Yankin herbaceous perenni cimicifuga ko baƙar fata cohosh racemo an horar da shi tun ƙarni na 18. A gida, a Arewacin Amurka, sanannun maganin kumburi da kayan kwantar da hankali ga mata an san su tun zamanin da. A cikin ilimin magunguna na zamani, ana amfani da tushen tushen ganye don ƙirƙirar abincin abinci. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don magance cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa.
Abu na biyu, sunan wanda ba'a magana ba ya kasance sakamakon gaskiyar cewa a farkon ganyen baƙar fata cohosh ana amfani dashi azaman kashe ƙwayar cuta, da alama kamshin sa mara kyau yana kore kwari. Wannan tatsuniyar daga baya an lalata shi.
Bayanin
Cohosh baƙar fata babban tsire ne; yayin furanni, zai iya kaiwa mita 2.5. Sakin layi a cikin yanki yana nuna sashin layi mai kusurwa huɗu, wanda zai baka damar tsayayya da yanayin iska ba tare da lalacewa ba. Tushen warkarwa yana da tsari mai kyau, mai harba launuka mai kyau daga gareshi, cike da ganyayyaki daga hadaddun sifofi mai cike da koren kore. Leavesasan ganye, wanda yake a ƙasa a gindin farfajiyar, dogaye ne, kuma faɗaɗa, a kan petioles dabam, an watsa shi zuwa sassa biyu ko uku. Tsarin kwanon ya zama madadin, kowannensu na iya kai 12 cm, adadin jimlar akan tsirrai ya kai guda 70, wanda ke sa tsimitsifugu mai girma da kyan gani.
Lokacin furanni yana tsawon lokacin bazara. A ƙarshen bazara, goga (inflorescence) na girman ban sha'awa, har zuwa mita, an kafa shi a kan kara. Bayan 'yan kadan daga baya, furanni sun bayyana, sakamakon kamshi da ba kyau wanda ke jan hankalin ƙwayoyin cuta. Farin furanni fari. Seals a cikin adadin 4 guda da sauri crumble, barin baya mahara stamens na mau kirim ya dafa. Petal da kanta ƙarami ne zuwa 0.3 cm a diamita. Kwaro da babban ɗakin toshe yana ba da kwaya ɗaya kaɗai.
Musamman fifiko shine 'ya'yan itacen, kwalin da ya kai 10 cm a girma ya ƙunshi kusan 7-10 tsaba. A cikin hunturu, idan yanayi yayi iska, tsirrai tayi sauti da ke da alaƙa da tashi, don haka ake fassara sunan Ingilishi don ciyawa a matsayin ciyawar "Rattlesnake".
Dankin yana zaune a gangaren kwari, bankunan koguna, bushes, wurare masu laushi.
Iri da nau'in baƙar fata tare da hotuna tare da suna
Baya ga kaddarorin magunguna, tsimitsifuga yana da kyawawan halaye na ado. Masu amfani da shimfidar wuri da mazaunan bazara suna amfani dashi. A yau, aƙalla iri 15 na shuka an san su, suna bambanta cikin girman daji, tsayi da inuwa na furanni.
Dabbobin daji:
Dubawalokacin fure, tsayi | Bayanin, tsawo, lokacin fure | Bar | Furanni |
| Daurian | Ba sama da mita ba. Yuli zuwa Agusta | A tushe ne pubescent tare da mai kyau tint danda bare zuwa gindi. | Dan kadan ruwan hoda. |
| Racemose | Kimanin 2 m. Duk lokacin bazara. | Kyakkyawan daji a gindin tare da diamita na har zuwa cm 60. Bar ganye da mai tushe na koren launi kore. | Furen fure tare da stamens cream. |
| Mai sauki | Har zuwa 1 m Agusta-Satumba. | Launin ganye da ganyayyaki shudi ne, kore. | Inflorescence drooping tare da farin petals. |
| Baƙi | Babban, har zuwa 2 m. | Ganye mai duhu duhu, tsiro mai tushe da tsintsiya. | Fari. |
Masu shayarwa sun shayar da sabon nau'in tsire-tsire, wasu dazuka na daji suka kirkiro da wasu nau'ikan shahararrun akan su.
Nau'in, lokacin fure, tsayi | Iri daban-daban | Bar | Furanni |
Buga. A watan Satumba - Oktoba. Har zuwa 2 m | Atropurpurea | A farkon kaka, ganye-ja-ja, daga baya juya kore. | Fari. |
| James compton | New iri-iri tare da duhu purple ganye. | Fari. | |
Frau dabbobi Dwarf iri-iri har zuwa 0.4 m high. | Classic duhu kore. | ||
| Turaren ƙanshin ruwan hoda | Cokali da ganyayyaki na beetroot. | Fari da ruwan hoda. | |
| Mai sauki. Agusta - Satumba. | Amintacciyar | Branaƙƙarfan shinge mai launi mai launin shuɗi. | Fari |
Brunette Tall, kara 1.8 m. | Manyan ganye da aka sassaka suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. | Furan fararen fata tare da fatalwa mai launin shuɗi. | |
| Braunland | Ganyayyaki da mai tushe launin ruwan kasa duhu. | Snow fari | |
| Elstead | Itatuwan fure. Peduncles dan kadan mai lankwasa. Haske mai launin shuɗi mai haske. | ||
| Tudun baki Kyawawa | Green-launin ruwan kasa launi na ganye, mai tushe a tsaye Lines. | ||
| Lu'u-lu'u fari | Haske kore ganye da mai tushe. Rare fure. | Manyan ƙananan farin llosscences. | |
| Zuciya. A watan Yuli - Agusta. Har zuwa 1.5 m. | Kada ku emit | Kara yana zagaye, kore mai haske, ganye, mai siffar zuciya, ya sassaka. | Farar fata fari. |
Jafananci Har zuwa 2 m | Filato | Dark kore ganye da mai tushe. | Azir ko tsami. |
| Compacta | Peduncles har zuwa 0.6 m. | Manyan furanni har zuwa cm 2. Ruwan tsami. | |
| Turai | Kada ku emit | Ganyayyaki da harbin launuka masu haske ne, an rufe farfajiyar launin toka da launin toka. | Furen yana da fararen fata tare da daddalai masu yawa a ƙafafu masu tsayi. |
Masu zanen fili suna yawan amfani da cohosh baki a hade tare da wasu tsire-tsire, yana cika kowane abun da ke ciki daidai, da sauri ya samo tushe. Galibi ana amfani da ire-iren tumbi a matsayin shinge kuma a matsayin tushen wuraren tsayawar furanni. Lokacin ƙirƙirar nunin faifai, mafi dacewa sune ƙananan iri. Kyakkyawan ganye mai rikitarwa na daji a kanta zai iya zama ado na lambun, haɗuwa da nau'ikan ceri (Elstead) da letas (Turai) suna da ban sha'awa musamman. Yi ado da tsirrai da tafkunan. Lokacin dasa shuki kusa da kandami, zanen mosses da sauran albarkatun gona zasu dace sosai.
Black cohosh dasa a cikin ƙasa
Kyawawan tsimitsifuga baya bayyana a cikin sunayen sa, kawai Jamusawa sun sami damar bayyana kayan kwalliyar na shuka, suna kiranta "kyandirori na azurfa". Shuka su a cikin fili. Al'adar mara ma'ana ba ta buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, ba ta tsoron inuwa da damp.
Shuka ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi ba a so; ya kamata a sami isasshen sarari kyauta a kusa da daji. Lokacin zabar wuri don gadon filawa, kula da wuraren da aka kiyaye daga iska. Wannan shi ne saboda tsayin dutsen da ke cikin yawancin nau'ikan, tare da iska mai ƙarfi, harbi na iya karyewa.
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shine bazara da kaka. Dole ne a hado da kasar gona domin ba da hadin baki. Tona rami tare da zurfin ba fiye da 30 cm ba, yada kwayoyin halitta zuwa ƙasa, sannan dasa shuki daji. Yana da Dole a lura da babban zafi, shuka ba ya bushe kuma zai iya mutu. Ganyayyaki mai fadi a gindin daji tsoma baki tare da juna a kusa da dasawa, ana bada shawara don kula da nesa na kusan cm 60. An san abubuwan da ke tattare da guba na ciyawa, saboda haka dole ne su wanke hannayensu bayan tuntuɓar ta.
Ba a bukatar sauya tsimitsifuge; yana jin da girma a wuri guda har zuwa shekaru 20.
Kulawar bakaken fata
Al'adar mara ma'ana ta ba wa masu lambu farin ciki:
- Kula da ƙasa mai-da-ruwa ba matsala ba ce. A cikin lokutan zafi da bushe, shawo ruwa ya fi yawa, kusa da ƙarshen ƙarshen, a cikin Oktoba - an rage shi.
- Black cohosh an bada shawarar rufe a gindi daga tushen tare da wani ganye na ganye, wannan yana taimakawa wajen sanya farfajiyar ƙasa kuma yana hana bayyanar ciyawa.
- Idan babu wata manufa ta tara tsaba, to dole a yanke busasshen inflorescences.
- An bada shawarar bambance bambancen da ke da tsaka-tsaki masu tsayi. 'Yan lambu suna amfani da madaidaiciya, matattarar bakin ciki waɗanda kusan ba a iya ganin su a cikin kayan haɗin baki ɗaya.
- Shiri don hunturu yana farawa da yankan mai tushe. Sa'an nan kuma an rufe shafin girma tare da m Layer na needles ko faduwa ganye.
Manyan miya
Asar da take da kyau shine irin wannan shuka take buƙata. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin rami, takin da yashi ana tilas suma a cikin rabo na 7: 3. A lokacin rani, cohosh baki dole ne su sake cika sau ɗaya kuma kuyi shi bayan shekara 3 bayan dasa; a farkon matakan, shuka ba ya buƙatar taimako.
Ana sarrafa taki a farkon lokacin bazara. Abubuwan da suka haɗa da babban abun ciki na nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus sun fi dacewa.
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku wanda ana bred tsimitsifugu: shuka iri, yanka, rarraba daji. Kowace hanya tana da halaye na kanta, amma sakamakonsa koyaushe yana tabbata saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan nau'in yana kusa da ciyawa fiye da ciyawar da aka shuka.
Hanyar mafi sauki ita ake kira rabo. A lokacin bazara, sun tono daji wanda yake akalla shekaru 6 da haihuwa. Ana yin hattara a hankali daga babban shuka, ana shuka tushen kayan abu a wurin sa. An shigar da tsiro zuwa cikin akwati tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka kuma bayan ɗan lokaci an tura shi zuwa tukunya tare da ƙasa ta duniya. Ana sa ciyawar cikin daci har sai da ta fara girma. Daga nan suka canja shi zuwa wurin dindindin a cikin flowerbed.
Yankan shima sauki ne. Ana ɗaukar ganyen ƙasa daga mahaifiyar shuka, yana da mahimmanci cewa akwai wani ɗan kwandon girma a kan petiole. 'Ya'yan itaciyar sun bushe da ƙasa a kan wani yanki mai cike da ruwa kuma an rufe shi da kwalban filastik.
Shuka black cohosh na fata yana buƙatar wasu ilimin. Dole ne a yi amfani da tsaba nan da nan bayan an tattara, to germination zai yi kyau. Idan an barsu daga bara, sun shirya watanni 6 kafin shuka:
- Watanni 3 ana kiyaye shi da zazzabi na +20 ° C;
- sauran lokacin a +4 ° C
Ko da kuwa wurin, buɗe ƙasa ko furen fure, ana iya tsammanin fara farkon harbe ba a cikin watanni shida ba. Lokacin dasawa, baku buƙatar sanyaya ƙasa sosai, tsaba suna iya ruɓewa. Matasa girma girma ta wannan hanyar zai Bloom a karon farko na shekaru 3.
Cutar
Ciyawar ciyawa a yanayi kuma a gonar ta riƙe halayenta. Babban rigakafin tsimitsifugi ya sa al'ada ta zama sanannu. Amma wani lokacin tana iya yin rashin lafiya.
Kwayoyi da suka sa kwaroron daji ana cire su ta hanyar maganin kashe kwari. Wani irin magani za a ɗauka wanda za a zuga shi cikin shagon, farawa daga nau'in parasite.
Cututtukan Tushen suna faruwa tare da danshi mai yawa a cikin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, cire Layer mai kariya na ganye yana rufe tushen yankin, kuma rage ruwa.
Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: kaddarorin warkitsifugi
Tun zamanin da, ana amfani da rhizome na shuka don dalilai na likita. Amfani da shi yana da mafi kyawun sakamako a rage zafin aiki kuma, idan ya cancanta, daidaita sake zagayowar a cikin mata.
A yau, bakan da cututtukan da ake amfani da su ta hanyar cimicifuga sun fi fadi sosai, ana kara nazarin kaddarorin masu zurfi sosai. A cikin kasar Sin, an sanya ganye a matsayin maganin hana kumburi, don kawar da jin zafi iri iri da rage zafin jiki. Abubuwan da aka sansu da maganin antirheumatoid wanda aka san asalin wannan tsiron. Adana magungunan kuma tare da ciwon sukari, cututtukan koda, marasa lafiya tare da damuwa mai juyayi ana wajabta su azaman mai shayarwa. A cikin ilimin maganin maganin hormone, ana amfani da maganin don daidaita daidaituwar estrogens da kuma haɓaka haɓakawa.
Yin amfani da cohosh baƙar fata a matsayin magani, dole ne ku tuna cewa mai tushe da ganyayyaki suna da guba. Amfani da magungunan da suka hada da kayan ganyayyaki an halatta ne kawai kamar yadda likitan halartar ya ke bayar da shi kuma yana karkashin kyakkyawan hukunci. Akwai da dama contraindications da kana bukatar ka sani game da:
- ji na ƙwarai zuwa abubuwan ko abubuwan rashin lafiyan;
- ciki da lokacin lactation:
- ciwace-ciwacen yanayi daban-daban tare da dogara kai tsaye akan abubuwan estrogen;
- cutar hanta.
Akwai nau'ikan kantin magani daban-daban dangane da tsimitsifugi: ruwa mai bushewa da bushewa, foda, Allunan, kwantena.
Gudanar da kai na magunguna don warkewa dalilai haramun ne. Ana buƙatar shawarar likita.
Magungunan yawan abin sama da ya kamata da kuma abubuwanda suka shahara an san su. Wucewa da kashi yana cike da ciwon kai da tashin zuciya. Akwai karuwa cikin nauyin jiki a cikin marasa lafiya da ke shan maganin akan ci gaba. Abubuwan da ke tattare da rashin lafiyan ƙwayar cuta da rikicewar ciki.
