Philodendron wani tsirrai ne na iyalin Aroid, wanda ke da kimanin nau'in 900. Philodendrons a cikin daji suna samuwa a cikin wurare masu zafi na wurare masu zafi da kuma dumi, gandun daji mai dadi, tsire-tsire na gida ne na tsakiya da kudancin Amirka. Tunda wadannan tsire-tsire suna zaune a cikin wurare masu zafi, sun yi hakuri da yanayin dumi, mai girma na gine-gine masu kyau, amma yayi girma a cikin lambun hunturu. Philodendrons suna da halayen kayan ado masu kyau, albarkatun su suna ba ku damar shuka tsire-tsire a matsayin tsutsi, da kuma kirkiro abubuwan kirki mai ban sha'awa. Gidan yana da nau'o'in nau'o'in rayuwa: zai iya zama duka-tsalle-epiphytes, da epiphytes, da hemiepiphytes. Yawancin lokaci, kayan haɗin gwiwar na zamani ne tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, wanda aka sanya su a kan goyan baya ta hanyar iskar gas. Saboda haka sunan mai suna Philodendron, wanda ke nufin "Ina son itace" a cikin tsohuwar Helenanci.
Shin kuna sani? Ana amfani da wasu nau'o'in philodendron don dalilai na magani. Alal misali, ana amfani da magungunan magungunan imbi da bicirous a matsayin maganin antiseptics.
Wace ka'idojin da za a samar wa philodendron a gidan
Don ci gaba da kyakkyawar kyakkyawar lafiya mai kyau, dole ne a ba shi irin wannan kulawar gida da yake buƙata a matakin jinsi, kasancewa tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Yanayi da haske
Hanya daidai na philodendron tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gabanta da cigabanta. Lokacin da aka shaded, injin ba zai mutu ba, amma ganye zasu daina girma kuma zai raguwa. A gida, yana da mafi kyaun sanya philodendron a cikin haske na penumbra - wani wuri da ba dama ga hasken rana kai tsaye. Wurin arewa maso gabas shine wuri mafi kyau don sanya shuka. Yana da matukar muhimmanci don kare philodendron daga zane.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yana da daraja tunawa da siffofin da aka bambanta (misali, philodendron black-black) yana buƙatar karin haske fiye da masu launin masu launin.
Yanayin yanayin zafi
A lokacin rani, yawan zafin jiki ba zai wuce +25 ° C ba. A cikin zafi mai zafi kana buƙatar kaɗa ko wanke ganyen shuka tare da ruwa mai tsabta don hana su daga overheating. A cikin hunturu, wajibi ne don kula da yawan zafin jiki ba kasa da + 15 ... +17 ° C. Wasu nau'in, kamar su philodendron m da hawa, suna iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi na + 12 ... +13 ° C.
Yadda za a kula da philodendron a gida
Philodendron za a iya girma a gida, samar da kulawa ta dace. Duk da haka, akwai wasu jinsuna masu ban sha'awa a cikin wannan shuka, alal misali, irin su philodendron tripartite, black black, ko Andre, wanda dole ne a girma a cikin musamman dace da florariums.
Watering da zafi
Dole ne a shayar da shuka a cikin bazara da kuma rani 2 sau a mako tare da ruwa mai tsabta a dakin da zazzabi, kuma a cikin hunturu - ba fiye da sau ɗaya a mako ba. Dole ne kasar gona ta kasance da rigar rigakafi. Hanyoyi masu yawa suna shafar shuka: ganyayyaki sunyi launin rawaya, kuma a gaba ɗaya, akwai raunin ci gaba na philodendron.
Philodendrons suna iya girma da manyan ganye saboda tsananin zafi wanda yake a cikin tropics. A karkashin yanayin girma na gida, yawancin jinsin shuka suna iya ɗaukar iska mai iska. Duk da haka, don ƙyale ƙasa ta bushe shi ne wanda ba a ke so. Saboda rashin rashin ruwa, injin yana samar da karami da sauki a karo na farko bayan sayan. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a yadad da mahimmanci fiye da sau da yawa kuma ya haifar da yanayin jin dadi.
Amfani
Ciyar da philodendron shawarar a cikin bazara da kuma bazara kowane mako biyu. Kamar yadda takin mai magani, wadanda ke da nauyin abun ciki na potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, yayin da rage yawan maida hankali da shawarar da 10-20% ya dace, sun dace. A nan babban mulki yana aiki: ƙasa ya fi kyau, amma sau da yawa. Ciyar da shuka yana da mahimmanci kada a overfeed shi, in ba haka ba samfurori na ganyen shuka sunyi launin rawaya ko juya launin ruwan kasa, ganyayyaki sun bushe kuma sun raunana. Idan an hawan ƙasa tare da adadin humus, to lallai ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da su ta amfani da wasu takin mai magani don kimanin daya da rabi zuwa watanni biyu.
Pruning
Yawancin lokaci shuka yana dacewa sosai da pruning. Domin kulawa da philodendron a daidai girmansa, a cikin bazara ka buƙatar cire matsanancin harbe. Domin ya kara bushin, kana buƙatar ku damu da girma na furen. Lissafi mai hawa na Philodendron zai iya isa mita da yawa, wannan ba daidai ba ne, don haka suna bukatar a yanke su daga sama.
Taimako don vines
Yawancin mutane da yawa suna girma da tsayi kuma suna yin zane-zane. Saboda haka, wajibi ne don su dace da goyon baya ga ci gaba. Wannan na iya zama ginshiƙan murmushi ko bango a tsaye. Sai kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin girma na matasan ganye na philodendron an maye gurbinsu da halayen manya na wannan jinsin ko iri-iri. 
Home Philodendron Transplant
Canji na philodendron ya kamata a yi a cikin bazara, lokacin da shuka ke da mahimmanci. Idan ba a canza shi a lokaci ba, injin zai daina girma, tsarin ƙasa zai fara raguwa kuma ya tara nauyin abubuwa masu ma'adinai. A lokacin da aka sake yin amfani da wani kayan aiki, kowane lokaci ana daukar tukunya a cikin mita biyar cm a diamita fiye da baya. Ya kamata a shuka shuka sosai sau da yawa, tun da tushen tsarin Aroids, wanda iyalin iyalin suke da shi, an bunkasa su da ƙarfi. A matsakaici, wannan ya kamata a yi a kowace shekara, kuma ga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire za su isa sau daya kowace shekara 2-3.
Ana buƙatar buƙatar fasalin philodendron ta hanyar cire shuka daga tukunya. Idan kullun ƙasa tana da ƙuƙuwa ta asali, kuma ƙasar ba ta iya gani ba, yana nufin cewa ana buƙatar dashi. Don canzawa, yawancin yankunan ƙasa sun dace, amma mafi kyau ga shuka shine cakuda peat, humus, ƙasa mai laushi da yashi.
Yin maganin kwari da cututtuka
Kwayoyin cuta na philodendron sukan saba faruwa da sababbin ka'idoji da shawarwari na aikin injiniya. Idan an shuka shuka a cikin matsayi mai nauyi, sai asalin zai fara juyawa daga rashin isashshen oxygen, launin ruwan kasa zai bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki. Tare da rashin isasshen haske, bambancin launin ruwan sanyi na philodendron, launuka masu busasshen launin ruwan kasa suna fitowa a farar fata na ganye. Idan zafin jiki ya yi yawa, ƙananan zasu iya fada. Idan inji yayi tsirrai da stalks, hakan yana nufin rot rot ya bayyana. Wannan yana faruwa a cikin hunturu tare da wuce haddi na danshi da iska mai sanyi, wanda ke haifar da yanayi don haifuwa daga naman gwari. Don maganin rot, kana buƙatar dasa dashi a cikin wani tasa, tayi sama da zazzabi da kuma dakatar da ruwa na dan lokaci.
Daga cikin kwari, yawanci na musamman shine gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, da ƙuƙwalwa, da mealybug da thrips. Don halakar da kwari, dole ne a wanke ganyen shuka tare da sabulu. Bayan haka, zaka iya zuba ƙasa tare da "Aktara" ko "Confidor". Idan ya cancanta, maimaita mako guda daga baya. Ana iya sarrafa sakonni tare da acaricides.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yana da daraja tunawa cewa irin wannan shuka kamar philodendron yana da haɗari ga lafiyar mutum. Yana samar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace wanda zai iya zama mai guba ga fata da mucous membranes. Don kauce wa rauni, ya kamata kayi kariya da kariya lokacin kula da shuka. Tabbatar sa safofin hannu, da kuma kula da kayan aikin da ke kula da injin. Kana buƙatar kiyaye tsire-tsire daga kananan yara da dabbobi.
Kusar gida
Akwai hanyoyi da dama don fadada wani philodendron. Na farko shi ne hanya iri, na biyu shi ne grafting kuma wani tare da taimakon guda daga cikin akwati. Yayinda kayan dasawa ke yin takalmin gangar jikin, zai iya zama ba tare da ganye, amma ko da yaushe tare da toho. Saka su a cikin akwati tare da peat ƙasa, rufe tare da tsare, wani lokacin fesa. Da zarar buds fara girma, suna raba da yawan matasa harbe da kuma dasa a cikin tukwane.
Yanke ya haɗa da shirye-shirye na dasa shuki daga kayan shuka, don haka kowane seedling yana da toho. Kafin kayar da philodendron, dasa kayan dole ne a kafe wata daya a +25 ° C, sa'an nan kuma a dasa shi a cikin tukwane. Bayan dasa shuki, an rufe cuttings da fim don ƙirƙirar yanayin zafi mai zafi. Kashe fim bayan tushen tsarin ya ci gaba sosai. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na shuka kayan shuka shine + 18 ... +20 ° C a lokacin rani; a cikin hunturu da dare - har zuwa +16 ° C. Ana amfani da maɓallin da ake amfani da shi domin dasa shuki na philodendron: humus (2 sassa), filin sodium (1 part), ƙasar tudu (1 part), yashi (1/2 sassan).
