dalilai | Matakan magancewa |
| Grey rot | Ruwan launi mai laushi, mai laushi, yana bayyana akan ganyayyaki da petioles. Bambanci na zazzabi, yalwatacce kuma akai ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi. | Ana kula dasu tare da fungicides (Fitosporin, Agate, Tiram). |
| Fusarium | Tushen rot, da violet ba ya Bloom, cikin ganyayyaki juya launin toka, to, ku fadi a kashe. Yawan ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi. | Aiwatar da Benomil, Fundazole. |
| Tsatsa | Rawaya launin shuɗi a waje da ganyen. Rashin rana a cikin hunturu. | An cire sassan da ke kamuwa da cutar kuma ana amfani da Bactofit, Topaz. |
| Powdery mildew | Farar fata a kan shuka. Rashin haske, ƙarancin zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin, ƙura. | Benlat ne ya tsara. |
| Spider mite | Ja dige. Isasshen iska. | Yi amfani da Apollo, Neoron. A matakin farko, maganin magungunan mutane: wani adon albasa ne, vodka. |
| Cyclamen kaska | Akwai rawaya, aibobi zagaye akan ganye. Babban zafi. | |
| Aphids | Tsutsotsin kore, suna shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga shuka. Shan shuka a waje ko ƙasa mai gurbatawa. | Aiwatar da Mospilan, Intavir. |
| Zukata | Violet yana da ja, ƙananan aibobi. Isasshen iska. | Feshi da soapy ruwa, Fitoverm. |
| Garkuwa | Ganye a ƙasa masu launin ja-kasa-kasa, saman rawaya. Wani sabon tsiro ya kamu da shi. | Matasa violet wani lokaci dole ne a hallaka, manya na taimaka wa ta kwari (Karbofos, Aktar). |
| Thrips | Haske launin ruwan kasa mai haske akan shuka. Jirgin sama, wani fure. | Fitoverm ke sarrafa shi. |
Lokacin hutawa
Senpolia bashi da lokacin hutawa. Mutane da yawa iri na iya Bloom shekara-shekara. Amma wasu suna buƙatar hutawa a cikin hunturu, don wannan, a ƙarshen kaka, sun daina ciyarwa, cire ciyawar fure da rage ruwa.
Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: tukwici don tantance dalilin rashin samar da kayan violet
Domin tsire-tsire su yi fure tun daga farkon bazara zuwa kaka, ana bada shawarar masu zuwa a lokuta daban-daban:
- Ba a kafa Buds ba, amma akwai matakai da yawa - iyawar tayi yawa ga violet.
- A bayyanar, furen yana da lafiya, amma saboda farin plaque - ƙasa ta cika, shuka yana buƙatar dasawa cikin sabon, duniya mai haske.
- Peduncles samar da sannu a hankali, cikin ganyayyaki curl - yawan watering ko ƙasa mai acidic.
- Haske mai haske yana bayyana akan ganye - sanyi sosai ko ruwan zafi ko kunar rana a jiki. Domin kada ya ƙona shuka, ana shayar dashi a lokacin rani bayan faɗuwar rana.
- Tare da rashi ko wuce haddi na hadi, senpolia ba zata yi fure ba. Itace yana buƙatar phosphorus da potassium; nitrogen mai yawa ba a son shi.
- Idan furen ya girma, ya fi shekaru 3 girma, ana shuka shi.
- Guji hasken rana kai tsaye.
- An tsabtace ganye tare da zane mai laushi mai laushi, ɗan daɗaɗa, amma ba a danshi da ruwa.
- A kasar gona kada ya bushe ko kuma ya kasance ma jika
- Kada a bada izinin bambance banbanci.
Idan kun bi duk shawarwarin, ƙwararrun masaniyar ƙasa zai sami damar cimma cikakkiyar rahusa ta violet.
