Digitalis dan asalin yanki ne zuwa Arewacin Afirka da Yammacin Asiya. Shuka ta samo sunan ta ga wasu nau'in furanni wadanda sukai kama da na kai tsaye, yayin da ake sarrafa ganye ko al'ada a kira ta digitalis. Akwai kusan nau'ikan 35 na wannan shuka. Ana amfani dashi don dalilai na ado, a cikin zane mai faɗi. Sau da yawa girma ta hanyar lambu a matsayin shekara-shekara iri. Ana iya amfani dashi azaman magani, amma a cikin babban taro yana da guba da haɗari.
Wajibi ne a kula da wannan lokacin dasawa, musamman idan kasancewar yara yana yiwuwa a gonar.
Bayanin da fasali na digitalis
The mai tushe na herbaceous shuka ne sananne ga taurin, girma har zuwa 1.5 m tsawo. Tafiyar zamani ba ta da matakai a kaikaice, yayin da ganyen petiole, galibi ort, ana tara su cikin magudi. Ganyen launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi yana da nutsuwa mai ma'ana, ya yi girma zuwa cm 30 a tsayi, kuma zuwa faɗin cm cm 10. .afin inuwa an cika shi da tari, ganyen yana da haske kuma yana yin rubutu a saman. A cikin bayyanar, digitalis yayi kama da itace. A cikin yanayi, ana iya samun digitalis a cikin gandun daji, da farin ciki da gefuna na daji, tsakanin sauran tsirrai.
A lokacin rani na digitalis, inflorescence mai dumbin yawa yana fitowa a cikin nau'i na goga, wanda furanni masu launin kararrawa suke kafawa.
Abubuwan inuwa sun fara daga ja zuwa fari, kuma ana samun launin rawaya. Wasu lokuta ana yin ado da pharynx tare da sautsi. Seedsananan tsaba sun girma bayan pollination. Plantaya daga cikin tsirrai ɗaya suna kawo tsaba miliyan biyu, kuma haɓarsu yana wuce har zuwa shekaru 3.
M, kurpnotsvetkovaya da sauran nau'ikan da nau'ikan digitalis
Duk da bambancin jinsunan digitalis, nau'ikan 4 ne kawai suke yaduwa a tsakiyar layi.
Kishiya
Wannan nau'in ya kai tsawo na cm 120 kuma an rufe shi da ɗanɗanar tsiro. Daƙƙarfan inflorescences daga karrarawa girma zuwa 15 cm a tsawon kuma samar da nau'i na kalaman kusa da gefen. Kofin yayi kama da orchid, yawanci ba ya wuce cm 4. Flow yana faruwa a cikin rani. Kayan fure mai launin rawaya suna da tsarin ruwan hoda, kuma jigon launin shuɗi ne a cikin zinare na ciki. Ana ɗaukar ra'ayin sosai saboda halayen kayan adonsa.
M (purple)
Itace biennial ana wakilta ta deciduous mai tushe, ba sama da 1.5 m. Akwai pubescence na harbe a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ganye. A farkon lokacin bazara, inflorescences a cikin nau'i na goga yawanci fure, ba mai fasali ba ne, an kafa ta fure bai wuce 13 cm kowane ba. Ana fitar da dabbobi masu launi iri iri tare da ɗigon baƙi. Wannan nau'in ya fito ne daga Yammacin Turai, inda ake shuka ciyawar sosai. Akwai ire-irensu da yawa, kamar su: hange, manyan fuloti da gloxinidae.
Inflorescence ke samuwa duka biyu tare da haɗin kai da kuma dala guda. Mafi yawan nau'ikan girma:
- Alba Petals fararen fata ne, ana iya rufe su da ɗigon duhu.
- Mirabelle. Inflorescences suna da yawa, launuka masu ruwan hoda.
- Mai fice. Wannan matasan yana da girman 1.8 m. Ya zama abin lura a cikin cewa furanni fure suna da karkace.
- Peloric. Furannin wannan nau'in furanni sune mafi girma a tsakanin dukkan nau'ikan, suna kan faren layi har zuwa 1.8 m.
Manyan furanni
Yana girma zuwa 1.2 m ba ga tsayi, yayi kama da daji don bayyanarsa. Mai tushe yana da murfin kariya mai ƙarfi. Zanen gado suna da elongate zuwa kaifi mai kaifi, girma zuwa 25 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa 7 cm fadi.
A watan Yuni, zaku iya kallon goge goge a saman tushe, an cika shi da ƙananan furanni. Suna da asali a cikin tabarau masu launin rawaya, tare da keɓaɓɓen farfajiya an rufe shi da mafitsara. Corolla zuwa gefen ya kasu kashi 5 petals. Ana samo shi a Yammacin Turai, Rasha da Ukraine.
Woolly
Pean ƙaramin perenni yayi girma zuwa 80 cm ba ga tsawo ba. -An karamin-fure, idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan. Ana tattara ganyen kore a cikin ɗakin mai fita low daga saman ƙasa. A gefen Inuwa suna dauke da cilia. A tsakiyar lokacin bazara, goga mai rufe da kofuna biyu mai buɗe baki yana buɗe, sau da yawa yakan yi kama da siffar dala. Furen yana da fararen fata, kuma yayin da yake motsawa daga gefen, an rufe shi da tsarin launin ruwan kasa wanda veins ke ɗauka. Daga cikin nau'ikan da yawa da kuma nau'ikan halittu, masu zuwa suna da yawa:
- Taɓa. Karrarawa a kan goga suna da yawa, ruwan hoda da kuma alkali;
- Merton. Shuka farkon fure, wanda za'a iya lura dashi a ƙarshen bazara, furanni suna da launin ruwan hoda.
Yana blooms a Yuli, kuma tsawon lokacin fure ba fiye da watanni 2. Yana da fa'idar magani. Yana faruwa a cikin vivo galibi a Moldova.
Digitalis Girma daga Tsaba
Hanyar mai sauƙi, wanda ya haɗa da matakai da yawa, yana ƙasa da yaduwar ciyayi cikin sauri.
Seeding for seedlings
Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a farkon spring kuma ya kamata sun hada da wadannan ayyuka:
- Soya cikin ruwa, wanda ke buƙatar maye gurbin kowane sa'o'i 6, yayin da duk lokacin jijiyar ya kamata ya wuce mako 1;
- Yadu tsaba a farfajiyar kasar da aka shirya;
- Yayyafa da ɗan yashi;
- Fesawa tare da haɓakar haɓaka;
- Rufe ganga tare da polyethylene ko gilashi;
Bayan haka dole ne a bar su na makonni 2 a cikin duhu, wuri mai ɗumi.
Shuka seedlings
A cikin digitalis, 'ya'yan fari na farko sun bayyana da wuri, bayan samuwar ganyayyaki 2-3, wajibi ne don nutse tsirran. Thearfin ba shi da buƙata musamman - kofin zai dace da kowane daban ko akwati na kowa. Lokacin dasa shuki tare, yana da mahimmanci don kula da nesa tsakanin seedlings na cm 10. lingsarorin ba unpretentious, ya isa ya shayar da shi kamar yadda ake buƙata, a hankali kwance ƙasa, hana magudin ruwa da kuma shirya shimfida fitila. Makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole don aiwatar da hardening, wanda za'ayi kamar haka:
- Ya kamata ku ɗauki shuka zuwa baranda tsawon mintuna 5, muddin babu hazo, kuma yanayin yana da ɗumi;
- Maimaita hanya yau da kullun, sannu-sannu ƙara tsawon lokacin digitalis a cikin sabon iska.
Dasa a cikin lambu za a iya za'ayi bayan shuka iya amintacce ciyar da dukan yini a waje yanayi.
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude
Duk tsawon lokacin bazara, ana iya yin shuka Digitalis a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, amma ya fi dacewa a yi wannan da wuri.
Farko shi wajibi ne don shirya ƙasa yadda yakamata: kuna buƙatar haƙa a hankali, matakin da samar da isasshen lokaci don ƙarin biyan kuɗi.
Lokacin yin shuka, ya zama dole a lura da nisa na 30 cm tsakanin layuka, yayin da zurfin shigowa bai kamata ya wuce 2 cm ba.
Yayyafa iri da aka shuka tare da ƙaramin adadin ƙasa. A cikin yanayin sanyi, an ba shi damar rufe seedlings tare da lutrasil. Distancearamar halatta tsakanin tsire-tsire a cikin layi ɗaya shine 10 cm.
Zamanin dasa shuki a ƙasa
Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin ƙarshen bazara - farkon lokacin bazara, suna mai da hankali kan kalanda na wata. An ba da izini a baya, amma yana da daraja la'akari da cewa al'adun matasa ba za su iya tsira daga lokacin sanyi ba. A kasar gona ya kamata a warmed sama, kuma aƙalla 5 ganye ya kamata riga girma a kan seedlings.
Ya kamata a shuka Digitalis a wani wuri mai buyayyar wuri mai kyau, kodayake, furanni na iya haɓaka al'ada a cikin inuwa m. Yankunan da ke kusa da tsire-tsire masu disidu basu dace ba, tunda ƙasa a kusa da irin waɗannan albarkatun gona ke da danshi sosai tare da riƙe ruwa lokaci-lokaci. A irin waɗannan yanayi, digitalis ba zai mutu ba, amma ba za'a sami fure ba.
Fasahar saukowa ta Digitalis
Abubuwan da ake buƙata a ƙasa:
- Friability;
- Abinci mai gina jiki
- Ruwayar ruwa, i.e. Babu tsinkayen danshi.
Hanya ne da haƙa ana aiwatar da shi da farko, kuma zuwa zurfin ba ƙasa da cm 30. Bayan haka, ana yin takin ƙasa da takin a cikin nauyin 5 kilogiram 1 a 2.
A lokacin da dasawa, ba za ku iya lalata dunƙule daga cikin shuka ba, tunda tushen sa ya ragargaje. Bayan dasa, tabbatar da matse ƙasa da ruwa mai yalwa. Kada ku jira ɗan fure a farkon farkon girma, a wannan lokacin shuka zai iya samar da Ros.
Kulawar digitalis na waje
Itace tana buƙatar shayarwa kawai a lokacin rani. Bayan kowace moistening, a hankali sassauta ƙasa don kada ku lalata tsarin tushen farfajiya na dijital. Babu fiye da sau 2 a kakar dole ne a ciyar da takin mai ma'adinai, ana amfani dasu tare da ruwa. Don haɓaka adorativeness, ya zama dole a karya inflorescences waɗanda suka riga sun sami damar yin fure, da bushewa.
Digitalis bayan fure
Tsarin da yakamata da kulawa yana bada tabbacin ingantaccen haɓakar ƙarancin dijital da furanni na lokaci, duk da haka, bayan shi bai kamata ku manta da kulawar ba.
Saboda yanayin tushen tushen saiti, akwai yuwuwar bayyanar sashin tushen. Don kauce wa wannan, musamman a lokacin kaka, ya kamata a yayyafa Digitalis tare da karamin Layer na ƙasa.
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan suna sanannu ne saboda jure yanayin rashin su, amma, idan adadin dusar ƙanƙara ya faɗi a cikin hunturu, inji yana iya zama daskarewa. Ba zai zama mai fifiko ba don cike gurbi da shuɗi ko ganye. Tsari don hunturu yana da mahimmanci musamman ga matasa na digitalis.
Ana iya tattara tsaba bayan cikakken farfadowa na ƙwanƙwasa iri, wanda dole ne a cire shi kafin su fara fashewa. Da farko, dole ne a bushe tsaba a cikin dakin da ke da iska mai kyau, sannan a canza shi zuwa ajiya a cikin jaka takarda kuma a bar shi cikin duhu, wuri mai bushe.
Yaduwar ciyayi na Digitalis
Ana aiwatar da irin wannan haifuwa ta amfani da hanyoyin basal. Da farko kuna buƙatar kawar da gogewar da ya riga ya lalace kuma ya yi wilted, yayin da ba za ku iya taɓa ƙarancin inflorescences ba - suna da amfani don tara tsaba. Makonni 3 bayan wannan, a gindin tsirrai masu tsinkaye, Tushen tushe zai toho. Kowane ɗayan kwasfan tushe zai sami faranti 7-8 na ganye, wanda dole ne a cire shi a hankali kuma a dasa shi. Har ila yau, harbe zai yi ƙarfi har zuwa faɗuwa kuma zai iya yin tsayayya da hunturu mai zuwa. Plantan ƙaramin tsire-tsire zai saya da ƙafafun kuma zai yi fure ba daga baya fiye da kaka mai zuwa.
Cutar da kwari
Powdery Mildew Naman gwari yana bazu cikin sauri a cikin iska, kamar yadda tare da ruwan ban ruwa da kayan aikin. Itacewar da aka shafa itace yellowed, wrinkled kuma ya mutu. A farkon alamun cutar, ya kamata ku rabu da sassan da abin ya shafa, sannan kuyi maganin nan da nan tare da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta na dijital. Idan ba a kawar da cutar ba a farkon matakin, to a matakai masu zuwa, shuka ya rigaya ya kasa ceta.
Tushen rot. Ya kamata a lalata ilimin dijital da wannan cutar ta dakatar da yaduwa. Sannan wurin da tsire-tsire marasa lafiya ya girma yana buƙatar a bi da shi ta hanyar kashe-kashe.
Gangan hatsi. Yana faruwa akan ganye da mai tushe sakamakon ayyukan wasu ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan alama ce ta mutuwar yankin da abin ya shafa. Cutar tana shafar yara da tsirrai masu girma. Cutar na haifar da faduwar ganye lokaci-lokaci, bushewarsu da nakasawa; rauni da rigakafi na digitalis.
Kwayoyin kwari. Dankin yana da saukin kamuwa da hare-hare daban-daban na nau'in aphids, wadanda ke dauke da cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban. Abu ne mai sauki a cire kwaro ta hanyar magance Digitalis da maganin kashe kwari.
Mista mazaunin bazara ya ba da sanarwar: lahani da fa'idodin Digitalis
A baya can, likitoci sun yi amfani da digitalis don kula da cututtuka daban-daban, wadanda aka yi amfani da su azaman pain pain na cututtukan fata, haka kuma don tsabtace jiki da maƙarƙashiya. Koyaya, lokacin da aka sami ƙaruwa na wani abu na Digitalis, maganin ya haifar da tashin zuciya, zawo, kuma ba ya haifar da mutuwa akai-akai.
A karni na XVIII, an fara amfani da furen a cikin maganin gargajiya, akasari don kula da cututtukan zuciya. Ana amfani da Digitalis a halin yanzu don:
- Thearfafa bangon jijiyoyin jini;
- Normalize samar da jini ga tsokoki da kyallen takarda;
- Ingantaccen aikin haɓaka;
- Yaƙi da ciwon zuciya, hauhawar jini, tachycardia;
- Normalize heart rate.
Ina amfani da digitalis ulu fiye da wasu a matsayin kayan albarkatu don magunguna. Kwayoyin halitta, glycosides sun kasance ware daga gare ta. An murƙushe ɗan kwalin zuwa yanayin gari, wanda shine ɓangaren magani. Maganin madadin magani yana nufin yawancin nau'ikan tinctures daga digitalis.
Duk nau'ikan dijital sun ƙunshi guba, wanda ke da haɗari ga lafiyar, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar zuwa shan magungunan kai tare da wannan shuka ba. An keɓe shi musamman ga mutanen da ke fama da huhu da cututtukan zuciya, fama da tachycardia na ciki, har ma da ƙananan yara da mata masu juna biyu.
Amfani da shi na iya haifar da cunkoso, amai, amai, alamomi masu yawa na guba abinci, gazawar numfashi, ƙyallen a cikin jiki, da sauran alamu makamantan su. Tare da yin amfani da tsawan lokaci, anorexia, asarar ci da bayyanar tsadar ruwa zai iya haɓaka.
