Dasa ceri

M tips on dasa shuki cherries

Sweet ceri! Wanene bai ji dadinta a kan lebe ba? Ba cikakke ba, mai raɗaɗi, firi, ko balaga mai taushi. Shuka wannan itacen, kuma dandano cherries ba zai kasance wani abu na baya.

Domin adadi mai dadi ya faranta mana farin ciki tare da kyakkyawan ƙwaya da bunkasa kyau, kana buƙatar kammala abubuwa uku: zabi wuri mai kyau, tabbatar da saya seedlings a cikin aikin jinya ko a kasuwanni na musamman, dasa shuki mai kyau mai kyau shine mafi kyau a farkon spring.

Ana shirya don dasa shuki cherries

Menene buƙatun don ƙasa

Ƙasainda aka dasa shuki, dole ne ya kasance mai kyau, yana da sauƙi don wuce iska, wato, friable, kuma ya bar shi a cikin danshi kuma ya kasance mai riƙe da laima. Ƙasa, zai fi dacewa yashi ko haske mai laushi.

Ba a shawarci ba'a don shuka a kan yumbu mai yumbu ko kasa mai kasa, kuma, ba shakka, a kan zurfin sandstones. Ta Yarda da ruwa mara kyau ko da na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma yana da wuya ga danshi. Don wadannan dalilai, ba'a iya dasa ƙwayar mai dadi ba a wuraren da ruwan karkashin ruwa ke ƙarƙashin saman.

A cikin gonar, domin giciye-pollination na zaki da cherries, an shawarci shuka akalla 2-3 iri. Cherries ana dauke kyau makwabta domin suna Bloom lokaci guda tare da cherries.

Yanzu shirya ƙasa don dasa

An yi amfani da ceri mai dadi a matsayin itace mai ban sha'awa, musamman ma yana damuwa da yanayin ƙasa, dole ne ya kasance mai kyau. Saboda haka, kafin dasa shuki sabon gonar, an inganta ƙasa da ingancinta. A cikin ƙasa inda yarinya za suyi girma, ban da digging, an yi amfani da takin mai magani, duka kwayoyin da ma'adinai:

  • Humus, takin ko gurasar taki (10-15 kg da m2).
  • Ma'adinai da takin mai magani - phosphorus (15-20 g per m2) da potassium (20-25 g. M2).
  • Adadin lemun tsami ya dogara da abin da ke cikin masallacin ƙasa da kuma matakin da suke da shi. Alal misali, a kan hasken haske yayi kimanin 500 grams. da m2, kuma a kan ƙasa mai nauyi, tare da ƙasa da acidity kasa da 4.5, yana da muhimmanci a ninka sashi, game da 900 g da lemun tsami da m2.

Amma idan a cikin lambun ganyayyaki a nan gaba, to, ana amfani da takin mai magani da potash da takin mai magani, yayin da takin mai magani na phosphorus ya karu zuwa 25 grams. on m2.

Shekaru daya kafin dasa shuki mai kyau, ba a gina ƙasa, wato, yana cikin tururi. Amma a lokacin girma girma weeds dole ne a cire. Shekaru na gaba, nisa da ƙwayar igiya ta ƙara zuwa mita 1, a kowace shekara yana ƙaruwa ta rabin rabin mita. Wannan sashi ana kiyaye shi a cikin mafi tsarki, ba tare da weeds ba, kuma an rufe shi da wani abu mai laushi.

Kada ka manta game da taki

Don haka zaki mai dadi fara farawa da wuri kuma suyi amfani da 'ya'yan itace, yana da muhimmanci sosai ga yawancin samuwa na gina jiki a cikin ƙasa. An cika su a lokacin kaka, suna amfani da takin mai magani da kuma ma'adinai a lokaci daya, an kafa yawancin su bayan sun ɗauki ƙasa kuma suna gudanar da bincike.

Masana masu kwarewa sunyi hakuri kan yin takin mai zurfi 20 cm cikin zurfi. Ya kamata a dauki kulawa lokacin amfani da takaddun busassun, zasu iya ba da sakamako mara kyau. A cikin yankunan da bala'in yanayi, An fara narkar da ma'adinai na ma'adinai cikin ruwa, kuma sai kawai don taimakawa inda akwai yawancin haɗuwa da asalinsu.

Ba'a kawo wani bayani tare da tsami mai ma'adinai ba a karkashin gindin itacen, yana da lalacewar lokaci, tun da tushen da aka samo a can ba su sha dukkan abubuwa masu amfani ba.

Don jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma da kuma inganta ingancin flowering da pollination, da safe za ku iya feshi da bishiyoyi da jan karfe sulfate. A lokacin flowering, ƙwayoyi suna da ƙananan gishiri, sabili da haka, suna bada shawara su shayar da kambi tare da wani bayani na musamman don ƙarfafa jigilar ovaries, ko kuma da ruwa mai zurfi, wanda hakan yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfin furanni.

Menene ya kamata girman girman ramin

Saukowa suna fara tono digiri a gaba, Watanni 3-4 kafin zuwan saukowa. Nisa daga cikin rami ya zama kimanin 80 cm, kuma zurfin kusan 60 cm.

Rashin ƙasa na rami ya warwatse, buckets guda biyu na humus sunyi barci, gauraye da manya na ƙasa, kuma ya bar dan lokaci. A lokacin da dasa shuki Girman superphosphate 400 na kara zuwa rami., 100 grams na sodium sulfate, ko 1 kg na ash, kuma duk wannan shi ne a hankali mixed.

Ana amfani da takin mai magani a cikin gyare-gyare, cherries basu buƙatar yawancin su. Bayan haka, haɗari zai iya haifar da samun gagarumar nasara, wanda sau da yawa ba koyaushe yana da lokaci don cikakken ci gaba ta ƙarshen kakar girma.

Ana shirya seedling don dasa

Suna saya da shuka, a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, na shekara-shekara, da wuya shuka 'yan shekaru biyu.

Dole ne a bincikar tushen tsarin daɗaɗɗen karamar karam din, da hawaye mai karfi da lalacewar asalin da aka yanke tare da wuka mai kaifi. Yana da wanda ba a ke so ba don ba da izinin bushewa tushen lokacin tafiyarwa, wanda hakan ya shafi yadda sauri zai fara. Amma idan tushen tsarin har yanzu an bushe shi, an saka shi cikin ruwa don awa 6-7.

Wani lokaci, don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan lamba daga asalinsu tare da ƙasa, wanda ya sa adiyo ya karu da sauri tushen tsarin da aka tsoma a cikin cakuda yumbu ko chernozem da mullein.

Bincika a cikin dasa shuki a kan tudu da kuma tushen da aka yi da rabi-hade, duniya dole ne a girgiza gaba daya, saboda haka ya cika dukkan abin da ke tsakanin tushen. An guga guga na ruwa a kuma an zuba ceri tare da sauran ƙasa zuwa saman rami. Dole ne a tattake ƙasa, to, ku yi rami a kusa da itace ku zub da shi tare da bugu na ruwa guda. Itacen da aka dasa da shi ya rataye shida ƙasa a kusa da rami dole ne a cike da peat ko humus.

Har ila yau ban sha'awa don karanta game da marigayi iri dake cherries.

Cherry seedling dasa

Yaushe zan iya shuka?

Mafi kyawun duka kyawawan ceri shuka a farkon spring, kafin farkon tsarin kumburi da kodan. An dasa shi a gaban rami rami, har ma a cikin fall, da kuma kara ma'adinai da takin gargajiya.

Idan, duk da haka, an dasa shuki mai dadi a lokacin da buds suka fara fure, to bisan itacen da aka dasa yana da damar yin girma cikin talauci, kuma irin wadannan bishiyoyi suna fama da cututtuka fiye da wadanda aka dasa a lokaci.

Yanda aka shuka cherries a cikin fall ba a bada shawara ba, saboda akwai hatsari na daskarewa na samun karuwar yawancin shekara, saboda sau da yawa sukan isa mita 1 ko fiye a cikin bishiyoyi guda biyu da biyu.

Game da zurfin saukowa

Cherries ba sa son zurfin dasa: ƙwarƙashin wuyansa (ko layin dake tsakanin tushen da gangar jikin) ya kasance a matakin kasa bayan watering. A lokacin dasa, bishiyoyi sun tashe ta 5 cm, don haka ƙasar tana da hali don daidaitawa.

Karfi in-zurfin dasa shi ne mummunan ga tushen ci gaba, amma, da kuma karamin dasa shuki na cherries yana da mummunar tasiri a kan tushen tsarin, a lokacin rani shi overheats, kuma a cikin hunturu shi freezes. Lokacin da dasa shuki mai zurfi, asalinsu a lokacin tillage na iya lalacewa, kuma seedlings ba su da karfi kuma suna iya zamawa.

Dabarar takin gargajiya bayan dasa

Yana da muhimmanci a bi da ma'auni. Kyakkyawan kashi na nitrogen taki na iya sa rassan su lanƙwasawa, raunuka ga gangar jikin da rassan, da kuma yawan lalacewa.

Don gano idan mai dadi mai dadi yana bukatar nitrogenous taki, an tantance shi yadda sauri yaran ya fara girma kafin a fara farawa. Alal misali, a ƙarshen manyan rassan, ƙananan sabbin sababbin kuma an kafa su, ba a amfani da takin mai magani ba. Amma, idan duka iri ɗaya, adadin su da tsawonsa ƙasa ne, to ana amfani da taki tare da nitrogen. Ana amfani da takin Potash da phosphate a shekara mai zuwa bayan dasa.

A lokacin girma, ana amfani da takin gargajiya a iyakanceccen yawa, saboda amfanin su zai zama tasiri tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai don inganta daidaitattun ruwa. An hana kwayar ruwa mai kwalliya don yin ceri.

Kula da bayan dasa

Watering yana da matukar muhimmanci a wannan lokaci.

Cherry da wuya a jure wa fari, rashin danshi adversely yana rinjayar ta. Yana buƙatar karin watering, musamman ma da farkon hunturu. An yi la'akari da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire a matsayin ruwan sama mafi girma fiye da spring Watering kafin zuwan hunturu gaba daya saturates ƙasa tare da danshi.

Watering cherries za a iya raba zuwa uku lokaci. Ruwan ruwa kafin hutuWannan shi ne farkon ruwa. A karo na biyu a cikin kwanaki 15-20, lokacin da itatuwa suka dakatar da furanni. Kuma a karshe lokacin da suka zub da zaki mai dadi 20 days kafin farkon farkon fasalin.

Ƙananan game da ciyar da itacen

Ciyar da kananan bishiyoyi sau 2-3 a kakar. Mafi yawan taki da aka yi amfani dashi don yin gyare-gyare na sama ana daukar su da za a shafe su; 1 tbsp na ruwa an kara da shi a guga guda 1 na ruwa. cokali mai mahimmanci taki.

Suna ciyar da ƙwarƙara mai dadi sau biyu, a watan Mayu da Yuni, kuma bishiyoyi sun tsufa fiye da shekaru uku - sau 3-4. Lokacin da duk 'ya'yan itacen ya tsage itacen, nitrogen taki ne mafi alhẽri ba amfani. A cikin idon ruwa yi urea.

Kyakkyawan kayan aiki don ciyar da bishiyoyi itace ash.

Kare Cherry

Matsalar mafi girma na mai dadi mai dadi, lokacin da yayi girma, shine bursting 'ya'yan itatuwa. A cikin ƙananan da suka taso a lokacin lokacin fari da ruwa mai yawa, mota ya taso, kuma 'ya'yan itace sun lalace. Hanyar mafi mahimmanci na gwagwarmaya ita ce gina ginin kan gonaramma yana da tsada sosai.

Dole ne a kiyaye kariya daga tsuntsaye, mafi mawuyacin magabtansa, saboda suna cin dukkanin 'ya'yan itace. Tsuntsaye suna jin tsoro ta hanyoyi na jiki da na injiniya.

Kuma don kare itacen daga fatattaka akwati, a cikin kaka da kuma bazara suna samar da launi na launi.