Mirabilis (daga lat. Mirabilis, "mai ban mamaki") alama ce ta kayan fure fure. Wani bangare ne na dangin Niktaginov, furanni 50 na furanni. A cikin daji, ana samun perennials da ke girma a cikin daji a cikin filayen Kudancin Amurka, wani lokacin a arewacin ƙasar.
Bayanin mirabilis
A cikin Rasha, mirabilis ya zama na kowa kamar shekara shekara, tunda ba ya yarda da yanayin zafi ƙasa -5 ° C. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, inda babu sanyi, ana samun perennials.
Wannan tsire-tsire ne na asali, in ba haka ba ana kiranta "kyakkyawa daddare", tare da yawancin furanni masu haske a cikin kamannin gramophone, suna yin fure a cikin duhu. Yana buɗe furannin da yamma, kuma ya rufe tare da haskoki na farkon rana. Danshi mai daɗin cizon yatsa a wannan lokacin yana jan hankalin kwari waɗanda ke taimakawa pollination.
Daidai ko matsi zuwa ƙasa mai tushe, m da Fluffy, girma daga daji har zuwa 80 cm fadin. Tubersan fari kamar ƙarancin yatsun extendan fari suna buɗewa daga tushen tushe na dogon lokaci. A can, tsiron yana adana wadatar abubuwa masu mahimmanci a gareta yayin lokacin fari da yanayin sanyi. Ganyen an haɗe su, daɗaɗɗu, kore mai haske, mara nauyi ko mai laushi. Fuska mai kaifi da bayyanannu akan jijiya hasken wuta yasa yayi kama da zuciya. A saman tushe, inflorescences na siminti na filayen fure 5-6 mai siffar fure tare da diamita har zuwa 3 cm tare da stamens 3-6.
A cikin kaka, mirabilis mai cin gashin kansa ya bayyana tare da zuriya ɗaya, mai wuya, mai santsi ko mashaya, obovate.
An dasa shinge mai tsayi daga nau'in fure mai tsayi, wanda yayi kama da kyau da haske.
Mirabilis: iri da iri
Nau'in 50 na kyakkyawa na dare, pollinating, kowace shekara suna samar da sabbin iri kuma ƙirƙirar launuka daban-daban. Akwai nau'ikan da furanni masu hade da fure akan wannan daji. Mafi kyawun lambun da tsire-tsire na cikin gida, yan koyo sun haɗu cikin rukuni bisa ga halaye masu zuwa.
| Take | Tsinkaya cm | Launin fure | Siffofin haɓaka, fure |
| Elvira | 100 | Violet, tabarau lilac. | Kayan ganye mai kauri |
| Red lollipop | Ja mai haske. | Yawancin furanni tare da diamita na 3-6 cm. | |
| Macijin | 80 | Scarlet. | Furen fure mai fure mai kamshi. |
| Yalapa | 30-80 | Fari, rawaya, ruwan hoda, ja. | An rufe rhizome na ado tare da Sikeli na azurfa, galibi ana iya ganin saman saman. |
| Iolanthe | 50 | Ruwan hoda mai zafi. | Haske mai haske a kan farantin dutsen. |
| Marmara | 80 | Farar fata. | Shekarar shekara, kyawawan zane biyu-biyu na toho. |
| Serenade | 50-90 | Cakuda launuka. | Manyan furanni har zuwa 6 cm. |
Hanyar kiwo mirabilis
Lambu suna la'akari da hanyar iri kamar fifiko a cikin yaduwar mirabilis. A wannan yanayin, ana tattara zuriyar bayan bushewar fure a cikin shuka mai girma. Commonarancin na yau da kullun, mai aiki mai ƙarfin gaske, amma amintacce zai kasance hanyoyin haɓaka kyawawan daddare daga ƙwayau da ƙwaya.
Shuka tsaba
Ana iya dasa tsaba a Mirabilis a cikin nau'i na seedlings, ko kuma nan da nan a gonar. A cikin yanayin farko, fure zai kasance da wuri, kuma flowerbed zaiyi kyau sosai. Don shuka tsaba da shirya seedlings, wajibi ne don shirya kwalaye tare da ƙasa. Don kula da yanayin zafi da yawan zafin jiki akai akai, kuna buƙatar greenhouse ko wuri mai dacewa a cikin ɗakin.
A farkon bazara, ana saka tsaba a cikin zane mai bushe a cikin awoyi da yawa ko kuma a sanya shi cikin thermos da ruwa kadan ya fi ƙarfin zafin jiki ɗakin dare ɗaya. Don dasa zuriyar da aka shirya a cikin ƙasa, an yi ramuka 2 cm zurfi, an jefa guda 1-2, an yayyafa shi kuma an shayar da shi sosai. Bayan mako daya zuwa biyu, 'ya'yan fari na farko zasu iya bayyana. Har ila yau ana iya sake dasa ganyen har zuwa 15 cm a cikin wasu kwantena masu sarari da kuma zuba tare da cakuda da kayan miya mai tsami.
Kuna iya shuka shuki da aka shuka ko dasa shuki a kan wani fili na fili yayin da aka tsayar da zazzabi a sama da sifiri akan titi. Don samar da wata siririn shinge, a cikin mako biyu ya zama dole don bakin ciki fitar da fure fure mai tushe.
Tuber yaduwa
Ana siyar da kwalliyar kyau na dare a cikin dukkanin kantin kayan lambu, amma, kuna da damar lura da yanayin ajiya, zaku iya amfani da waɗanda suke girma a zahiri. A wannan yanayin, akwai babban yiwuwar bushewa ko tsiro na tubers da kuma rashin dacewa don dasa.
A lokacin bazara, ana fitar da tsiran germinating a cikin busasshiyar wuri, inda rana ke fesawa da ruwa mai ɗumi. Bayan kwanaki 7-10, harbe na farko ya bayyana. Ya raunana sprouts tsunkule domin stalk tasowa daga mafi karfi su. Dasa a kan gadon filawa, yana magance dunƙulewar ƙasa, don kada a lalata tushen. Tushen tushe yana mulched da ash.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Saboda rikitarwa, hanyar yankan ba karamin amfani da masoya na ƙaunar dare yayi. Tsarin lignified mai ƙarfi ana yanke daga shuka, ya bushe kuma an sanya shi na ɗan lokaci a cikin mafita don germination. An yanka yankan a cikin akwatunan seedling tare da kayan abinci mai gina jiki, sau da yawa ana shayar da kuma kula da zafi. Yankakken harbe an dasa shi zuwa furen fure a bazara.
Kula da mirabilis a cikin lambu
Mirabilis ne unpretentious kuma ya rasa daidaitattun hanyoyin gonar don kula da tsirrai. Wajibi ne a saki duniya, lokaci-lokaci, tsabtace tushen filin daga ciyawa, da ruwa na yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin tushen. Don guji bushewa ko rashin yiwuwar bushewa sau da yawa, zaku iya yin haka: kusa da shuka, tono kwalban filastik mai ruwa biyar tare da ramuka a ƙasan kusa da shuka kuma cika shi da ruwa. Saboda haka, danshi a tushen shuka zai daɗe na dogon lokaci.
Don ciyawar fure a lokacin tsiro, ana amfani da takin ma'adinai kamar sau biyu. Kodayake ba a buƙatar takin zamani don wannan fure ba, amma abubuwan da aka ƙara don abubuwan daji ba su da lahani.
Dankin yana ƙaunar iska, hasken rana da ƙasa mai ruwan acidic. Don keɓe ƙasa, ana amfani da lemun tsami ko garin dolomite.
Haɗuwa wata hanya ce da ake so don kyakkyawar maraice don yalwata tushen da iskar oxygen da ciyawar fure.
Mirabilis hunturu
Adana tubers da dasa shuki a bazara mai zuwa aiki ne na ma'aikacin lambu, wanda ake amfani dashi don yin girma mirabilis akan rukunin sa. An haƙa su lokacin da fure ya ƙare kafin sanyi, an wanke shi da maganin manganese kuma a adana shi a zazzabi na +5 ° C a cikin yashi, peat ko sawdust.
A yankuna tare da yanayin dumama, ana yanka tsire-tsire kusan a tushe a kaka, an rufe shi da tsiro ko ganye kuma an bar shi zuwa hunturu kamar wannan.
Karin kwari da cututtuka na mirabilis
Da wuya, kyawun daren yayi rashin lafiya. Sai kawai idan akwai rashin kulawa da kyau, wato wuce haddi na ruwa, yi tushen mirabilis rot, ganyayyaki sun zama sun cika bakin mugu kuma tsire-tsire sun mutu. Wannan ciyawar an haƙa shi, an kuma shayar da ƙasa da sinadarin kashe-kashe don hana kamuwa da cututtukan fungal.
Kulawar gida don mirabilis
A cikin yanayin dakin, shuka iri yana da girma sosai har ma bayan shekaru 3 na ajiya kuma ya sa ya yiwu a adana iri-iri da kuke so.
Don haɓaka mirabilis a gida, kuna buƙatar waɗannan masu biyowa:
- tsaba soaked na sa'o'i 24 a cikin m nama;
- dan kadan acidic ƙasa, turf da yashi ko babban tsakuwa a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2;
- dintsi na ash don magance alkali;
- kwalaye tare da ƙasa ko kofuna waɗanda filastik don tsirarwar tsaba.
- thinning harbe bayan makonni 2.
Zai yuwu ku dasa bishiyoyi masu ƙaramin ganye tare da ganyayyaki masu ƙarfi zuwa cikin tukwane na cikin gida kwana 60-90 bayan tsiro. Arin kulawa da nau'in mirabilis na cikin gida yana kama da na lambu na yau da kullun.
Mista mazaunin bazara ya ba da sanarwar: mirabilis tare da wasu tsirrai
Yin amfani da mirabilis a cikin shimfidar wuri, la'akari da tsayin daji. Ana shuka tsire-tsire masu ƙarami cikin rukuni don yin ado kan iyakoki da lawns. A irin waɗannan halayen, suna ƙara rukuni na karrarawa, anemones da marigolds waɗanda aka haɗu a cikin zane da launi.
Wannan tsire-tsire m ne zuwa ga ƙananan dangi da raunana kuma yana iya lalata su cikin sauƙi. Sabili da haka, an zaɓi wurin sarari don daji. Maƙwabta masu kyau za su zama lavender, lobularia da taba mai ƙanshi.
Kyakkyawar daren tare da furanni masu haske mai dumbin yawa zasu iya yin ado a farfajiya ko loggia, har ma an dasa aya ɗaya a cikin tukunya daban.
Hedgerows daga mirabilis suna kama da asali da kuma banbantawa, musamman a wuraren da hasken dare ya isa wurin.
Saboda ƙanshin sa mai yaji, furanni sun sami aikace-aikace a ƙanshin turare da kayan kwalliya. Ana yin dyes na zahiri daga fure mai haske.
Kyakkyawar ƙarancin dare mai ban sha'awa yana faranta wa masoya fure tare da kyan gani da ƙanshinta mai ƙoshin gaske, da tilasta sake dasa shi kowace shekara.
