Carnation asalin halittar fure ne daga dangin Carnation. Kyakkyawan fure mai tsiro na herbaceous, yana nufin duka daji da lambun.
Sunan da aka karɓa yana godiya ga kalmomin Girkanci 2 waɗanda ke nufin allah da fure. A cikin tsohuwar harshen an fassara ta da “fure ta Allah”.
Siffar Carnation
Tsarin Tushen kai tsaye ya dogara da nau'in shuka da aka shuka. An kasu gida uku:
- zurfin germination;
- yi masa alama;
- fibrous.
Wannan fure yana da yiwuwar samun ci gaba na lokaci daya na ciyayi da furanni, yayin da suke da bambance-bambance na kawance. Ganyayyaki da aka samo a kan kara suna iya zama nau'ikan da yawa: layi-layi, layi-lanceolate, awl-mai siffa.
A tsoffin lokatai na cloves, abin da ake kira lignification, gaba ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan ɓangarorin kara, yana bayyane, saboda wannan ya zama kama da daji.
A kan karar 1 fure ne, wanda ya ƙunshi 5 petals. Farantin fure yana a kwance, ana yinsa, ko kuma a cikin wani gefen waje mai buɗewa. Koyaya, akwai nau'ikan da suka keta waɗannan sharudda. Misali, suna da furanni da yawa a lokaci daya, wanda aka tattara cikin inflorescences. Launi ya bambanta, daga ja zuwa lavender. Wasu nau'ikan suna iya samun tabarau waɗanda ba a sani ba, kamar su orange, kore, purple.
A kusan dukkanin nau'ikan carnations, tushe na tushe yana rufe da bakin ciki, ƙananan gashi. Wannan kariya ce ta kwaro ta halitta.
Akwai wasu launuka daban-daban kamar terry da semi-terry. Sun banbanta sosai da na al'ada a kamanninsu.
Iri da nau'ikan carnations
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan tsiro, kowane ɗayan ya kasu kashi biyu, wanda biyun kusan kusan 100% na musamman ne, suna da kawai alamun alamun kamance tsakanin kansu.
Alpine
Ya kasance ga tsirrai da ke tsiro. Kara tsayi har zuwa cm 25. Tare da girma, an kafa bushes-bushes. Mafi mashahuri a tsaunukan Austria. Tana da ganye, dogaye masu tsini waɗanda fentin kore.
Furanni kansu manya ne, suna da kyakkyawan launi - Lilac, purple, ja, rasberi. A gefuna, filayen suna, kamar, yanke, farfajiya tana da tsari mai fasko. A cikin yanayin daji, lokacin furanni ya faɗi a tsakiyar bazara. A gida, zaka iya samun na biyu a ƙarshen bazara.
Harafin baka
Dankin yana da ciyawa, mai tushe yana da siffar saukar da ƙasa, duk da haka, sun kai tsayin sama da cm 50. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, ana iya samun wannan nau'in a gefuna na gandun daji. Ganyen yana da siffar elongated, launi kore, tsawonsa ya kai 10,6 cm.
Furen ya ƙunshi filayen fure 5 na launin ruwan hoda, waɗanda kuma biyun an rufe su da ƙaramin digiri na farin dige. An samo su a cikin jinsuna 2, kadai kuma a cikin inflorescences. Mafi mashahuri amfani da matsayin ornamental shuka.
Kafa
Perennial, matsakaici matsakaici - har zuwa 50 cm a tsawon. Mafi yawanci a cikin yankin Turai na Rasha, galibi ana samun su a Crimea.
Kara yana da launin toka-koren launi, ganye mai layi. Furen fure ne mai launin shuɗi, yana da ƙanshin gaske mai ƙanshi. Fitar wannan nau'in yana faruwa a tsakiyar bazara.
Grenadine
Shahararren nau'ikan cloves na lambun. Yana cikin rukunin perennial. Ana ganin fure mai dumbin yawa a shekara ta biyu bayan dasa shuki a ƙasa.
Wannan nau'in, biyun, an kasu kashi biyu zuwa biyu a furen furanni: talakawa da ninki biyu. Girman dutsen guda biyu bai wuce cm 6 ba. Ganyen dake kan kara ne kunkuntar, pinnate.
Allura (allura)
Furanni girma daban-daban a kan na bakin ciki, babban kara, kuma za a iya tattara a inflorescences, har zuwa 4 guda.
Suna da farin inuwa mai launin fure. Sunan sunanta don kaifin ganyen, mai kama da allura.
Sinanci
Kaƙƙarfan knotty tare da ƙaramin tsayi na 15 cm kuma mafi girman 40 cm. ganye yana da tsayi kuma kunkuntar, wani lokacin ma juya. Furanni ma suna zuwa nau'ikan 2 - terry kuma mai sauƙi. A tsakiyar ana zane su da shunayya, kusa da ƙarshen furannin, farawa a tsakiya - da fararen fata.
Suna da daidaitaccen siffar. Wannan halayyar tana ba ku damar girma a cikin yankin mahalli, a kan baranda. Wani mahimmin fasalin wannan nau'in shine kusan babu kamshin kamshi a cikin furanni. Ana samun su daban-daban, kuma a cikin inflorescences of 4 guda.
Knappa
Goge perennial. Ofaya daga cikin irin shuka a cikin carnations, tare da launin shuɗi na furanni.
Wannan nau'in ya fi yawa, amma kuma yana faruwa da fararen fararen fata.
Sandy
Sunan ta ne don mazaunin da aka fara gano ta. A cikin sharuddan ƙasa, ya fi son ƙasa mai yashi. Harbi har zuwa 40 cm tsayi.
Furanni suna da shuɗi launin ruwan hoda cikin girma, cm 3.5 a girman .. Girman gefun an ɗora su da wani sabon abu mai kama da abu.
Lush
A madadin sanyi-resistant, unpretentious irin fure, don girma fi son makiyaya, gandun daji gefuna. Tana faruwa a gefen teku.
Mutane samfurori daban-daban suna iya isa zuwa tsawo na cm 50. Lokacin da girma, ya samar da sako-sako da daji tare da m sabon abu. Blooms sau biyu a lokacin bazara, a farkon, da kuma a ƙarshen.
Lambu
Mafi sani da Yaren mutanen Holland. Yana da ciyawa, ciyayi masu sauri. Furanni suna da yawa, a kan kafafu mai tsayi.
Yana faruwa a cikin nau'i na ware da inflorescences, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin 2 bambance-bambancen karatu. Babban fasalin shine yiwuwar namo shekara shekara a cikin tukwane, a gida.
Ciyawa
Kara yana da bakin ciki sosai, tare da matsakaicin tsayin kusan 40 cm. launi na halitta na furanni na wannan nau'in launuka masu ruwan hoda, carmine.
Wasu lokuta ana samun su a cikin farin buds. Commonlyarancin yau da kullun, tare da zane-zane akan petals. Irin waɗannan ana ɗaukar su marasa galihu kuma ana yaba su sosai.
Baturke
Mafi yawan nau'in fure na al'ada. Yana nufin ƙungiyar yara masu shekaru biyu da rai. Harbi ya kai tsawo na 65 cm.
Inflorescences na thyroid tarin furanni ne masu kyau, wanda, ƙari da haka, suna da ƙanshin ban mamaki.
Shabo
Hakanan akwai nau'ikan daji na cloves, wannan shine ɗayansu. Tushen tsarin ya fi ci gaba fiye da sauran nau'in wannan shuka. Isarshe tushe ne mai laushi, zai iya kai cm 60 a tsayi. Furanni waɗanda suke girma a saman suna da girma sosai.
A diamita, za su iya girma har zuwa cm 7. Suna da farin launi mai haske. Hakanan akwai wurare masu ruwan hoda, rawaya, furanni ja.
Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan shekara-shekara suna faruwa ne saboda ƙyalƙyalinsu in an kwatanta su da na zamanin. Bugu da ƙari, don irin waɗannan nau'ikan ba kwa buƙatar ƙirƙirar tsari don hunturu.
Siffofin kulawa da haɓaka carnations a cikin ƙasa buɗe
Kamar duk tsire-tsire da aka horar, cloves suna buƙatar girbi sako na yau da kullun, shayarwa, da taki. Wajibi ne a cire fure mai bushe, yayin barin karar da bata wuce 10 cm ba .. Wadancan ire-iren wadanda suke da kauri da tsayi kara ya kamata a ɗaura su da tallafi.
Kulawa ya dogara da nau'in da aka horar, yanayi don ci gabansa, yanayin yanayin yanki da yanki. Duk nau'ikan suna ba da fifiko ga kayan faci na rana, amma suna girma sosai cikin yanayin faɗuwar rana. Koyaya, girman furen, haske da jikewa da launi daga abubuwan fure sune suka dogara da wannan, kusan dukkan nau'ikan sun fi son ɗan ƙaramin alkaline, ɗan ƙasa takan daɗe.
Ana taka muhimmiyar rawa ta hanyar yawan danshi na ƙasa; kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan hakan. Wuce kima - mara kyau ya shafi ci gaban.
Yankuna da nau'ikan da basu da rigakafi ga yanayin zafi, ƙanƙan ƙasa, tare da farkon kaka yana buƙatar rufe. Yi shi kamar haka. A kusa da furanni, ana shigar da allon, suna samar da bututu, a ciki wanda furen ya kamata. Abu na gaba, ana sanya ganyayen ganye da ganye a ciki, wannan ya zama dole don dumama tsire a cikin hunturu, bargo mara nauyi. Bayan haka an rufe zanen da fim.
Reactivates sosai. Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar takin ko taki kamar taki.
Bayan kammala tsari na fure, wajibi ne a yanke tushe. A cikin wannan al'amari, yana da mahimmanci cewa nesa daga ƙasa zuwa yanke bai zama ƙasa da cm 15. Nan da nan bayan wannan aikin, ƙasar da ke kusa ta kasance takin, kwance da kuma shayar. Kimanin wata daya bayan hanya, sabon siffofin harbi, an fara maimaita fure.
Yaduwar carnation da kulawa a gida
Karkashin dukkan lamura da fasali, cloves na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 6, koda a gida.
Don dasa ɗakin wannan shuka, hanyar haifuwa ta amfani da tsaba cikakke. Wannan ita ce mafi sauki kuma mafi yawanta. Bugu da kari, a gida babu cikakken buƙatar seedlings, saboda ana shuka tsaba nan da nan a cikin tukunyar filawa, inda sannan kyakkyawan fure, ƙanshi zai yi girma.
Lokacin shuka tsaba yana cikin watan Fabrairu-Maris, ana yin haka ne domin bayyanar furannin farko ya kusan zuwa farkon bazara. An shirya ma'adinai na musamman don shuka, ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa: Turf da ƙasar ganye, peat, yashi. Duk waɗannan suna gauraya cikin 2: 1: 1: 1 rabbai. Don kare shuka daga kamuwa da cututtuka da yawa, kwari, an shirya cakuda da aka shirya.
M bayani mai danshi na daskararru cikakke ne ga waɗannan dalilai. Ana shayar da cakuda tare da bayani a gaba. A kasan kasan tukunyar, an saka magudanar ruwa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa shuka bai yi haƙuri da stagnation na danshi a cikin ƙasa. Yawan tsaba da aka shuka sun dogara da nau'in akwati inda za'a sanya su. Idan kuna shirin girma a cikin tukunya, tsaba 2-3 sun isa. Idan a cikin akwati, a can wajibi ne don rage ƙarancin, ya ba da nisa na aƙalla 20 cm tsakanin ƙwayayen.
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin kusan 0.3 mm. Sa'an nan kuma shayar, amma ta hanyar bututun ƙarfe na musamman don spraying. Ana yin wannan ne domin kar a zurfafa hatsi a cikin ƙasa, kuma kada a lalata su. Don tabbatar da haɓaka, an sanya kwandon girke tare da tsaba inda zazzabi ba zai zama ƙasa ba, amma ba ya fi +24 ° C girma ba. Don cimma adadin da ake so, sun rufe wani abu tare da ganga.
Kula da cloves, wanda aka girma a gida, ya fi sauƙi fiye da kula da shuka a cikin ƙasa. M mafi mahimmanci: loosening na yau da kullum na ƙasa, kayan miya da yankan.
A ƙarshen lokacin furanni, an yanke inflorescences tare da saman tushe. Saboda wannan, bayan wani lokaci, carnation za su iya sake yin fure, suna murna da nau'ikan jinsin mazaunan gida.
Tunda ita ba mai goyon bayan yawan wuce gona da ruwa bane, ba a ba da shawarar sanya tukwane na fure a cikin ɗakuna masu zafi, alal misali, a gidan wanka. Kuna buƙatar shigar da tukunya a cikin yanki mai iska mai kyau. Ya kamata a yi ruwa kawai lokacin da ganyen ruwan sama ya bushe da misalin mm 10. Ba shi yiwuwa a fesa wata shuka, wannan zai cutar da ci gabanta.
Hakanan yana yiwuwa a ciyar da cloves na cikin gida, saboda wannan zai ba da damar shuka suyi sauri da ƙarfi. Ana yin riguna na fari ta farko ta hanyar ban ruwa da zaran an kara kara girma zuwa akalla cm 9. Na biyu ya samo asali ne daga samuwar buds.
Carnations ana yaduwa ta hanyar dabarar itace, watau, rabuwa da fure daga daji. Hanyar ta duniya ce. Zasu iya ƙaruwa kusan dukkanin perennial carnations. Don dasa, yashi ko perlite ana buƙatar. Tsarin dasa kansa yana faruwa a ƙarshen bazara, farkon lokacin bazara. Anyi bayanin wannan ta gaskiyar cewa a wannan lokacin da harbe suka zama mafi yawan gani. Bayan haka, ba za su iya sake rikitar da su ba.
Stemsaƙƙarfan tushe sune mafi dacewa a cikin shuka don wannan hanyar, kuma tsayin su ya zama aƙalla 5 cm. Ka kiyaye sosai ganyen ganyen akan kara - aƙalla 3. Bayan wannan, an cire ƙarin 2 nodes. Sannan an sanya abin da ke cikin ɗan ƙaramin wuri a gaban wurin yin harbi. Zurfin yanke yana da mahimmanci, yakamata ya zama daidai 1/3 na diamita na kara. Furtherari, an sanya peran a cikin ƙasa wanda aka shirya don dasa. Duk wannan ginin yana buɗewa a lokacin rani.
Koyaya, alal misali, nau'in carnations na Turkiyya ana iya yada shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar rarraba daji. Wannan ya kamata a yi a farkon bazara, idan an yi komai daidai, fure zai fara bazara.
An ba da shawarar bambance-bambancen tare da dogayen harbe don yadawa ta hanyar farawa. Ana yin wannan kamar haka: da farko fara jujjuya daga tushe - zuwa, zurfin kusan 1/3 na tushe. Bayan haka, an haɗa ɓangaren tare da yanke zuwa ƙasa, an zuba yashi a saman sa, sannan a yi ruwa. Lokacin da sabon haɓaka ya bayyana, ana buƙatar rabuwa da shuka kuma a dasa shi.
Sake bugun ta amfani da tsaba yana dacewa kawai da nau'ikan shuka na shekara.
Ana shawarar dasa daskararrun dabino zuwa ƙarshen bazara. A matsayin akwati, tukwane cike da yashi cikakke. Zazzabi da ya fi dacewa da shuka ya wuce + 20 ° C. Shuka seedlings dole ne tsananin bayan 4 nau'i-nau'i daga ganye bayyana.
Cututtuka da kwari na cloves
Cloves fama da cututtuka da kwari. Babu furanni tare da cikakkiyar rigakafi, saboda ci gaba na ci gaba da fungi da ƙwayoyin cuta. Abin baƙin ciki, babu wani magani na duniya don cututtuka ko dai. Ko da nau'in fure na cikin gida yana da mummunar damar kamuwa da cutar. Wadannan sun hada da tushen daskararre. Domin tsire-tsire don kar a yi rashin lafiya tare da shi, ya wajaba don aiwatar da maganin cutar sankara. Ya ƙunshi ban ruwa na yau da kullun da dosed, ingantaccen magudanar ruwan kwandon fure.
Idan har yanzu ba zai yuwu ba don cetuwa daga cutar, ba zai yuwu a warke ba. Abin da ya rage shi ne kauda kai da lalacewa. Sannan ƙasa wanda akwai fure mai rashin lafiya yana buƙatar kulawa da maganin fungicidal don aikin lambu. Ana iya siyan wannan a kowane shagon musamman.
Sau da yawa ƙasa da ƙasa fiye da a cikin ƙasa bude, amma har yanzu samu - heterosporiosis. Wannan kuma naman gwari ne, kuma kashin kamfani ne na shuka. Yin rigakafi da magani iri daya ne. Bayan tashin hankali, dole ne a kula da ƙasa da mafita na musamman.
Mr. Dachnik ya ba da shawarar: albasa - kaddarorin magani, aikace-aikace
An dade ana amfani da Cloves a magungunan mutane. Lissafin kyawawan kaddarorin nata sunada yawa:
- maganin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta
- dukiyar antispasmodic;
- dukiyar riga-kafi;
- sakamako diuretic;
- kamuwa da cuta.
Koyaya, akwai contraindications don amfanin wannan shuka. Ba za a iya amfani da shi don kula da yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 2 ba. An ba da shawarar sosai don amfani don mutanen da ke da cutar hawan jini, gastritis, mata masu juna biyu. Yana da kyau a dena amfani da shi a gaban abubuwan da ke cike da damuwa, tashin hankali.
