Aljani ɗan perenni ne, wani lokaci shekara-shekara, gajarta, ciyawa mai kyau wacce take da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da shuɗi. Haɗu iri ɗaya tare da ruwan-launi-rawaya. Ya sami shahararsa tun da daɗewa, har ma a zamanin Rasha. Ta zama sananne saboda kaddarorin magunguna wanda yanayi ya ba ta. An gudanar da bincike a cikin manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, inda suka tabbatar da cewa attajirin na iya taimaka wa wasu cututtuka. Dankin ba shi da ma'ana, ana iya yin saurin girma a gida a ƙasar. Dandano mai ɗaci ne, saboda haka sunan.
Dankin da kansa yana wakiltar yawancin ɗimbin nau'ikan halittu da suka zama ruwan dare gama duniya, amma a wasu ƙasashe akwai wuya. Har ila yau suna cikin littafin ja.
Siffofin Al'umma
Ko da gaskiyar cewa shuka ita ce gabaɗaya zuwa yanayin da ƙasa, har yanzu tana da halaye na kanta. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana iya samun sa a cikin ciyaman mai tsayi, a tsawan akalla 1 km sama da matakin teku. An kuma samo ƙasa, amma sau da yawa ba sau da yawa. Yana da yanayi mai kyau, amma baya son hasken rana kai tsaye.
Zai fi dacewa da ɗauka a kan ƙasa mai toka, ana shuka shi ta hanyar yaɗa iska, ta wurin yaɗa iska.
Jaruma mai raɗaɗi, mara nauyi, ƙwayar cuta da sauran nau'in halitta
Dankin yana da yawa a lamba, a kan duk ƙasar CIS zaka iya samun nau'ikan 90 daban daban.
| Dubawa | Bayanin Girma (cm) | Bar | Furanni Gudun ruwa |
| Lokacin bazara | Short jiki perennial. Kara daga tsire-tsire gajere ne 3-5. | Elongated, m. Launi mai launin shuɗi ne, galibi shuɗi. | Yana da toho 1 tare da diamita na 2 cm. Yana farawa a farkon lokacin rani, a watan Yuni. |
| Deleluxe (Clusie) | Mafi yawanci ana samunsu a tsaunukan Alpine. Hakanan perennial ne, kamar yawancin jinsuna. Yana girma mafi kyau akan ƙasa mai siliki, yana amsa da kyau ga takin zamani. Lowarancin, ba fiye da 5 ba. | Aka nuna, lanceolate. | Suna da siffar kararrawa, shuɗi mai haske. Kusa da tsakiyar toho, launi ya ɗan ɗan haske. Matsakaici. |
| Kolakovsky | Bayyanar ado, tana da babban tushe mai tsayi. 25-30. | Elongated, tsawo da kunkuntar. | Yayi girma sosai, idan aka kwatanta shi da wasu nau'in, ya kai cm 5 a tsayi .. Launi haske ne mai shuɗi. Mafi gama gari rukuni ne na shuka, har zuwa 4 buds, amma loners ma na kowa ne. A ƙarshen bazara. |
| Dinar | Tana da tushen yamma. Yana jure yanayin hunturu ba tare da ƙarin mafaka ba. Ya kai 15. | M-elongated, sautin kore. | Launin fure yana da shuɗi mai haske, tare da ɗanɗano launin shuɗi kusa da tsakiyar toho. Ana farawa a ƙarshen bazara. |
| Sinawa suka yi ado | Yankin da aka mamaye akan ƙasa shine cm 30. Aaukar murfin ganye daga ganye. Bai yarda da lokacin zafi ba. Yana da matsakaicin kara tsayi na 15. | Elongated da nuna. | 5 cm, shuɗi. A gindin budo yana da taguwar launi. Tsakiyar kaka. |
| M (Kokha) | Dake cikin tsaunika, gorges. A wasu wurare, ba kawai faruwa bane kawai idan akwai tsaunuka a kusa. 10, bashi da tushe. | Sharp, santsi, lanƙwasa tare. | Ana zaune a kan ficicel, shuɗi. Kusa da tsakiyar furen kuwa zaka iya ganin koren launi a ciki na ganyen. Kwarewar nau'in halittar itace cewa furanni suna rufe lokacin da ruwan sama yake gabatowa, wannan yawanci yan yawon bude ido ne wadanda suka kware game da botany. Matsakaici. |
| Gwarzon Gwarzo | Jirgin yana madaidaiciya, ba tare da lanƙwasa ba. 60. | An kafa shi a ƙarshen kara, yana da ƙirarrawa mai launin sheda, mai nuna alama daga abubuwan fure. Launi shudi ne da ruwan shuɗi. A farkon watan Agusta. | |
| Rawaya | Ya banbanta da na baya. Tana da kara sosai. Yana da dogon hanta, a ƙarƙashin yanayi da ya dace da kulawa, zai iya rayuwa rabin ƙarni cikin sauƙi. 150. | Ana zaune kawai a gindi. | Yana da siffar rawaya, a kan harbe har zuwa 6 buds na iya girma lokaci guda. Kasancewa ɗaya daga saman ɗayan. Matsakaici. |
| Manyan ganye | Perennial herbaceous shuka. A harbe wasu kadan faduwa Na iya kaiwa 80. | Yawancin suna a gindi. Tsawon zai iya kasancewa zuwa 40 cm, yayin da ba kasa da 25 cm fadi. | Siffar-dimbin launin furanni na furanni shuɗi mai haske. Ana zaune cikin kungiyoyi a saman tushe. Kusa da ƙarshen bazara |
| Ciliary | Har zuwa 30. | Manyan. Diamita 6 cm. Siffar ta musamman ce, ba kamar sauran ba. Ya girma a cikin nau'in kintinkiri rataye ƙasa. A ƙarshen dabbobi suna ƙaramin tsari wanda yake kama da gashin ido. Ana samun tsire-tsire a cikin bambancin launi biyu, tare da fure mai launin shuɗi, da fari. A farkon kaka. | |
| Daurian | Perennial. Gashi mai tushe suna madaidaici a sifofi, ana kwarara shi da ganye. Babu sama da 40. | Pretty tsawo, kunkuntar. Shuka a kan kara densely. | Nau'in rukuni na haɓaka, suna da kararrawa, masu launin shuɗi. Matsakaici. |
| Manyan katako | Kyan ado. Ya kai sama da 10. | Elongated. | Shuka shi kaɗai, babban babba. A tsawon tsayi bai wuce 4-5 cm ba. Zai fara a ƙarshen bazara, tare da jimlar tsawon wata ɗaya. |
| Fannin Farji | Hakanan kyawawan kayan ado. Jirgin yana da tsayi. 60. | Babban mitar wuri a kan harba. | Suna da siffar kararrawa. Tsawon tsayi bai wuce 5 cm ba .. An kwatanta su da launin shuɗi mai duhu. Ganyen raye a bayyane suna ganuwa a filayen. Kusa da ƙarshen bazara. |
| Bakwai | Kayan ado, iya girma tsawon shekaru. Mai tushe suna da yawa kuma madaidaiciya. Babu sama da 30. | Sizeananan girma. | Dark mai duhu, babba, har zuwa 4 cm a radius. Suna girma gabaɗaya cikin rukuni 8 na kwafi. Adadin lokacin da yake farawa a tsakiyar lokacin bazara ya kai watanni 1.5. |
| Tatse-yisti | Perennial. Ya girma da kyau a kan yumbu mai laushi. 20. | Cikakke kunkuntar, tsaya ga tushe gaba ɗaya | Bararrawa masu launin shuɗi. Ofarshen bazara-farkon lokacin bazara |
| Uku-flowered | Ya fi son marshes da danshi. Tushen suna jan iska. 60-80. | An samo shi kusa da gindin, gaba cikin nau'i-nau'i. | Goblet, an tattara 3-4 akan kara. Rana ta biyu ta watan Agusta ita ce farkon Satumba. |
Al'umma ta dasa shuki a buɗe
Saboda kamanninsu na ado, kaddarorin magunguna da kuma bambance bambancen launi da sifofi, mutane da yawa suna yin jin daɗi a yankunansu.
Yaushe zai sauka
Hanya mafi inganci itace, ana shuka su ne a tsakiyar lokacin bazara ko kaka. Wadancan nau'ikan da suka yi fure a watan Mayu kuma daga baya ba a ba da shawarar a dasa su ba tare da ƙarin wuraren mafaka ba. Tunda basu yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Ana shuka nau'in Autar a kusa da tafkunan, a wurare da babban zafi.
Dokokin saukarwa
Shiri don shuka yayi dogon lokaci. Da farko dai, an shuka iri iri yayin aiki. Dole ne a kiyaye su aƙalla watanni 2 a wurare masu wadataccen iska. Tsawon lokaci da tsari ya dogara da nau'in kuma ba a yarda dashi gabaɗaya. Don haka, tsaba da ke girma a tsaunuka suna buƙatar aƙalla kwanaki 80 na jiyya.
Kafin sanya tsaba na tsire-tsire a cikin akwati don kayan lambu, kuna buƙatar haɗa su da peat, ba yashi mai laushi, a cikin rabo na 1: 3.
Koyaya, idan kuna shirin shuka kafin lokacin hunturu, tsaba basa buƙatar sarrafa su. Tun bayan saukowa, zazzabi zai yi daidai kuma komai zai faru a yanayin ƙasa.
Muhimmin fasalin game da girman iri:
- Smallaramin kowace harka ba za a iya yayyafa shi a saman ƙasa ba, ya isa yayyafa su a ƙasa mai laushi, daɗaɗa dan kadan.
- Manyan akasin haka, ya zama dole a cika ƙasa da abin da ke sama.
Kulawar waje don ciyawa na ciyawa
Idan an lura da duk yanayin ƙasa yayin saukowa, la'akari da dalilin hasken rana, barin ba zai zama da wahala. Yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasa kusa da tsire-tsire da aka shuka yana da danshi koyaushe, ana bada shawara don shayar da kai kai kanka, ko amfani da tsarin musamman.
Bayan ruwa, sassauta ƙasa a kusa. Ya kamata a biya musamman don ciyawar da ke girma a kusa, cire fure mai bushe.
A cikin batun takin mai magani, inji bashi da ma'ana, zai isa kadan peat a farkon bazara, tare da Bugu da kari na gari gari da dutse mai kauri.
Cutar Aljanu da kwari
| Dalili | Bayyanuwa | Cirewa |
| Grey rot | Abubuwan launuka masu launin shuɗi. Motsi. | An datse wuraren da ke gurbata kayan aiki na tsabta. Sannan ana magance raunukan tare da maganin Funzol. |
| Haske launin ruwan kasa | Kayan launin ruwan kasa tare da ruwan hoda karamin girma. | Fesa tare da wakilin da ke dauke da jan ƙarfe. Blue vitriol, ruwa Bordeaux. |
| Tsatsa | Namomin kaza da ke iya sarrafa kwayar cutar. Pustules na duhu mai ruwan launi. | An yanke sassan masu kamuwa da cuta, lalata su ba tare da gazawa ba. Bayan haka, duk gundumar tsire-tsire suna fesa tare da shiri mai ban tsoro. |
| Thrips | Kwayoyin cutar tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka cakuda A rukunin gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, marasa launi maki. | Aiwatar da maganin shirye-shiryen kwari. |
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: Gentian - mai warkarwa a cikin lambu
Dankin ya sami shahara sosai saboda ƙwararrun magunguna, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai ga maganin gargajiya, kuma cikin masu ƙwarewa ma. Tushen Gentian yana ƙunshe da alkaloids, suna taimaka murƙushe baƙin ciki, ƙwanƙwasa tsoka. Suna kuma taimakawa tare da tari, suna da tasirin antipyretic.
Tushen halittu da yawa suna ɗauke da ƙwayoyin phenolcarboxylic. Tana da iyawa don haɓaka aikin fitarwa a cikin gida.
Mafi mashahuri tinctures na ruwa daga waɗannan furanni, ana iya amfani dasu duka a ciki da waje. A wannan yanayin, matsalar ba dole ba ce ta zama mai tsanani, ƙyalli yana ba da misali misali tare da ƙafafu masu ɗumi. Ana ba da shawarar raunukan da aka yi amfani da su da foda. An shirya shi daga nauyin 1: 1 na tushen tsirrai da chamomile kantin magani.
Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan shine damfara. An tsara shi don jin zafi a cikin tsokoki da gidajen abinci. An shirya shi daga gruel na nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire biyu (ƙasa, ƙarƙashin ƙasa). Yin amfani da nau'ikan sashi daban-daban na wannan tsiro yana faruwa ne tare da matsaloli kamar maƙarƙashiya, ƙwanƙwasa, ƙwannafi, ƙwanƙwasa, achilia, cutar makogwaro, tarin fuka. Sakamakon fa'ida a jiki tare da cutar kansa, an tabbatar da cutar hepatitis.
A zahiri, kamar kowane magani, Gentian yana da contraindications. Ba'a bada shawarar amfani da kayan ado, kwaya, infusions, compresses ga mata masu juna biyu, tare da rashin haƙuri ɗaya zuwa abubuwan da aka haɗa kamar haushi. Mutanen da ke da cututtuka na duodenum, cututtukan ciki, da hauhawar jini. Akwai mafi kyau duka yau da kullun na tincture barasa na musamman - 35 saukad da. Wuce sashi na yau da kullun na iya haifar da ciwon kai, tsananin farin ciki, da kuma jan fuska a fuska.
