A cikin yanayin yanayi, sau da yawa yakan iya haɗuwar hulɗar dake tsakanin nau'o'in dabbobi ko tsuntsaye, kwari da tsire-tsire iri iri. Daya daga cikinsu, wato hulɗar tsakanin tsire-tsire da fungi, muna la'akari a yau: tushen naman gwari ko mycorrhiza menene?
Shin kuna sani? Naman kaza abubuwa ne masu ban sha'awa: an ci su, suna yin karin kayan magani, sun samar da kayan shafawa. Yves Rocher ya saki layi na kayan shafawa ga matan tsofaffi bisa ga tsintar da tsire-tsire mai shiitake. Ayyukan aiki na waɗannan fungi, shiga cikin ƙwayoyin fata suna ciyar da su kuma suna hanzarta farfadowa.
Mycorrhiza - mece ce?
Don fahimtar abin da naman gwari yake, kuna buƙatar la'akari da tsarin naman gwari. Sakamakon naman gwari ya ƙunshi tafiya da kafa, amma abu mafi ban sha'awa shi ne hyphae ko filayen bakin ciki, wanda aka haɗaka don samar da mycelium (mycelium). Wannan jigon naman gwari yana aiki ne don abinci mai gina jiki da kuma haifuwa (samfurori), kazalika da samuwar mycorrhiza.
Mene ne mycorrhiza? Wannan kawai hade ne na mycelium na fungal tare da tushen tsarin tsire-tsire. Tushen tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna haɗuwa, wasu lokutan an gabatar da naman gwari a cikin tushen tsarin tsire-tsire, wanda aka yi don haɗin kai na bangarorin biyu.
Mene ne mycorrhiza ta ma'anar? Wannan wurin zama na fungi a bisa tushen tsarin ko cikin kyallen takalma na tushen tsire-tsire. 
Don ƙarin fahimtar tasiri na mycorrhiza, la'akari da iri. Akwai nau'o'i na uku na mycorrhiza: ectotrophic, endotrophic da ectoendotrophic. A cikin jigon halittarsa, nau'in farko shine tsofaffi ko shimfidar wuri akan asalinta ta hanyar mycelium, nau'in na biyu shine halin shigarwa zuwa cikin tushen jiki, kuma nau'in na uku shine hulɗar haɗuwa.
Don haka, mun gano abin da ake nufi da mycorrhiza a cikin ilmin halitta kuma yanzu mun san cewa irin wannan haɗin gwiwa yana da alamun kusan dukkanin tsire-tsire: ciyawa, bishiyoyi, daji. Rashin irin waɗannan alamun, maimakon banda ka'idodin dokoki.
Properties na mycorrhiza don girma shuke-shuke
Bari mu dubi abin da ke da mycorrhiza da abin da ayyukanta suke amfani da ita ga tsire-tsire. Masarar da ke cikin nama zai iya samar da sunadarai na musamman, waxanda suke da alamun yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, mycelium digests kuma karya saukar da na gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, daga sharan gona sharan gona zuwa Organic da kuma abubuwa inorganic daga humus. Tsire-tsire suna iya shawo kan abubuwa masu sauƙi masu sauƙi na humus, kuma a nan suna da masu fafatawa da yawa: waɗannan su ne weeds da microbes da suke zaune a cikin ƙasa.
Mycorrhiza - Wannan alama ce mai amfani da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire. Tsire-tsire suna samun gina jiki da ruwa, kuma namomin kaza suna samun carbohydrates da tsire-tsire suke. Ba tare da carbohydrates, fungi ba su iya ninka da girma kwayoyin halitta ba. Tsire-tsire suna ba kashi 40% na carbohydrates.
Matsayin mycorrhiza a cikin rayuwar shuka ba zai iya karuwa ba. Mycorrhiza yana samar musu da bitamin, ma'adanai, enzymes da hormones. Na gode wa mycelium, tsarin tushen shuka yana kara yawan wurin da ake amfani da su na amfani da abubuwa masu amfani kamar phosphorus, potassium da wasu abubuwa masu tasowa. Bugu da ƙari, ba wai kawai a matsayin mai ba da abinci ba, amma har ma da allurai ne daidai.
Tsire-tsire suna girma fiye da rayayye, a cikin lokacin flowering suna samar da karin ƙirar furanni tare da furanni masu fure kuma, yadda ya kamata, fruiting yana ƙaruwa. Tsire-tsire suna da damuwa da damuwa da yanayin yanayi: fari, ruwan sama mai yawa, canji canji a cikin zazzabi. Naman kaza, yin amfani da mycorrhiza tare da tushen asalin, yayi aiki a matsayin masu kare da wasu daga cikin cututtuka na karshen, kamar, misali, fusarium ko marigayi blight.
Duka iyawarsa ta narkewa kuma ta rushe kwayoyin halittu da magunguna na humus, mycorrhiza wanke ƙasa don tsire-tsire daga yawan salts da acid.
Shin kuna sani? A yanayi, akwai tsuntsaye masu tasowa wadanda suke ciyar da kwayoyin halitta, tsutsotsi. Wadannan namomin kaza suna girma mycelium a cikin nau'i na zobba a matsayin tarkuna. Zobba tare da goyon bayan talla suna matsawa kamar madauki lokacin da wanda aka azabtar ya shiga cikin su. Ƙarin ƙwaƙwalwar kayan kwalliya, wanda ya fi ƙarfin tarkon ya ƙuntata.
Mycorrhizal vaccinations
Kwayoyin namomin kaza ba su samar da mycorrhiza ba, saboda wannan alamar ta wanzu tun lokacin farkon ci gaban flora a duniya. Abin takaici, a cikin yankuna na yankunan birni an lalata yawancin mycorrhiza saboda sakamakon amfani da sunadaran lokaci, mycorhiza ya mutu da kuma lokacin gina. Saboda haka, don taimakawa tsire-tsire su, alurar riga kafi.
Mycorrhiza maganin alurar riga kafi - yana da shirye-shirye a cikin nau'i na foda ko ruwa wanda ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin maganin mycelium mai rai na fungi. Bayan irin inoculation na kasar gona, kwayoyin fungi zasu fara aiki tare da tushen tsarin tsire-tsire, wanda ya haifar da mycorrhiza na halitta.
Kwayoyin maganin mycorrhizal suna shahara a yau don furanni na cikin gida, akwai babban zaɓi na kayan lambu, gonar lambu da shuke-shuken herbaceous, kazalika da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire irin su hydrangeas, rhododendrons, heather da wardi. Yayin da za'a tuna da alurar riga kafi cewa tushen tsarin tsofaffin bishiyoyi ya yi zurfi sosai kuma bai dace da mycorrhiza ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! An yi maganin alurar maganin mycorrhizal sau ɗaya a cikin rayuwar tsirrai, kuma kowace shuka tana hulɗar da kuma samar da mycorrhiza tare da wasu fungi. Babu mycorrhiza dace da duk tsire-tsire.
Yanayi na amfani da mycorrhiza don tsire-tsire
Ana yin amfani da maganin Mycorrhiza ta hanyar shayarwa ko shayar da amfanin gona, kuma kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. A lokacin da alurar riga kafi a cikin ƙasa, yi da dama ramuka mai zurfi kai tsaye a ƙasa kusa da shuka da kuma zuba alurar a cikin shi.
Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar wannan tambaya "Abin da tsire-tsire ba ta samar da mycorrhiza ba tare da abin da namomin kaza, wannan alamar ba shi yiwuwa?". A yau, 'yan shuke-shuke da aka sani sunyi kyau sosai ba tare da mycorrhiza ba: wadannan wasu nau'ikan jinsunan Cruciferous Family, Amaranths da Marevy. Namomin kaza da ba su samar da mycorrhiza - umbrellas, kawa namomin kaza, zaki, dung beetles, daji namomin kaza.
Mycorrhiza ya kamata a yi amfani bayan girbi, wato, a cikin fall. A lokacin hunturu, namomin kaza suna yin mycorrhiza tare da tushen barci, kuma sakamakon zai zama sananne a cikin bazara. Ba kamar shuke-shuke, namomin kaza ba su fada cikin anabiosis a cikin hunturu ba kuma suna ci gaba da aiki. Idan kun yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin bazara, aikin aiki zai kasance sananne a gaba shekara.
Yin amfani da mycorrhiza yana da mahimmanci a yayin da kake canza albarkatun gona zuwa wani sabon wuri ko wuri na dindindin bayan dasawa na seedlings. Ayyukan miyagun ƙwayoyi za su rage yawan damuwa na shuka kuma su hanzarta daidaitawa. Bayan alurar riga kafi tare da shirye-shirye na mycorrhiza, ci gaba mai girma da kuma kara inganta ci gaba da al'adu. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Mycorrhiza - ba taki ba ne, kuma ba a bada shawara don hada shi da shirye-shirye na sinadaran, tun da zai iya hallaka su. Ana yin riguna mafi kyau tare da takin gargajiya.Lokacin amfani da mycorrhiza na shuke-shuke na cikin gida, akwai wasu dokoki:
- Ana gabatar da shirye-shiryen foda don shuke-shuke na cikin gida a cikin tukunyar man fetur, to, an yi amfani da kayan sha. Abun da ake ciki a cikin nau'i na emulsion an kai shi cikin sirinji kuma injected kai tsaye cikin tushen tsarin cikin ƙasa.
- Bayan maganin alurar riga kafi, ba a yi shuka ba har wata biyu. Lokaci guda baiyi amfani da furotin ba.
- Mafi tasiri ga flowerpots ne vaccinations, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'i na rayuwa mycelium, kuma ba spores na naman gwari. Wadannan sun haɗa da tsarin gel tare da rayuwan mycelium, wanda ke samar da mycorrhiza nan da nan, yayin da spores ba su da ka'idojin ci gaba a cikin tukunyar da aka rufe.
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da amfani da mycorrhiza a rayuwar shuka
Babban amfani da amfani da naman gwari: 
- Samar da albarkatu don samun isasshen ruwa da karin kayan gina jiki;
- Yankin sha na danshi a cikin tsire-tsire yana ƙaruwa.
- Tsire-tsire za su iya jure yanayin yanayin yanayi, ƙarancin ƙasa maras kyau, juriya ga danniya, da kuma rigakafi don magance cututtuka.
- Ayyukan mycorrhiza yana ƙarfafa girma, flowering da fruiting na shuke-shuke da aka horar da su.
- An inganta dabi'u masu kyau na 'ya'yan itace da shuke-shuke na Berry.
- Tsarin tushen shine ƙarfafa da kuma iyawar tushen bayan an dasa dashi.
Alurar rigakafi tare da mycorrhiza zai sauƙaƙe noma da kula da al'adun da aka tsara, tun da tushen naman gwari zai ba da damar shuka don samun ruwa da kayan abinci a cikin adadin kuɗi. Za ku iya ba da kulawa da hanyoyi irin su abinci mai gina jiki da kuma watering.
