Yawancinmu muna son ciyar da pigeons ko wasu tsuntsaye. Amma kuna san abin da sakamakon zai iya jiran ku? Yanzu za muyi magana game da cututtuka da yawa na pigeons da aka aika zuwa ga mutane.
Cututtuka na pigeons: ganewar asali, magani da rigakafin, hatsari ga mutane
A gaskiya, akwai adadi mai yawa na cututtuka daban-daban, da yawa daga cikinsu zasu iya ci gaba a jikin mutum.
Ornithosis
Ornithosis da ake kira babban cututtuka, wanda babban tushe shi ne tsuntsaye da na gida. A mafi yawan lokuta, cutar tana nuna kansa a lokacin sanyi.
Yawancin lokaci ornithosis yana faruwa a pigeons.. Bugu da ƙari, wannan cuta ne sau da yawa amsa ga tambayar dalilin da ya sa kurciya kurciya mutu. A ranar farko ta cutar, matasa matasa sun fuskanci bayyanar cututtuka irin su takaicin numfashi da zawo, wanda ya ci gaba a tsawon lokaci kuma zai iya haifar da mutuwar kajin (yawanci yana da shekaru 24).
Idan ka lura irin wadannan alamun konithosis a cikin pigeons, to wannan shine babban dalilin damu. Mararrun yara masu ciwo suna girma cikin talauci, suna fama da talauci kuma suna cin abinci mara kyau. A cikin tsuntsaye masu girma, cutar za ta iya bayyana a matsayin rashin ƙarfi, numfashi, da kuma raguwa. Har ila yau, sukan lura da juna, tare da haɗarsu.
Ba za ku iya tunanin dalilin da yasa kuda yake rawar jiki ba, amma da zarar tsuntsu ya fara haushi kuma yana girgiza kansa, kuna so ya kawar da jikinku, ya kamata kuyi tunanin yiwuwar wannan cuta. Bayan 'yan kwanaki ba tare da kulawa da kyau ba, kullun yana raguwa kuma zai halaka.
Shin kuna sani? A karo na farko, wannan cuta ya bayyana ta T. Jürgensen, yana kira shi "SARS". Ya faru a 1879. A lokaci guda, D. Ritter ya kafa dangantaka da cututtuka na parrots.
Ma'aikatan da suka fi dacewa wajen maganin konithosis su ne azithromycin kuma erythromycinan tsara su a cikin asibitoci marasa lafiya. Haka ma yana yiwuwa don amfani antiriotic antibiotic.
Tsawancin lokacin ya dogara ne akan sakamako na asibiti, kuma a matsayin hanyar kula da cututtukan cututtuka, maganin detoxification yana yin amfani da bronchodilators, bitamin, oxygen.
A lokacin da ake zubar da kiwon kaji, ƙayyade yawan adadin mutane da yin iyakancewa tare da su ba a cire su ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku manta game da kiyaye ka'idodin dabbobi da tsabtatawa a lokacin da suke sayo kaji daga wasu ƙasashe, kiyaye su a wuraren gona da kiwo.
Yawancin tsuntsaye masu fama da cututtuka sukan lalace kuma ana dakatar da dakuna. Dole ne a ba da ma'aikata tare da tufafi masu karewa da kuma cututtuka.
Amma ga mutane, marasa lafiya za a iya asibiti don alamun asibiti da kuma annobar cutar, kuma ga mutanen da ke fuskantar kamuwa da cuta, ana iya tabbatar da lura da lafiyar har zuwa kwanaki 30.
Ana aiwatar da prophylaxis na gaggawa na kwanaki 10, ta yin amfani da doxycycline da tetracycline.
Rashin kamuwa da mutane tare da ornithosis yakan faru ne ta hanyar shayar da turɓaya, ƙwayoyin busasshen ƙwayoyi da fitarwa daga tsuntsaye. Yayin da cutar ta kamu daga 1 zuwa 3 makonni, kuma kamuwa da kanta zai iya zama mai tsanani ko na kullum.
Dukkan yana farawa tare da karuwa a cikin zafin jiki, zafi, ƙarawa mai zafi, ciwon kai, ciwo a cikin tsokoki da haɗin gwiwa. Mai rashin lafiyar yana iya kokawa ga rauni, damuwa da barci, ciwon makogwaro, da maƙarƙashiya. A wasu lokuta, tashin zuciya da zawo na iya faruwa.
A kan jarrabawar, ana samuwa wani conjunctivitis a cikin marasa lafiya, kuma a cikin makon farko na cutar an kafa ciwon sikila. Zuciyar zuciya tana ƙaranci, akwai nau'i na bradycardia da ƙananan jini. Rashin damuwa, rashin tausayi, haushi, rashin tausayi, ko haɓakawa na iya ci gaba.
Alamar farko na lalacewar huhu shine tari (ya bayyana a kwanakin 3-4 na rashin lafiya).
Mafi sau da yawa, kamuwa da cuta yana shafar kwakwalwa, yalwata, hanta, da kuma myocardium. Idan yanayin pathogenic yanayin da yake cikin haɓaka cutar, mai yiwuwa ne mai ciwo mai yawa ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.
Trichomoniasis
Trichomoniasis wata cuta ce mai tartsatsi da na gida. An haifar da kwayar halitta mai suna "trichomonas". Sakamakon halayen wannan pathogen shine ikon rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai sha, amma yin bushewa da ruwa yana haifar da mummunan mutuwa na microorganisms masu cutarwa.
Akwai siffofin da yawa trichomoniasis, amma sau da yawa cutar ta bayyanar da launi na pharynx, baki da kuma esophagus tsuntsaye. Kwayoyin da aka cutar sun zama gyarawa, suna zaune a cikin gida tare da fuka-fuki a ƙasa da bude baki.
Saboda kutsawar ƙofar zuwa larynx, ya zama da wuya a numfashi, kuma ƙananan samfurin rawaya a kan ƙwayar mucous na bakin murya (abin da ake kira "furanni mai launin fata") yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi. A wasu lokuta, ana iya lura da irin wannan girma ta rawaya ta hanyar bude baki ta tsuntsu.
Bayan 'yan kwanaki daga baya, saboda yaduwar launin rawaya, damuwa yana faruwa, kuma pigeons mutu. Daga cikin sauran alamomin alamomin trichomoniasis, raunana, haɗin jingina da rashin iya yin tafiya ya kamata a lura.
Idan an tabbatar da zatonku, kuma ya nuna cewa pigeons suna da lafiya sosai tare da trichomoniasis, dole ne ku fara yin magani, nan da nan wanda ke amfani da magungunan zamani.
Ɗaya daga cikinsu shi ne "Trichopol", wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin nau'i-nau'i a kan wuri na cire girma a cikin rami na baki, ta hanyar tausa abinda ke cikin goiter. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya shuka maganin tare da pipet, ba kawai a cikin baki ba, amma a cikin goiter.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a gwada ƙoƙari don kauce wa ƙin ruwa a cikin huhu.
A matsayin ma'auni m, an bada shawarar ƙara "Trichopol" (Metronidazole) zuwa ruwan sha. Zaka kuma iya amfani da "Iodoglycerin" da kuma Lugol bayani.
Sau da yawa, kamuwa da mutane tare da trichomoniasis yakan faru ne ta hanyar sadarwar jima'i., kodayake yanayin ba da jimawa ba shi da kowa. Musamman, wannan cuta za a iya danganta ga ƙungiyar cututtuka da aka aika zuwa ga mutane daga pigeons. Idan kamuwa da cutar ya sami lambar sadarwa tare da kai ko kayanka, to, akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta.
Trichomonas na iya kasancewa a cikin yanayi mai laushi har tsawon sa'o'i, kasancewa a kan jita-jita, ganuwar dakunan wanka ko a wurin gidan bayan gida.
A cikin namiji, cutar yafi faruwa ba tare da alamun ba, amma zai iya haifar da rashin haihuwa, cututtuka ko na kullum prostatitis.
Ana tilasta mata masu ciwo da su yaki da kumburi na kullum, wanda wani lokaci sukan haifar da rashin haihuwa ko kuma ciwon ciwon sankarar mahaifa.
Campylobacteriosis
Campylobacteriosis ya kasance cikin rukuni na cututtuka na dabbobi da mutane, wanda ke nuna nau'o'in nau'i na nau'i na tsanani da kuma polymorphism na bayyanar. Maganin mai cutar da cutar shine kwayoyin kwayoyin cutar Campylobacter, wanda ke bazata jikin jikin pigeons.
Shin kuna sani? A karo na farko wadannan kwayoyin halitta an gano su a cikin mutane da ciwo a 1884.
Akwai nau'in jinsin wadannan kwayoyin da suka dace da nau'o'in dabbobi daban-daban. Duk da haka, ba dukansu bane ne.
A cikin tsuntsaye (musamman ma a cikin pigeons), cutar na iya haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka na numfashi na ruhu, synovitis (kumburi da halayen, wanda yakan haifar da claudication), pericarditis (ƙonewa da pericardium) da salpingitis (kumburi na ovary).
Duk da haka Mafi sau da yawa campylobacteriosis ba ya bayyana kantakuma kurciya suna ganin lafiya. A cikin mutane, campylobacteriosis yana nuna kanta a cikin irin zafin jiki, wanda sau da yawa yana taimakawa da zazzabi, dysentery, fatsari mai launin fata da kuma mucous membranes.
A lura da cutar, an yi amfani da jami'o'in rehydrating, probiotics, shirye-shirye na enzyme, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani - maganin rigakafi.
A mafi yawancin lokuta, yin amfani da maganin cututtuka ya isa, amma a lokuta masu tsanani na cutar, maganin da tetracycline da chloramphenicol na iya zama dole.
Idan an gano cutar a cikin tattabara ko wasu kaji, to, abincin su fara ƙara furazolidone ko ba ruwa mai narkewa nifurprazin tare da sha.
Lafiya lafiya, da farko kallo, tsuntsaye, tare da feces, secrete wani adadin campylobacter. Ga mutum, ana haifar da cutar ta hanyar watsar da sharan gona a cikin bakin, mai yiwuwa ta hanyar shan ruwa mai gurɓata ko abinci.
Lokacin shiryawa yana da kwanaki 12-72. Da zarar a cikin jikin mutum, kwayoyin suna haifar da cututtuka masu yawa a cikin ɓangaren gastrointestinal.
Saboda haka, marasa lafiya suna nuna ciwo na ciki, tashin zuciya, da kuma zubar da jini a cikin ɗan lokaci kaɗan. Rashin wutar lantarki yana ɓoye da ƙanshi mara kyau da jini.
Bugu da ƙari, akwai karuwa a yanayin jiki kuma yana kara yawan yanayin jiki. Wadannan bayyanar cututtukan karshe basu wuce kwana uku ba. Bugu da kari, akwai ciwo a cikin tsokoki da haɗin gwiwa.
A wasu mutane, cutar ta ci gaba da ciwo, kuma bayyanar cututtuka a irin waɗannan lokuta ba a furta haka ba: wani lokacin zafi a cikin ciki da damuwa na tashin hankali, wanda aka kwantar da shi ta hanyar kwance. Bayan lokaci, mutum ya fara rasa nauyi, ya zama mai rauni kuma yana ƙaruwa gajiya.
Wani lokaci shafuka za su iya ciwo kuma su zama ƙura. Mata sukan damu da kullun a cikin al'amuran da ba a san su ba. Idan ka fara cutar, kamuwa da cuta zai haifar da wani ƙuriji akan hanta da kuma pancreas.
Shin kuna sani? Pigeons kamar yadda kiwon kaji ya fara haifar ko da shekaru 5,000 da suka wuce. Tunanin cewa wadannan tsuntsaye zasu iya tashi a madaidaicin kilomita 100 / h, a cikin tsohuwar kwanakin da aka yi amfani dashi azaman ma'aikata.
Listeriosis
Listeriosis - zoonotic cututtuka tare da tsarin polymorphic na asibiti. Wannan cututtuka ta haifar da kwayar Listeria monocytogenes, wanda yake shi ne wayar hannu, mai tsalle-zaɓi na anaerobic. Ba ya haifar da ciwo kuma zai iya rinjaye kwayoyin jikinsu, ya haifar da kambura da kuma taimakawa kamuwa da cuta.
Domin irin wannan cuta yana nuna tsawon lokaci na hanya, ba tare da alamun asibiti ba a iya samuwa. Sakamakon bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana kansu kawai a cikin raunana pigeons, wanda cutar ta haifar da rikitarwa: akwai rikice-rikice a cikin tsarin tsakiya na tsakiya, kuma tsuntsaye ya mutu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don yin cikakken ganewar asali ga mutum, yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da bincike na kwayoyin jini, ƙwaƙwalwa daga hanci da pharynx, ruwan sanyi, ƙwayar jaririn ko jaririyar amniotic cikin mata masu juna biyu.
Jiyya na pigeons don listeriosis ba shi da kyau; saboda haka, yawancin tsuntsaye marasa lafiya suna lalacewa ko kuma sune a cikin asibitin dabbobi. Game da rigakafin, ya zo ne don iyakancewa da irin tsuntsaye da tsuntsaye tare da kaji (wasu dovecotes a kewaye da shafin).
Har ila yau, yana da muhimmanci a bi ka'idodin dabbobi da tsabta-sanitary-hygienic, musamman a wurare masu yawa da kuma wurare masu dangantaka da dabba na dabba (a cikin yanayin pigeons, wajibi ne a yi amfani da gidajen kurkuku a lokaci-lokaci).
Mutumin da ke da lakaran kwayoyi an tsara shi da tetracycline, penicillin ko ampicillin rukuni na maganin rigakafi, kuma kawai likita zai iya ƙayyade samfurin da ake buƙata kuma tsawon lokacin magani. Bugu da ƙari, mai haƙuri ya ware daga wasu kuma ya kwanta barci.
Idan listeriosis ya haifar da rikitarwa a cikin nau'i na maningitis, gishiri na sodium benzylpenicillin zai iya taimakawa tare da nau'in U / kg na 75-100, wanda ake gudanarwa a cikin kowane hudu.
An aiwatar da farfadowa ta jiki kamar yadda ka'idodin da aka yarda da su. Alal misali, a cikin siffar ido-glandular, an yi amfani da maganin sulfacyl na sodium 20% da kuma 1% hydrocortisone emulsion.
Don dalilai na prophylactic, sun yi nazari akan mummunan dabbobin dabbobi da mutane, gano kungiyoyi na yawan haɗari da kuma abubuwan da zasu iya taimakawa wajen yaduwar kamuwa da cuta, a rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma yanayin asibiti.
Listeriosis, kamar sauran cututtuka na pigeons, ana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa ga mutane tare da gamsai da tsuntsayen tsuntsaye, wato, ta hanyoyi masu fadi, na iska ko hanyoyin sadarwa.
Abin sha'awa, kwayoyin na da dogon lokaci na iya adana ƙarancin jiki a cikin ƙoshin lafiya, kuma a cikin ƙananan fuka ko gashin fuka-fukan. Duk da haka, ba kullum lokacin da Listeria ya shiga jikin mutum wanda ke haifar da cutar.
A cikin mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka, listeriosis yana faruwa ne bisa ga irin rashin lafiyar jiki, kuma a cikin ƙananan yanayin jiki zafin jiki ya tashi. Alamun cututtukan cututtuka sun bayyana kansu a hanyoyi daban-daban: a wasu lokuta, raguwa kawai ya bayyana, a wasu, ƙwayoyin lymph na karuwa kuma ciwon makogwaro yana tasowa.
A wasu lokuta masu wuya, Listeria zai iya shafar tsarin da ke cikin tsakiya, yana haifar da meningitis da ciwon ƙwayar cuta. A mafi yawancin lokuta, cutar ta auku ne a wani nau'i wanda aka share, tare da saurin zazzabi da kuma tashin hankali. Idan mata masu juna biyu sun kamu da cutar Listeria, za'a kamo kamuwa da cutar zuwa ga yaro.
Tularemia
Tularemia - Wannan wani cututtuka mai hatsari wanda za'a iya watsawa ga mutane daga pigeons. Maganin mai cutar da wannan cututtukan kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ce ta kwayar halitta Francisella, wadda ta zama tartsatsi kuma yana da matsayi mai girma a cikin yanayin.
Kaji, da kuma pigeons musamman, sun fi sau da yawa tushen kwayoyin tularemia. A cikin mummunan cututtukan cututtukan, suna iya samun rauni kuma sun ƙi cin abinci.
Babu tsari na musamman akan tularemia a wuraren kiwon kaji har yanzu an ci gaba, don haka masu amfani da tattare zasu iya amfani da kwayoyi masu cutar antibacterial mafi yawan (nitrofuran, maganin rigakafi da sulfonamides).
Game da rigakafi, duk abin da za'a iya yi don hana yaduwar kamuwa da cuta shi ne ware mutane marasa lafiya a lokaci kuma su warkar da gidan kurciya. A cikin mutane, ana cutar da cutar tare da maganin rigakafi, kuma an bayar da shawarar wa anda ke cikin haɗari masu kamuwa da cutar rigakafi kowace shekara 5.
Kusan kowane mutum zai iya zama kamuwa da kwayoyin ta hanyar kai tsaye tare da pigeons marasa lafiya ko ta hanyar gurɓataccen ruwa da abinci. Ya kamata a lura cewa jikinmu yana mai saukin kamuwa ga tularemia, ko da yake ba'a kawo kwayar daga mutum zuwa ga mutum ba.
Kasancewar cutar yana tare da zafin jiki da kuma ciwon sanyi. Har ila yau, marasa lafiya sukan yi korafin rashin rauni, ciwon zuciya, ciwon kai da hasara na ci.
A farkon matakai na ci gaba da cutar, fuskar ta zama ja da kumbura, mummunan ya bayyana akan fata da mucous membranes na baki, kuma ciwon ciki a cikin ciki yakan haifar da ciwo. A cikin mutane, tularemia na iya faruwa a cikin nau'i na huhu, tare da tari mai bushe, zafi mai zafi da kuma kirji. Akwai lokuta masu yawa na ciwon ƙwayar cuta.
Shin kuna sani? Tun daga shekarar 1996, doka ta kasance a cikin Munich da ke hana 'yan ƙasa daga ciyar da pigeons. Domin irin wannan laifi a Hongkong, za ku fuskanci kullun ko ma fitar da ku daga ɗakin.
Pseudotuberculosis
Pseudotuberculosis (ko kuma, kamar yadda ake kira, "tarin fuka" ne) - Wannan mummunar cuta ne na dabbobi da tsuntsaye, wanda, sabili da sauye-sauyen halitta, yana kama da tarin fukacin mutum kuma ana nuna shi da bayyanar da tsarin jiki a cikin kwayoyin da kwayoyin cutar. Pathogens zai iya haifar da nau'o'in bayyanar cututtuka.
Wannan cututtuka ta faru ne ta hanyar daukan hotuna zuwa pseudotuberculosis, wanda ke faruwa a cikin tsuntsaye da namun tsuntsaye. A mafi yawancin lokuta, wannan cututtuka ta auku ne a kan tushen wasu cututtuka na tsuntsaye: alal misali, cututtuka na hanji na kullum.
Alamun alamun pseudotuberculosis sune: tsuntsaye masu tawayar, rufin da aka lalata, wahalar numfashi, matsanancin matsayi, rikicewar ayyuka na ciki. Sakamakon ganewar ƙarshe zai iya zama ne kawai idan akwai sakamakon binciken binciken bacteriological dake tabbatar da gaskiyar cutar.
Babu shakka, amma duk wani magani na musamman don pseudotuberculosis a cikin pigeons ba kawai. A mafi yawancin lokuta, ana amfani da maganin rigakafin maganin baka, amma tsuntsaye marasa lafiya suna mutuwa sau da yawa, saboda hanzarin hanzarin ciwon jiki.
Yin jiyya ga mutanen da aka kamu da cutar ne a cikin lokuta na raunuka na ƙwayar lymph na waje kuma an rage su zuwa cire su. Idan akwai ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyi, an bada shawara don buɗe su kuma cire cirewa. A cikin shari'ar da ba a kula da shi ba, yana da wuya a warkar da cutar, kuma wani lokacin yana da wuya.
Чтобы предупредить появление и распространение болезни, необходимо проводить тщательную и регулярную дезинфекцию голубятни, а также своевременно истреблять грызунов. Кроме того, при малейших подозрениях на псевдотуберкулез, не реже, чем два раза в месяц необходимо проводить клинический осмотр птицы.
Idan akwai shakku game da lafiyar mutane, dole ne a rarrabe su kuma ya kamata a gudanar da nazarin bacteriological.
Pseudotuberculosis na pigeons an aika zuwa ga mutane - wannan gaskiya ne. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ruwa da kayan sarrafawa, kayan kiwo da kayan lambu, da ma wadanda aka ajiye a firiji.
Kamuwa da cuta daga wani mutum yana da wuya, saboda haka marasa lafiya ba su buƙatar rabu da su. Rashin ci gaba da cutar yana da sauri sosai, kuma farkon bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana a rana ta biyu ko rana ta uku bayan mutumin ya ci abinci gurbatacce.
Marasa lafiya sukan koka kan ciwon makogwaro, ciwo, rauni da zazzabi har zuwa 38-40 °. Sau da yawa akwai rash, wanda ya fi dacewa da zafin zazzaɓi kuma yana da yawa a kusa da gidajen.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin mutanen da ke da rashin daidaituwa, ana aiwatar da tsari ne, kuma mutuwa ta yiwu.
Sakamakon haka, pseudotuberculosis ba shi da wata alamar bayyanarta da kuma kama da sauran cututtukan cututtuka: maganin cututtuka na hoto ko ciwon haya mai ƙwayar cuta, ko zazzaɓi na zazzaɓi ko ARVI.
Cryptococcosis
Cryptococcosis wani cututtukan cututtuka ne da ke haifar da muhimmancin aikin yisti fungi Cryptococcus neoformans. Kasashen da suka fi son su shine ƙasa da aka zubar da tsuntsaye. Yana da sauki a kama kamuwa da cutar daga nige.
Ana nuna alamar cututtuka na cryptococcosis a cikin pigeons ta hanyar rage yawan ci (a cikin 1 zuwa 2 makonni) da kuma wahala a hadiye abinci. A lokuta masu tsanani na cututtuka a cikin marasa lafiya, gashin tsuntsaye a kan kai da ƙarƙashin sandan gwiwar tare da launin launin ruwan kasa-launin toka, wanda wani lokaci yana da wahala ga tsuntsaye ya bude baki.
Bugu da ƙari, yana rufe girman hazelnut ya bayyana a cikin yankin na haɗin gwiwa. Mucous membrane daga cikin rami na bakin ciki ya kumbura kuma yana dauke da mucous-cuku-kamar taro. Cibiyar wannan taro tana da ƙananan ƙira kuma yana kunshe da kyallen da suka mutu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rashin wuya yana haɗuwa bayan bayan 'yan makonni zai iya haifar da cikakken abincin abinci, saboda abin da kullun ya raunana sosai.
Haka kuma cutar ta kasance tare da ciwon ciki da kuma raguwa da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, kuma a matakan cigaba da cutar, tsarin ƙwayar cuta yana wucewa ga esophagus.
Tsarin magunguna na musamman don cryptococcosis a pigeons bai wanzu ba. Kamar dai yadda tarihin tarihi yake, ana kula da tsuntsaye da maganin antimycotic.
Har ila yau, babu abin da za a iya cewa game da matakan tsaro. Duk abin da zaka iya yi shi ne rabuwa da pigeons da cututtuka da kuma disinfect da dovecote.
An narkar da naman gwari ga mutane ta hanyar respiratory tract, kuma a cikin 30% na lokuta cutar ta zo ba tare da wani bayyanar cututtuka. Duk da haka, a cikin sauran 70% akwai zazzaɓi, tari da hemoptysis.
Cryptococcosis fara tare da kwayoyin cutar bayyanar cututtuka, amma idan ba ku fara magani a dacewa ba, zai iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa (meningitis, meningoencephalitis).
A cikin irin wannan cuta, mutum yana da tari tare da jinin jini, ciwo na kwakwalwa, ciwon zafin jiki da sauransu.
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis - siffar cututtuka na kowane irin dabba, tsuntsaye har ma da mutane. An lalacewa ta hanyar tasirin jiki na sakonni, wanda ba shi da ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda yana da tsarin jiki mai rikitarwa.
A karkashin rinjayar hasken rana, Toxoplasma da sauri ya mutu. Har ila yau, suna da alamun da kuma cututtukan cututtuka wadanda zasu taimaka wajen magance cutar a cikin minti 5-10 bayan amfani.
Shin kuna sani? A karo na farko Toxoplasma aka gano a 1908. Ya faru ne a Arewacin Afirka lokacin da masana kimiyya suka binciki marasa lafiya Gondi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka halicci halitta ba tare da an sami sunan "Toxoplasma Gondi" ba.
Ana fama da annobar cutar toxoplasmosis a cikin pigeons a kasashe daban daban kuma an tabbatar da su ta hanyar binciken fiye da ɗaya. Yaya yadda tsuntsu ya kamu da cutar a cikin yanayin yanayi bai riga ya ƙayyade ba, amma ya bayyana a fili cewa babban hanyar watsa cutar zuwa pigeons shine amfani da su da abincin da aka gurbata.
Toxoplasmosis a cikin pigeons yana tare da motsa jiki motsa jiki, wani shaky gait da ƙi abinci. Har ila yau, ba a cire alamar ɓarna ba. Kimanin kashi 60 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya sun mutu, kuma a cikin sauran, cutar ta ci gaba. Wadannan tsuntsaye suna watsar da kwayoyin halitta a lokaci-lokaci tare da lalata, wanda yakan shafe mutane.
An riga an ci gaba da kula da pigeons don maganin toxoplasmosis, kuma rigakafi ta dogara ne akan tsaftacewar cututtuka da kuma lalata kwayoyin cuta, wadanda ke dauke da cutar.
Lokacin da an sanya shi cikin jikin mutum, Toxoplasma yana hawa ta hanyar jini da hanyoyi na lymphatic cikin jiki, tsayawa a cikin wasu kwayoyin halitta da kyallen takalma.
Bayan ya kai ga sel, wakili mai laushi ya sami wasu sharuɗɗa masu kyau don ƙara haifuwa, kuma sakamakon sakamakonsa mai mahimmanci, wani tsari na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin asali ya bayyana (sakamakon mutuwar kwayar halitta, ƙwayar jiki necrosis da ƙwayar jijiyoyin jini).
Idan kare rayukan jikin mutum yana cikin babban matakin, haifuwa daga kwayoyin cutar ba tare da yaduwa bane, da kuma ci gaba da lalata kwayar halitta ba ta faruwa (tsarin cutar ya kwanta).
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yawancin wadanda ke fama da wannan cuta na faruwa ne a cikin siffofi na yau da kullum ko kuma na al'ada, kuma a mafi yawan lokuta suna da matukar damuwa.
Irin mummunan irin cutar da aka samu (har ila yau mutum zai iya haifar da rigakafi) yana da wuya (kawai a cikin 0.2-0.3% na marasa lafiya). Sanarwar ta ɗakuna ta bambanta da yawa, wanda ya sa ya zama da wuya a rarraba bayyanar cututtuka na kowane hali na toxoplasmosis a cikin mutane.
Bayyana cututtuka sun danganta ne akan rigakafin marasa lafiya, da kwayar cutar, da wasu dalilai. A wasu lokuta, ƙananan ƙwayar jiki, ciwon kai, dizziness da rauni.
Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis - cuta mara lafiya na pigeons, wanda kwanan nan ya faru sau da yawa. Wani wakili mai motsi shine bacillus wanda zai iya fitowa daga kungiyar Salmonella, wanda ya bambanta da matakin da ya dace na magance cututtuka kuma ya mutu daga gare su.
Salmonella zai iya tsira a cikin ruwa, a kan kwanciya ko cikin litter, kuma a wasu lokuta, an gano pathogen ko da a kan harsashi na qwai (yawancin kaza).
Wannan cututtuka yana yaduwa a duk ƙasashe na duniya, kuma ba kawai a cikin gida ba har ma a tsakanin kwayoyin pigeons (kusan 30-40%). Bugu da ƙari, wannan ne ainihin wannan da ke haifar da asarar tsuntsaye.
An bayyana Salmonellosis a cikin nau'o'in bayyanar cututtuka, ƙayyadaddun abin da ya dogara ne game da yanayin pigeon, yanayin tsuntsaye da ƙwayar cuta. Kwayar cuta na iya faruwa a cikin siffofin latent da mai tsanani.
A cikin akwati na farko, pigeons suna da lafiya sosai ko suna da ƙananan alamun cutar, yayin da suke ci gaba da zama mawuyacin kamuwa da cuta. A cikin tsofaffi, bazawar kwai, mutuwar amfrayo da kuma yawan ƙwayar haihuwa. A ƙaramin pigeons, mafi m cutar.
A cikin salmonellosis mai tsanani (mafi shahara a cikin tsuntsaye raunana), kajin suna ƙin cin abinci kuma suna mutuwa a lokacin shekaru 8-14. Matasan pigeons suna da damuwa, sun rasa ikon yin tashi, suna sha da yawa suna ci kadan. Bugu da kari, suna da gashin fuka-fukan da ke kangewa kuma sau da yawa suna tasowa na ciki. Duk wannan yana ƙare da mutuwar tsuntsaye a lokacin shekaru 50-70.
Har ila yau, ka bambanta irin wannan cututtukan da ke ciki, da magunguna da kuma jin tsoro. A cikin bambancin na hanji, ana ganin cutar zazzaɓi, dauke da ƙulla da jini a cikin ɗakin, wanda sakamakonsa ne gashin tsuntsaye na tsuntsu suna da gurbatawa sosai.
Hakan ya nuna nauyin da ake ciki da kuma rawar jiki daga tsauri. A farkon matakai na ci gaba da cutar, musculation daga fuka-fuki yana da tsada, amma nan da nan zubar da ciki ya ɓace, kuma a karkashin fata, a yankunan gidajen, kananan nodules sun bayyana. A sakamakon haka, pigeon ba zai iya motsawa da tashi ba.
An nuna nau'in salmonellosis mai juyayi a cikin wata ƙasa mai tayar da hankali, wanda, ko da yake kasa da na kowa, zai iya zama mummunan rauni. A farkon matakai na ci gaba da cutar, cututtukan ciwon jijiya sun bayyana, amma a tsawon lokaci kullun ya fāɗi a baya kuma ya mutu.
Bayan tabbatar da ganewar asali, za ka iya ci gaba da lura da salmonellosis a pigeons. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da magunguna na zamani a cikin asibitocin da masu sana'a suka bada shawarar.
Matasa da yawa (kajin) sukan fi dacewa da chloramphenicol, enroflon, ampicillin, baytril, da sauran kwayoyi masu kama da juna. Duk da haka, maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi kawai bai isa ba, kuma dole ne kuyi dukkan matakan da za su taimaka wajen hana yaduwar cutar.
Rigakafin salmonellosis ya hada da ayyuka da nufin inganta yanayin abinci da yanayin kiwon kaji, ɗauke da kayan aikin dabbobi da kuma tsabtace jiki da kuma maganin alurar riga kafi na pigeons.
Salmonella kamuwa da cutar, wanda za a iya watsawa ga mutane ta hanyar kwari da ƙwayoyi, rinjayar da tsarin narkewa.
Sakamakon cutar shine halin bayyanar da ke ciki: yanayin jiki yana tashi, ciwon kai, rashin ciwo, tashin zuciya da zubar da ciki ya bayyana. Salmonellosis kuma yana da hatsarin gaske ga mutane saboda zai iya shafar zuciya, da jini da ɗakunan.
Shin kuna sani? A addinin kiristanci, an dauki kurciya wata alamar Ruhu Mai Tsarki, a cikin Islama an dauke shi a matsayin wahayi na Allah, kuma a Freemasonry wannan alama ce ta rashin laifi.
Cutar Newcastle
Ba da daɗewa ba an yi imani da cewa cutar Newcastle ta shafi kawai ga wakilan kajin kaji. Har zuwa 1970, akwai kananan bayanai game da yiwuwar rashin lafiya na pigeons, musamman tun lokacin da ba a cire wannan cutar ba tare da bugawa ba. A mafi yawancin lokuta, cutar ta ɓacewa kuma ta shafi tsuntsaye kawai.
Duk da haka, bayan epizootic, wanda ya bayyana a shekarun 1970-1972 kuma ya haifar da asarar gaske, pigeons sun fara biya karin hankali ga cututtuka. Kwayar da aka ware daga gare su ta kasance cikin ƙungiyar avian paramyxoviruses serogroup-1.
Bayan kwanaki 4-5 bayan kamuwa da cuta, pigeons sun fara nuna alamun asibiti na cutar. Don cutar ta wannan lokaci, yana da isa sosai don fara aiki a cikin jikin tsuntsu kuma ya fita tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta da droppings.
Alamar cututtuka na cutar Newcastle a cikin pigeons, wanda cutar ta hanyar cutar cyclogenic, ke da nasarorin kansu. A farkon matakai na ci gaba da cutar, kullun ya zama mai laushi, rashin kwakwalwa, rashin kulawa, kuma yana zaune a kowane lokaci a cikin hanya mai tsauri, tare da rufe idanu.
Tsuntsu ya yi mummunan yanayin, kuma bayan wani lokaci ya fara zama ciwon kamuwa da ƙwayoyin jiki, wuyansa da wuyansa.
Wasu masu shayarwa a cikin kullun suna lura da maganganu a cikin ƙananan gidajensu wanda aka lalacewa ta hanyar shigar da haske a cikin gidan kurciya. Harkokin yana da ƙarfi da cewa kudan zuma ya fāɗi a gefensa kuma ya juya kansa kai tsaye. Wani lokaci wannan yana faruwa a lokacin jirgin, sakamakon wannan tsuntsu ya faɗo daga tsawo kuma ya fara motsawa a cikin hanyar daidaitawa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba kamar kaji ba, a cikin pigeons wannan ciwon ya samo asali ne a cikin wani nau'i mai mahimmanci kuma mafi yawancin halin da ake fama da shi a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. Rashin mutuwar pigeons daga cutar Newcastle ya kasance daga 10% zuwa 70% kuma yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 2-9 bayan da alamu na farko suka bayyana.Sakamakon karshe na ci gaba da cutar ita ce cikar kullun.
A farkon bayyanar cutar, wajibi ne a sadar da tsuntsu mara lafiya zuwa asibitin dabbobi, inda likitoci zasu iya gane ainihin ganewa.
Ya kamata a gudanar da irin wannan kullun bisa ga dukan ka'idodin don cire yiwuwar yaduwar cutar (sanya kullun a cikin akwati, idan an sanya shi a cikin takarda mai yawa).
Bayan tabbatar da ganewar asali, wasu shayarwa masu amfani da tattare suna amfani da magungunan da ake amfani da shi don inganta yanayin kumbun (alal misali, bitamin da kuma sannu-sannu), duk da haka, saboda hadarin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, magani bai dace ba.
Yana da mahimmanci a wanke gidaje da kayan kulawa da gaggawa yanzu, kuma maganin sauran tsuntsaye da maganin alurar riga kafi wanda ya ƙunshi cutar ta raunana. Yaran dabbobi kuma an yi alurar riga kafi, maganin alurar rigakafi "B" ko "La Sota" a cikin hanyar hanya.
Yana da mahimmanci don kula da tsabta a cikin gidaje masu pigeon, da kuma cin abinci na pigeons ya kamata a zaba domin la'akari da irin, shekaru da kuma lokacin girbi. Sabobbin mutane suna bukatar a ware su daga babban abun ciki har zuwa kwanaki 30, kuma tsuntsaye za a iya shigo da su kawai daga kasashe inda cutar Newcastle ba ta saba ba.
Dole ne a ƙayyade lambar sadarwa na pigeons gida tare da tsuntsayen daji, wanda zai iya zama tushen kamuwa da cuta. Don hana ƙananan tsuntsaye su tashi zuwa cikin gidan kurciya, wajibi ne don rufe windows da iska tare da grid tare da girman sallar 1.5x1.5 cm.
Kamar yadda kake gani, duk matakan da aka hana su ne akan maganin alurar riga kafi. Dukkanin magungunan gida da na kasashen waje sun samu nasarar amfani dashi shekaru masu yawa don ƙara yawan kariya daga pigeons, yayin da suke ci gaba da zama marar lahani a gare su.
Cutar Newcastle - daya daga cikin cututtuka masu banƙyama, tun da yake bayyanar cututtuka suna iya rikicewa tare da sanyi na yau da kullum, wanda ke hana ƙin ganewa ta dace da dacewar magani. Duk da haka, ya kamata ka yi shakka kula da conjunctivitis da dan kadan hawan zafin jiki.
Idan ba ku amsa a lokacin da cutar ta fara ba, tsarin na numfashi, narkewa da damuwa zai sha wahala. Duk da haka, ga mutane, wannan cututtuka ba ta da hatsari kamar yadda pigeons ke yi.
Yadda zaka ajiye kanka
Yana da matukar wuya a shawo kan kowace cuta daga tsuntsaye, amma wannan baya nufin cewa wannan ba zai faru da ku ba. Kodayake irin wa] annan lokuta ba su da wuya, amma rashin bin ka'idodin tsabta zai iya haifar da sakamako marar kyau.
Yawancin cututtukan kiwon kaji suna daukar kwayar cutar zuwa ga mutane tare da amfani da qwai qwarai ko kuma lokacin da suturar ciki ta shiga cikin gastrointestinal tract.
Sabili da haka, idan kun ciyar da pigeons ta hanyar jefa kayan abinci a kan tamanin ko amfani da feeders don wannan, hadarin kamuwa da kwanan wata rashin lafiya mara kyau ya kusan rage zuwa kome. Hakika, idan kuna so ku ba tsuntsaye abinci daga hannunsu, babban abu shine wanke su nan da nan.
Don kare kanka daga cututtuka, ma ba za ku iya tabawa marasa lafiya ba- wannan ya kamata ne kawai ta hanyar kwararru. Rashin hankali, daɗawar idanu, da kuma tawu da ƙi cin abinci suna daga cikin alamun farko na cutar a cikin pigeons.
Idan kututture marar lafiya ya sauka a kan baranda, to, zai fi kyau ya dauke shi a cikin jakar a hankali. Duk da haka, idan baku so ku haddasa shi, to ku cire shi kawai, sannan kuyi tsaftacewa da tsaftacewa tare da cututtuka.
