Hanya mafi kyau don shuka wardi akan kanku shine yankan itace, wanda yafi dacewa a samar da kaka maimakon lokacin bazara. Kuma don jimre wa irin wannan hanyar da mutumin da ba shi da isasshen gogewa. Duk da yake grafting wardi na bukatar ba kawai wasu dabaru ba, har ma da daidaituwar motsi da kuma daidai yanayin da yanke a kan karkatar da scion da stock. Bari muyi la’akari da mataki-mataki duk matakan wannan zaba.
Amfanin kaka kaka na wardi
Mafi yawan lambu yi imani da cewa kaka kaka ne fin so zuwa bazara. Wannan ya faru ne da farko sakamakon halayyar kwayoyin halitta na shuka.
- A cikin kaka, an shirya bushes ɗin don hunturu, ana bi da su tare da shirye-shirye na kashe kwari, an cire ɓarnatattun harbe kuma an yanke mai tushe, daga abin da ake samo tsiron da suke buƙata.
- Saplings da aka shirya a cikin kaka suna jure hunturu hunturu, kuma koda sun lalata ɓangaren iska, sabbin harbe zai fito ne daga fararen hular da ke a ƙasa.
- Sake haifuwa ta wannan hanyar kuma yana taimakawa a cikin yaki da samuwar tsarin tushen daji: yawancin fure-fure na farko ana lika su ne a saman katako, wanda idan ba a kiyaye shi da kyau ba, zai iya jan ganyayyaki.
- Wani fa'idar wannan dabarar ita ce duk wani bouquet da aka siya a cikin shago zai iya zama tushen kyawawan wardi don gonar.
Lokacin katako na wardi a kaka
Lokaci na ra'ayi na gogaggen lambu diverges. Wasu sun yi imani cewa yana da kyau a dafa harbe a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba kafin farkon sanyi na farko. Wasu kuma sun bada shawarar jira da yawan zafin jiki na dare suyi kasa-kasa zuwa -1 ... -3 ° C, a lokaci guda zafin rana zai yi daidai.
Yana da mahimmanci a mai da hankali kan yanayin yankin ku. Don tsakiyar Rasha, yana da kyau a yanke shi a watan Oktoba, don Siberiya da Urals - a tsakiyar Satumba da farkon Oktoba, a cikin yankunan kudanci - a ƙarshen Oktoba da farkon Nuwamba.
Abin da wardi za a iya yada shi da taimakon kaka dasa tushen
Ba duk wardi ne da suka dace da girma da iri ba. Mafi wahalar kai tushen:
- filin shakatawa (Ibrahim Derby, Abokin lambu, Fallstaff, Ballerina);
- remontant (Georg Arend, Georg Dixon, Paul Neuron, Ulrich Brucknerfis);
- gargajiya al'adun shayi (La Faransa, Per Gunt, Alexander, Prima Ballerina).
An ba da shawarar a yi musu alurar riga kafi.
Wadannan nau'ikan da aka fi dacewa suna yada su ta hanyar itace:
- polyanthus (Fairyland, Lady Karatu, Red Ballerina, Orange Triumph);
- ƙaramin (Catherine Deneuve, Princess de Monaco, Jardin de Bagatelle, Marcel Palogl);
- Semi-planar da hawa dutsen (Baltimore Belle, Bobby James, Golden Wings, Dortmund, Mermaid);
- wardi daga kungiyar Rambler (Excelsia, Super Excelsia);
- furanni daga ajin floribunda (Iceberg, Brothers Grimm, Rosalind, Sangria).
Yanke fure a kaka
Kafin yanke yankan, ya zama dole don shirya kayan aiki - dole ne ya zama mai kaifi. Bayan ya yi haske, an goge shi da giya kuma a bi da shi da ruwan zãfi.
Don tushen nasara, yakamata ku zaɓi tsararren tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu kyau tare da harbe mai kyau, 4-5 mm lokacin farin ciki kuma yanke su. Rarraba hanyoyin da aka samu zuwa sassa uku ko hudu saboda a kiyaye kodan da suka kafa na 3-5 akan kowane samfurin.
Domin kada ya rikice daga baya a wane bangare don dasa kakin, ana bada shawara cewa a gyara sassan babba kai tsaye 3 cm sama da koda na farko, da ƙananan ƙananan a wani kusurwa kai tsaye a ƙasa da ƙoda na ƙarshe.
Idan kuna shirin tushen sprouts nan da nan, to, an bar wani ɓangaren ganyayyaki a kansu. Idan an dage farawar ganyen a adana, to, an cire ganyen gaba daya.
Dasa ciyawar roan fure a cikin faduwa a cikin ƙasa
Autumn harbe bada shawarar a nan da nan dasa a cikin wani m wuri. A wannan yanayin, ba za su buƙatar jujjuya su ba za su yi fure sosai.
Ana ba da shawarar hanyar yin ƙasa mai zuwa:
- A gaba, tono ramuka ko furrow don dasa shuki game da 30 cm zurfi kuma cika kashi biyu bisa uku na ciyawa kuma ya juya takin.
- Ana kula da ƙananan ɓangaren kayan aiki tare da Kornevin ko wasu abubuwa na tushen tushen.
- Chubuki ya dasa a wata kusurwa ta 450, yana barin rassa ɗaya ko biyu a saman saman duniya.
- Itace ciyawa suna zubar da ruwa da yawa. Don hana su daskarewa, an rufe su da saman ko dai kwalabe na filastik ko kwalba na kwalba. Don kewaya iska a cikin kwanar filastik, ana yin ramuka da yawa, kuma an sanya ƙananan sanduna a ƙarƙashin gwangwani don ba da damar iska ta shiga. Daga sama, rufe duniya a kusa da jita-jita tare da kowane agromaterial kuma yayyafa tare da foliage ko bambaro.
Dasa iri a cikin bazara a gida
Idan saboda wasu dalilai ba zai yiwu a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ba a waje ko kuma a cikin ƙasa a cikin ƙasa ba, to za a iya yin nasarar yin nasara a gida. Don wannan, tukwane na fure ko kwantena na shuka sun dace.
Isasa ta shirya daidai da duk ƙa'idodi: An sanya magudanar ruwa ƙasa, yafa masa wani yanki na ƙasa mai dausayi, kashi ɗaya bisa uku wanda ya ƙunshi yashi. An dasa yankan a cikin kwantena a wani gefe, kamar yadda a cikin gidajen rani.
Daga sama, an rufe seedlings tare da kofuna na filastik ko kuma gilashin gilashi. A lokaci-lokaci bar iska ta shiga da ruwa akai-akai. A cikin tsananin sanyi ana tura su zuwa ɗakin da yake ɗumi. Tare da kafa yanayin bazara mai dumi, ana dasa su zuwa gadaje da gadajen fure.
Mista Dachnik ya ba da shawara: yadda za a ci gaba da fure a cikin hunturu kafin dasa shuki a cikin ginshiki, a cikin lambu
Kuna iya ajiye itace ba tare da dasa shuki a ƙasa ba. Idan akwai ginshiki ko cellar wanda yake yawan zafin jiki na + 2 ... +3 ° C da zafi wanda bai wuce 70% ba ana kiyaye shi a cikin hunturu, to, shirye-shiryen harbe zai yi sanyi sosai a can har sai lokacin bazara. An lullube su daga ƙasa tare da shimfidar 3-4 na burlap ko wasu masana'anta na halitta, an shafe shi da ruwa kuma an nannade shi da cellophane. Sau ɗaya a mako, bincika yanayin ɓarnar, lokacin da ya bushe, ana fesa. Da zaran kwanaki masu ɗumi sun zo, ba a bincika kayan don ganin idan tsiron ya bar Tushen ya tafi. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, wannan tabbas zai faru. A wannan yanayin, ana shuka Chubuki a gidansu lokacin bazara ta amfani da fasaha na al'ada.
Dandana lambu sami damar kare matasa wardi ba tare da cellar, kuma ba tare da yanayin greenhouse, dama a gonar.
Don yin wannan, zaɓi wuri a kan tudu don kada a bazara ta cika ambaliyar ba. Sun tono rami har zuwa zurfin cm 30. Tsawonsa ya dogara da yawan chubuk, akwai nisan da ke tsakanin su a cikin maɓallin ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 8 cm, kuma faɗin ya kamata ya zama 5-10 cm ya fi tsayi da tsirrai. Wato, idan akwai katako 10 na 25 cm kowane, to tsawon zai zama 80 cm kuma faɗin 35 cm.
Za'a sanya kololuwar bambaro ko peat a ƙasan maɓuɓɓugan, an cire duk ganye daga ganyen kuma an sanya shi a kan bambaro. Top an rufe shi da kowane agromaterial, yafa masa wani yanki na gona gona da mulched da foliage da spruce rassan. Zai fi kyau a fitar da iyakokin maɓuɓɓugar tare da ɓoye don kada su nemi seedlings a cikin bazara. Da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo, sai a jefa ta saman ciyawa kuma ta yi ƙauri. Wannan yana haifar da karamin mini-cellar na halitta.
A lokacin bazara, ko dai a girka shinkafa ko ciyawar dindindin, an fara shirya su, sannan kawai sai su sami ƙuƙwalwar daga maɓuɓɓugar kuma su dasa su.
