Eustoma wani lambu ne mai tsirrai na gida. Har kwanan nan, furen ba ta yaɗu sosai ba, amma a yau a kan gadaje na fure da taga sills na gidaje zaka iya ganin yawancin nau'ikan eustoma - fari, shunayya, shuɗi, murya biyu.
Furen Eustoma - fasali
Lisithus ko eustoma furen fure ne mai kyawu mai kyawu tare da ganye, wanda kamar an rufe shi da kakin zuma, mai daɗin ɗanɗano mai haske. Inflorescences suna da yawa, a cikin nau'i mai shimfidar ciki, mai sauƙi ko ninki biyu, tare da diamita na kusan cm 8. Yawancin inflorescences waɗanda basu riga sun yi kama da fure ba, amma kamar yadda fure fure, fure yana canzawa kuma yayi kama da poppy. Mai har zuwa 120 cm tsayi, reshe mai karfi, saboda haka shuka daya ya rigaya ya cika, hancin fure.
Har zuwa buds guda 35 ana kafa su lokaci guda akan daji. Yanke furanni na iya tsayawa a cikin kayan ado na har tsawon kwanaki 30.
Af, a cikin Netherlands, eustoma yana ɗayan furanni furanni goma, kuma a Poland suna karbar lambobin yabo a kai a kai. A gida, furen yana girma zuwa 20 cm, kuma a kan flowerbed zaka iya shuka daji har zuwa mita 1.5.
Iri da nau'ikan eustoma
Kowace shekara, sababbin nau'ikan fure mai ban mamaki suna bayyana a cikin shagunan musamman. Dasa kayan yana samuwa ga masu lambu don ƙwararru da yan koyo waɗanda suke so su girma furanni masu haske a cikin fure. Lokacin zabar tsaba, kula da tsawo na daji, nau'in inflorescence, launi, yanayin girma. Tsaba kadan ne, saboda haka ana siyar da su cikin sikelin.
An bada shawarar lambu mai son yin zaɓin nau'in eustoma na shekara-shekara, tun da za a iya girma shekaru biyu na musamman a cikin gidan shinkafa, amma wannan na buƙatar ƙwarewa da ilimi.
Babban nau'ikan eustoma
| Digiri | Bayanin | Girma (cm) | Sanadarinka |
| Tall | |||
| Aurora | Matsayi na shekara-shekara. Da wuri, dogon fure. | Har zuwa 120. | Terry fari, shuɗi, shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. |
| Heidi | A shuka Forms a sprawling daji, inflorescences tsari da wuri. | Kimanin 90. | Su launi daya ne da launuka biyu, wanda yake kan katako mai kyau. |
| Flamenco | Mafi girma. Yin tsayayya da cuta. | Kimanin 125. | Manyan launuka iri iri - fararen, shuɗi, ruwan hoda, sautin biyu. |
| Ba a fahimta | |||
| Florida ruwan hoda | Na cikin gida iri-iri, daga furanni zaka iya tattara kyawawan furanni. | Ba sama da 20 ba. | M ruwan hoda tare da yadin da aka saka. |
| Jarumawa | Unpretentious ga gida lambu. | Har sai 15. | M, har zuwa 6 cm a diamita, launuka daban-daban. |
| Karin kararrawa | Ba a tantance shi tare da inflorescences located tam a kan kara. | Har sai 15. | Talakawa, ƙarami, tabarau iri-iri. |
Inda mafi kyawun girma - a gado na fure ko a gida
Cikin gida ko ciyawar shuka itace eustoma? A baya can, lisianthus an girma shi kaɗai a gida, amma a yau ana sayar da tsaba don sayarwa akan ciyawar. Ana amfani dashi don yin kwalliyar tsaunuka masu tsayi, an kirkiro masu amfani da kayan daga ciki.
Flow ya fara a tsakiyar lokacin bazara, yana ci gaba har zuwa farkon Oktoba. Bloaya daga cikin daji fure na tsawon watanni hudu.
A cikin yankuna na kudanci. A karkashin yanayin yanayi mai kyau, idan ka sare fure a lokaci, sabbin harbe zasu tafi daga tushe kuma eustoma zaiyi fure. Koyaya, a tsakiyar layi ba shi yiwuwa a sami irin wannan sakamako.
Idan kuna buƙatar shuka fure ta wani kwanan wata, ya isa ku shuka tsaba kamar yadda aka tsara.
| Shuka tsaba | Gudun ruwa |
| Nuwamba-Disamba | Yuni |
| A karshen Disamba | Yuli |
| Tsakanin Juma'a | Agusta |
| Ofarshen ranar juma'a | Satumba |
Eustoma furen fure ne wanda zai iya jure ƙananan sanyi. Babban kuskuren fara yan lambu shine ƙarshen girbi na tsaba. Idan kun shirya kayan dasa a cikin bazara, buds basu da lokacin bayyana.
Abubuwan da ake bukata
- Yankunan rana.
- Abincin ƙasa mafi kyau shine humus tare da ƙari na peat.
- Hanya mafi kyau don kiwo ita ce daga tsaba. Hanyar yankan ba zai yiwu ba.
- Ana shayar da shuka bayan ƙasa ta bushe, danshi mai yawa yana da haɗari ga daji.
- Bayan an fara fure, ba za a iya dasa daji ba, in ba haka ba tsarin tushen ya mutu.
- A gida, lisithus yana girma cikin yanayi mai sanyi.
Tsarin iri
Girma kyakkyawa, daji na eustoma daji a gida ba shi da sauƙi isa har ma ga masanan lambu. Tsarin yana da tsawo, mai aiki. Babban wahalar ƙananan ƙanana ne, ba shi da sauƙi yin aiki tare da su. Matsala ta biyu ita ce ƙarancin germination na kayan shuka (daga cikin tsaba 100, babu sama da 60 ba tushe).
Algorithm na ayyuka:
- a tsakiyar hunturu sun fara shirya tsaba;
- mafi kyawun zaɓi shine gurbataccen haifuwa tare da ƙaramin abun ciki na nitrogen;
- an baza tsaba a farfajiya kuma a guga;
- daga saman kwandon an rufe shi da polyethylene;
- ramuka don yin iska a cikin fim;
- idan ana buƙatar ƙarin hasken wuta, shigar da fitilu;
- Dole ne a kiyaye danshi ta hanyar shuka tsiro.
Mafi yawan zafin jiki: +20 ºC a lokacin rana da +14 ºC da dare.
Idan kun lura da yanayi da fasaha, farkon harbe sun bayyana bayan kwanaki 14, don hanzarta haɓaka su, ana bi da su da maganin maganin musamman. Lokacin da cikakkun ganye guda biyu suka bayyana, an dasa shuki a cikin kwantena daban. Ana canja tsire-tsire zuwa flowerbed bayan watanni uku.
Kiwo gida
Don lisianthus zuwa Bloom a cikin hunturu, ana shuka tsaba daga tsakiyar lokacin rani zuwa farkon faɗuwar rana.
Algorithm na ayyuka:
- kwandon ya cika da kayan maye (cakuda yashi, peat);
- an baza tsaba a kai;
- ana sanya kwantena a cikin ɗumi mai ɗumi;
- a kai a kai suna feshin ƙasa.
Lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, ya kamata a ninka rabin ruwa domin kasa ta sami lokacin bushewa dan kadan. Da zaran an kafa cikakken ganye, ana dasa bushes zuwa cikin tukwane daban.
Varietiesan cikin gida suna buƙatar ƙarin hasken, samun oxygen. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da tsarin zazzabi da ya dace - tsakanin +19 ºC da +22 ºC.
Ban ruwa ne da za'ayi tare da tsaftataccen ruwa. Bushes baya buƙatar fesa ruwa. Ciyar da tare da bayyanar farkon buds. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa da sau biyu a wata. Lokacin da iska ta tashi da kyau, ana fitar da eustoma zuwa sabon harshe. Dole ne a yanke mai tushe, ya bar nau'i biyu na ganye.
Eustoma a gonar
Don namo a cikin lambu, furanni na eustoma suna girma daga tsaba. Suna sown daga Disamba zuwa Janairu, wanda ya sa buds bayyana a lokacin daga karshen May zuwa Yuli. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna waɗanda filastik cike da abin da aka gama. Kowace akwati dole ne a rufe shi da filastik, don haka ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse.
A cikin watanni da yawa, seedlings suna buƙatar:
- iska da samun iska;
- ƙarin hasken wuta;
- fesa ruwa.
A cikin rabin biyu na Fabrairu, ana tura gilashin zuwa mafi tsananin hasken rana kuma mafi girman taga sill. Don hana kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cututtuka daban-daban, ana yayyafa ƙwayar da sinadarin Fundazole. Da zaran cikakkun ganye biyu sun bayyana akan shuki, an watsa ganyen eustoma cikin tukwane. Ruwan kwantena an sake rufe su da fim, amma a buɗe yayin rana don samun iska.
A zahiri cikin sati guda da seedlings ke tsiro sau biyu kuma a cikin Maris an sake watsa shi cikin manyan tukwane na diamita. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci don kula da dunƙulewar ƙura.
Lokaci mafi dacewa don sake dasa shuki a kan ciyawar shine Mayu, tunda yuwuwar sanyi ba ƙanƙanen abu bane. Yana da mahimmanci a zabi sashin da ke kariya daga iska, wanda yake da kyau sosai.
Yadda za a shuka tsire-tsire na eustoma:
- wajibi ne don shirya rami;
- zuba ruwa a kansa;
- ba tare da share dunƙarar dunƙarar ba, sai a sa ɗanyen a tsakiyar ramin ya yayyafa da ƙasa.
- an rufe shi da kwandon filastik (ba za a cire shi ba aƙalla makonni biyu).
Minimumarancin nisa tsakanin ramuka shine cm 10. Yana da mahimmanci a lura da tsarin shaye shaye - don seedlingsan yarinyar na eustoma, ofarfin danshi da ƙarancin sa masu cutarwa.
Nasihu Masu Amfani
- Bayan bayyanar ganye 6 zuwa 8, tsunkule saman shuka. Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar kambi mai ƙyalli.
- Ana aiwatar da riguna na farko na farko a cikin wata - ana amfani da takin ma'adinai, amma an shirya maganin a cikin ƙaramin taro.
- An yanke furanni na fure.
Lisithus bayan fure
Bayan furanni ya ƙare, an cire rassan, amma ba gaba daya ba - sun bar centan santimita (ƙwallon ƙafa biyu, saboda furanni masu zuwa). An sanya ƙarfin a cikin daki inda zafin jiki bai tashi sama da +15 ºC ba. A cikin watanni na hunturu, an rage ruwa, ba a amfani da takin mai magani. An dasa daji zuwa cikin sabuwar ƙasa kawai a cikin bazara, tare da zuwan sababbin ganye.
A hankali dawo da tsarin kulawa na baya:
- haske mai haske;
- yanayin ruwa;
- saman miya.
Kwaro da Cututtuka
| Matsalar | Dalilai | Matsalar warware matsala |
| Mafi yawan cututtuka gama gari: rot rot, mildew powdery | Rashin yarda da yanayin zazzabi (sanyi sosai) da kuma zafi. | Shirye-shirye: Topsin, Saprol. An maye gurbinsu, kuma ana amfani dasu don prophylaxis (ana kula da tsire-tsire masu lafiya). |
| Kwari: aphids, sauro na naman kaza, shimfidu, fararen fata. | Maƙwabta tare da tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta, kulawa mara kyau. | Jiyya tare da kwayoyi: Mospilan, Confidor, Fitoverm. |
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya gaya: yadda za a ci gaba da fure eustoma
Yanke inflorescences tsaya a cikin gilashin fure har zuwa wata daya. Don haɓaka rayuwar eustoma, ya zama dole a canza ruwan a kai a kai don tsabtace shi, don hana bayyanar ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da kari, rassan ya kamata su sami isasshen abinci mai gina jiki.
Shawarwari:
- riga a cikin ruwa, mai tushe dole ne a yanke obliquely;
- yana da Dole a yi aiki tare da almakashi almakashi ko wuka;
- ganye wanda aka tarko cikin ruwa dole ne a cire shi;
- a yanka kara, saka wani wasa domin ruwa ya shiga cikin sauki.
Mafi kyawun duka, an adana eustoma a cikin mazaunin, ruwa mai tacewa. Kuna iya kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda tabbas suna cikin ruwa ta wannan hanyar:
- Sanya abun cikin azurfa a cikin gilan.
- zuba ash a cikin ruwa;
- narke kwamfutar asfirin; ana amfani da allunan carbon da yawa a ciki;
- Narke tablespoon na gishiri a ruwa.
Ana buƙatar canza ruwa kowace rana, kuma ya kamata a wanke mai tushe tare da ruwa a fili. Kuma masana suna ba da abinci don maganin eustoma kamar haka:
- ƙara tablespoon na sukari;
- yi amfani da mafita na musamman.
Ana canza abinci mai gina jiki kullun tare da ruwa.
Eustomas suna da fa'idodi da yawa - launuka iri-iri, suna daɗaɗa sabo na dogon lokaci bayan yankewa, suna kafa daji mai cike da furanni da yawa. Ba kamar fure ba, eustoma ba shi da ƙaya.
