Itacen bishiya itace kudancin shuka wadda ke da matukar muhimmanci da kuma kulawa da abubuwa da dama lokacin da aka dasa ta, yayin da yake girma da kula da shi. 'Ya'yan itãcen Peach suna da amfani sosai kuma suna da dadi, sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da bitamin.
Saboda abubuwan da aka warkar da shi, an gabatar da ita sosai cikin cin abinci na kayan abinci daban-daban don cututtuka da dama. Kwancen 'ya'yan itatuwa na peach sun ƙunshi kwayoyin halitta mai yawa, mai mahimmanci, ma'adinai, ascorbic acid, kwayoyin halitta, da carotene da sauran abubuwa masu amfani.
Amma don girma itacen itace, dole ne a bi wasu dokoki don kulawa daga farkon samin. Wato, yana damu da shirye-shirye don dasa shuki da tsire-tsire na peach.
Ana shirya don saukowa
Tabbatar da kayan lambu mai kyau ya zama dole don sanin wasu dokoki masu muhimmanci don dasawa. Wadannan asirin zasu haifar da cigaba da ci gaba da shuka:
- Da farko, a lokacin da aka samo itace, dole ne ya kula da tushensa da rassan skeletal. Ana shirya nau'in seedling don sufuri, da rhizome na shuka an nannade a cikin zane mai tsummoki, kuma al'ada da kanta an sanya a cikin jakar, zai iya zama polyethylene. Yana da mahimmanci cewa a lokacin da kake hawa sapling babu sauyin canji a cikin zafin jiki, kuma tushensa ba ya wucewa kuma baya bushe. Ya kamata a lura cewa tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara yana da tushe a hanya mafi kyau.
- Abu na biyu, muhimmiyar mahimmanci shine wurin da peach zai rayu. Wajibi ne muyi la'akari da cewa wannan al'ada ne mai haske, wanda yake da sauri a cikin girma da kuma 'ya'yan itace - girbi na' ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi da za a iya girbe ta shekaru uku bayan dasa.
- Abu na uku, peach yana da kyau, kamar yadda yake da kyau, inda ba'a iya samun gusts na iska. Kudancin, kudu maso yammacin yamma da yammacin shafin, inda akwai kyakkyawan tsarin sararin samaniya, kuma musamman idan ta fadi, cikakke ne. Idan akwai wani shinge ko bango a cikin gonar gonar, ajiye igiyar peach mai kyau a ƙarƙashinsa zai zama wani zaɓi na musamman. Tsarin da ake ciki yanzu zai zama kyakkyawar kariya ga arewa da iskar gabas mai sanyi, kuma itacen zai karbi karin zafi daga fannin jikinta.
- Abu na hudu, ƙwaƙwalwar baƙi ba ta jure wa inuwa ba, don haka ana shuka shi sosai daga bishiyoyi. A cikin wurin shaded, ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba su da lokaci don samun haushi ta kaka, kuma ba a kwashe furanni a ciki. Wannan yana rage yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma mummuna yana rinjayar ingancin 'ya'yan itace. Kuma duk abin da ke cikin hadaddun na iya halakar da itacen.
- Abu na biyar, a lokacin da dasa shuki a peach, yana da daraja don guje wa ƙananan kwance, damp and wetlands. Kuma wa] annan wuraren da iska ba za ta iya dumi tsawon lokaci ba.
Menene buƙatun don ƙasa
Tabbatar, kafin dasa shuki peach, dole ne ku gano abin da ke cikin ƙasa a kan mãkirciinda za ta yi girma, ya dogara ne akan yadda saurayi zai fara tushe a sabon wuri kuma ko zai rayu a can.
Saboda haka:
- itacen peach bai dace da ƙasa mai yashi ba tare da babban ruwa mai zurfi;
- ba zai yi girma ba a kan ruwa mai zurfi da ƙasa mai laushi;
- idan muka dauki, a cikin maƙasudin, abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da su, da haka za a lura cewa ƙasa mai kyau mai tsabta ta dace da ita. Kowane irin ƙasar zai iya shirya shi, idan an gina magudanin kyau a ƙasa, saboda haka an zubar da duwatsun, da duwatsu, da gashi, da kwakwalwa da sauransu.
- zaɓin wani shafin don peach, ya kamata a tuna cewa wannan kudancin shuka ne wanda ke tsiro mafi kyau a ƙasa mai laushi mai kyau da kyakkyawan lada da musayar iska;
- wani shuka yana son ƙarancin ƙasa, wanda yake da arziki a humus.
Da farko, dole ne a manta da kasar gona da aka shuka itace. Ana yin haka don saturate ƙasa tare da oxygen, don tsarkake iri iri da asalinsu.
Idan a lokacin nazarin ƙasar da aka ƙaddara cewa kasar gona ba ta da talauci a cikin abubuwan da aka gano, dole ne a shirya wuri don itacen a shekara guda kafin a shirya shi.
Saboda haka, a cikin fall a cikin rami don dasa:
- da takin mai magani da kwayoyin, da ma'adinai;
- fure, superphosphate, potassium chloride da kuma itace ash suna kara zuwa ƙasa domin digging;
- dukkanin takin mai magani ana haɗe tare da ƙasa, sannan bishiyoyi suna ciyar da wannan cakuda.
Ana bukatar takin mai magani?
Abinda ke ciki na kasar gona kuma yana rinjayar adadin micronutrients wajibi ne don girma da kuma ci gaba na al'ada na itace, wanda aka gabatar a lokacin dasawa sannan kuma a kullum ya kara da cewa yana kula da itace. Alal misali ƙasa mai launin sod-podzolic tare da ƙananan abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta, don yawan 'ya'yan itace da girma na amfanin gona, yana buƙatar ma'adinai da kayan abinci na shekara-shekara.
Kasashen da zazzafa sun hada da nitrogen, potash, phosphorus, kuma wasu lokuta takin gargajiya. A lokacin taki, har yanzu yana da daraja la'akari da tsawon watering gonar. Taimakon ruwa na yau da kullum yana taimakawa wajen ƙaddamar da wani ɓangare na taki. Saboda haka, ya kamata a ciyar da lambun shayar da aka shayar da ita a lokacin da ake amfani da shi mai yawa.
A lokacin bazara, a cikin shekaru na farko na rayuwar wani ƙananan bishiyoyi - wannan shekaru 2-3 ne bayan dasa shuki, an zuba kayan mai da nitrogen a cikin wuri mai kusa. Wannan ammonium nitrate, da urea. Kuma, tare da wannan lokaci, yin takin gargajiya. Yayin da ake girma itace, ana cigaba da yawan taki ta hanyar 15-20 g kowane 2-3 shekaru.
Duk da haka, an yi amfani da inabin da ake kira greenpeter. Don yin wannan a cikin itacen peach albarkatun gona irin su radish manseed, colza, lupine da canola suna shuka. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna aiki ne a matsayi kuma suna maye gurbin humus.
Wani abu game da saukowa rami
A farkon bazara mafi yawan itatuwa ana shuka su ne. Gwada yin wannan kafin hutu. Itacen bishiya, wasu lambu suna bada shawara don shuka a wannan lokaci. Don damuwa shirya rami na musamman. Kyawawa Gwada ramuka bisa ga shirin da aka shirya a baya, tun lokacin kaka, kafin farkon farkon sanyi. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a sanya layuka a kan wani sashi a cikin sashi daga kudu zuwa arewa.
Kuma idan shirin saukowa a kan ganga, to, an sanya layuka a fadin gangara. Yawan ramin saukowa ya kamata ya dace da girman girman. Amma, wajibi ne don mirgine shi har duk tushen tushen ƙananan bishiya yana dacewa a cikin rami. Hanya mai tsayi don peach an dauke su a rami na girman, inda zurfin mai zurfin 50-60 cm, kuma diamita na 40-50 cm.
Yadda za a zabi sapling
Lokacin sayen seedlings na kowane shuka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsarin mafi mahimmanci a kai a kai - saya amfanin gonar lambu, da sauran albarkatun gona, wajibi ne kawai a cikin shaguna na musamman ko a wuraren da aka fi dacewa.
Da farko, ƙayyade irin nau'in peach, wanda zai fi dacewa da yanayin hawan yanayin da aka tsara na saukowa. Bugu da ƙari, a lokacin da sayan shuka, tabbas ka duba tare da mai sayarwa inda aka kawo sapling daga ko kuma zai iya daidaita da yankinka.
A lokacin sayarwa mai mahimmanci, lallai ya wajaba a bincika hankali inda wurin ya bunkasa tare da satar. Ya kamata ya zama mai santsi, ba tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da sagging ba.
Lalle ne haƙĩƙa, to duba rhizome da seedling haushi. A cikin tsirrai mai lafiya, a kan wurin da kuka yi lalacewa, rassan kore ya zauna, ba launin ruwan kasa ba. A lokacin da aka yanke asalinsu tare da ƙuƙwalwa masu kaifi, tsakiyar yanke zai zama launin launi, wannan yana nufin cewa seedling yana da rai.
Ana shirya seedling don dasa
A lokacin rani na bazarar wani itace na peach, kana buƙatar zama mai hankali da saurare. Sau da yawa, ana sayo bishiyoyi da yawa a gaba a cikin fall, kuma an kara su a cikin su don ƙarin dashi har sai bazara.
A matsayinka na mulkin, yalwa da zafi suna aiki a kan prikopanny sapling, yana taimakawa wajen kumburi da buds a kan rassan da akwati. Irin wannan buds suna da kyau sosai kuma yana da sauƙi lalace, wanda yake da cutarwa ga matasa itace. Tare da tsinkar da ba daidai ba, akwai ƙwayoyi masu yawa na kawai irin wannan matasan matasa wanda, daga bisani, zai iya rinjayar girma na ƙwayar matasa.
Ana shirya seedling don dasa, sun yanke duk sassa bushe daga tushen a kai. Kuma idan tushen ya bushe, ana sanya shi a cikin ruwa na tsawon awa 24. Sa'an nan kuma An dasa itacen a cikin rami mai kwasfa a ƙasa wanda aka zubo wani tudu daga wani lakaran ƙasa wanda aka hade da takin mai magani. An dasa itace a kan wannan makullin, an kafa tushen sa kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa.
A lokaci guda kuma, an bar wurin maganin alurar riga kafi 4-5 cm a sama, sannan kuma an juya magunguna a arewa. Bayan haka, ana tattake ƙasa (don yin wannan daidai a gefen ɓangaren itace), kuma an shayar da itacen kanta tare da 2-3 buckets na ruwa. A Layer na duniya a saman ciyawa 8-10 cm na taki.
Shuka mafi kyau kowace shekara. A lokaci guda kuma, rassan rassan 3-4 sun bar a kan shuka daga kasa, wanda aka lalace, yana barin buds ne kawai. Rashin reshe, wanda shine akwati, an rage ta.
Har ila yau, yana da ban sha'awa don karanta game da nau'in nau'in peach.
Muna ci gaba da dasa shuki sapling.
Tsuntsaye Peach Tree shawarar da za a samar a cikin zaman lafiya. Wannan lokacin yana cikin bazara.
Hakika, za'a iya dasa wannan amfanin gona a lokacin rani, musamman ma idan ya shafi yankunan kudancin da yanayin yanayin damuwa, amma irin wannan shuka ya bar hadarin cewa wannan itace mai zafi ba zai jure yanayin zafi ba har yanzu yana mutuwa a cikin hunturu, wanda ba za mu so ba.
Yaushe zan iya shuka?
Itacen itacen 'ya'yan itace a hanya mafi kyau yana tsira bayan dasa shuki. Dalilin wannan shine asalin kudancin wannan al'ada. Dasa irin wannan bishiyoyi a cikin fall, ba zamu ba su dama don shirya yanayin zafi ba. Kuma itace wanda ba a shirye ba zai iya daskare lokacin da hawan sanyi ke faruwa.
Saboda haka, ana shuka itatuwan peach a cikin idon ruwa kafin a fara dasa furanni, a wani wuri a farkon Maris. Ana ganin wannan lokacin kuma yana da mahimmanci saboda akwai adadin ruwan sha a cikin kasa da ake bukata don ci gaba da wani matashi.
Game da zurfin saukowa
Dasa kowane itace ya kamata la'akari da zurfin dasa shukiyar seedling. Don peach rami dug game da 40-50 cm zurfi. A lokaci guda kuma, wurin da aka dasa itacen ya kamata ya zama mai zurfin 5-10 cm cikin ƙasa.
Idan itacen ya zurfafa zurfin ƙasa, zai taimakawa cikin ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙananan ɓangaren ƙira, wadda bata da kyau ta shafi itacen da kanta da ci gabanta. Idan babu zurfin zurfin ginin, tushen bishiyar zai zama abin damuwa, wanda zai haifar da ci gabanta. Sabili da haka, wannan zurfin shine mafi kyaun zaɓi don dasa.
Ana bukatar takin mai magani?
Spring don ciyar da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, ciki har da peach, yana da muhimmiyar mahimmancin kulawa, tun da yake a wannan lokacin da itacen ya fara girma kuma ya sami karfi don flowering kuma daga bisani ya bada 'ya'ya.
Peach isa unpretentious a ciyar, amma har yanzu akwai wasu dokokin taki don wannan shuka. Wannan shi ne ainihin gaskiya game da saukowa.
Daidai kar ka bayar da shawarar ciyar da ƙasa a lokacin dasa. Zai iya ƙone ƙananan matasan wani itace. Dukkanin takin mai magani, da ma'adinai da kwayoyin, an kara su zuwa rami mai tsayi tun lokacin kaka.
Tsarin kulawa da kyau
Bayan dasa bishiyar peach, yayin da yake bin dukkan ka'idodin da aka lissafa, yana da mahimmanci kada ku manta da yanzu inji yana buƙatar kulawar, kula da kulawa. Kuma haɓakaccen ci gaba, ci gaba da kuma daidaitawa na 'ya'yan itace zai shawo kan yadda aka shayar da shi, a kiyaye shi da kuma ciyar da shi.
Na farko game da watering
Ko da kuwa lokaci na dasa, mulching da watering suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsira da kananan bishiyoyi da ci gaban su. Mulch ya hana bayyanar ɓawon burodi da kuma fashe a cikin ƙasa a kusa da itacen, kuma yana rinjayar haifuwa da tsutsotsi, wanda ke taimakawa wajen tafiyar da ƙasa a cikin ɓangaren tsirrai na shuka.
Tsire-tsire mai laushi zuwa yanayin bushe, amma har yanzu rashin ruwan inganci yana rinjayar cigaba da shuka, yawan amfaninta, da ingancin 'ya'yan itace. A cikin yanayin bushe, itacen yana shayar da farawa a watan Yuni kuma ya ƙare a watan Agusta sau ɗaya kowane mako zuwa uku. A lokacin ban ruwa, 1-2 buckets na ruwa suna zuba a cikin yankin stalk.
Bugu da kari a kan miya
Bayan dasa shuki a peach, kasar gona kusa da da'irarta tana cikewa a kowane lokaci. Wannan ya hana yin bushewa da fadowa daga ƙasa, wanda zai tasiri tushen tushen itace, kuma zai iya rinjayar ci gabansa da ci gabanta. Tare da wannan dalili, bayan dasa shuki, a kusa da gangar jikin, zaka iya yin karamin zinare daga ƙasa kimanin cm 30. Wannan zai taimaka wajen riƙe da danshi kuma ya hana ginin ƙasa da tushen tsarin bishiyar.
Kowace shekara an kara ma'adanai zuwa ɓangaren shinge na itace.
A cikin bazara, wadannan su ne nitrogenous takin mai magani (ammonium nitrate) ko urea.
A cikin fall - phosphate da potash da takin mai magani.
Yana da matukar amfani a yi taki da humus sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3.
Sau da yawa, shahararren lambu suna amfani da abin da ake kira "kore" dressing. Don wannan karamin hanya Shuka amfanin gona na musammandaga abin da, daga bisani, ana samun takin mai magani.
Je zuwa kariya daga itacen
Peach wani tsire-tsire ne wanda yake da nasaba da cututtukan cututtukan da yawa, kuma abin da kwari ya fi so. Babban abokan gaba na peach itace su ne monilioz ('ya'yan itace m rot), powdery mildew, da kuma deciduous curl. Dukkan cututtuka guda uku sune fungal, wanda za'a iya hana, kuma kada ka bari bishiyar ta yi rashin lafiya.
Sakamakon naman gwari na Moniliosis a cikin rassan da aka shafa da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa bushe. Saboda haka, hanya mai mahimmanci wajen magance wannan cuta ita ce shuke-shuke guda uku. Ana amfani da wannan hanya lokacin da ake rubutu da powdery mildew.
Na farko pruning yi a farkon springNa biyu - a mako bayan flowering, da kuma na ƙarshe - a cikin fall. Yanke rassan, 'ya'yan itace da aka bushe da busassun ganye, masu kamuwa da ciwon, dole ne su ƙone.
Har ila yau, labaran launi yana magungunan fungal ne, hanya mafi mahimmanci wadda ke da iko don yayyafa bishiya tare da cakuda Bordeaux ko Horus. An gudanar da wannan tsari sau uku a shekara: kafin a fara fara ganye, a cikin fall kuma bayan foliage da dama.
Peach yana buƙatar kariya da kuma hunturu. Don yin wannan, an rufe itacen da burlap ko wasu abubuwa a hannun. Akwai hanya mai mahimmanci don karewa daga sanyi - yana da tsaunin 50-60 cm, wanda aka gina a cikin fall daga ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin bishiya, kuma an rushe shi a cikin bazara.
Saboda haka, sanin dukan fasalulluka da asirin shuka shuki, dasa wannan itace mai kyau kuma kulawa ba wuya. A lokaci guda kuma, kyakkyawan itace mai kyau zai yi girma a gonar, kuma a kan teburin za a kasance mai dadi sosai, 'ya'yan itace mai dadi.
