Kokwamba

Yadda za'a samu amfanin gona mai kyau na cucumbers, namo ta amfani da hydroponics

Kullum kokwamba - tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara na iyalin Suman. An bayyana shi cikin al'adun shekaru 6,000 da suka shude, Indiya an dauke shi wurin haihuwa. A cikin aikin gona na zamani, akwai hanyoyi da dama don girma cucumbers: a kan kayan shafa, a cikin ganga, a karkashin fim, a cikin jaka da jaka, da kuma yin amfani da hydroponics, wanda yanzu ya saba sosai. Hydroponics yana baka damar shuka tsire-tsire a wurare masu wucin gadi ba tare da ƙasa ba, wanda ya ba su dama don ciyar da tushensu a cikin iska mai tsabta, mai dadi, mai laushi, yanayin cin iska

Shin kuna sani? Daya daga cikin abubuwan ban mamaki bakwai na duniya - Gidan Jingina na Babila - An gina ta ta amfani da hydroponics.

Cucumbers a hydroponics: girma fasali

Hydroponics don cucumbers da hannuwanku zai zama mafi maraba a cikin tattalin arziki idan kuna son samun girbi mai kyau na waɗannan kayan lambu. Kokwamba su masu hawa ne, sabili da haka a cikin karamin hydroponicum ya fi kyau shuka su tare da bango na pallet, kuma bayan da harbe ya bayyana, ƙulla su zuwa tashoshin da aka sanya a wani kusurwa. Wannan hanya zai taimaka masu shuka da suke neman hanyar da sauri girma cucumbers. Irin wannan wuri na cucumbers ba ya tsangwama tare da wasu tsire-tsire, wanda zai iya zama a cikin wannan pallet, kuma daura cucumbers yana samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu girma. Girma mafi girma na cucumbers na taimakawa haske zuwa sama zuwa 14 hours.

Shin kuna sani? Masanin ilimin lissafin Amurka William F. Gericke ya ci gaba da tabbatar da ka'idar hydroponics, yana samar da kayan lambu da kayan lambu zuwa raka'a na Amurka a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.

Irincin cucumbers don girma a hydroponics

Don yin girma cucumbers a hydroponics da hannayensu, da F1 Liliput iri-iri zai yi. Wannan farkon (daga germination zuwa fruiting daukan kwanaki 40-42), matasan na mace irin flowering ne resistant zuwa cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta. Wata ƙasa mai dacewa ko ƙwayar zafin jiki don iri germination shine 25-30 ° C. Wannan matasan bada yawan amfanin ƙasa na 10-11 kg da murabba'in mita. m Har ma kananan kokwamba parthenocarpik na matsakaicin matsakaici; inuwa mai haƙuri parthenocarpic matasan F1 MediaRZ na matsakaici tsawon, kazalika da duniya m parthenocarpic iri-iri Zozulya. Har ila yau, mashahuri ne na Turai, Dogon Turanci, Almaty 1, Marfinsky.

Abin da kuke buƙatar girma cucumbers a hydroponics

Kokwamba zasu iya sha wahala daga bayyanar da kayan aiki, da kuma lalacewar mai tushe. Tsakanin da ba ta dace ba tsakanin tsire-tsire na iya haifar da cututtuka, don haka idan kana son girma cucumbers a kan baranda, hydroponics zai dace da kai daidai. Lokacin da aka ajiye tukwane, dole a ba kowanne akwati da kimanin mita 2.5. m, kuma a cikin tanki ya zama 2 seedlings.

Haske yana mahimmanci ga girma cucumbers. Amfanin sakamako na hasken lantarki zai taimaka wajen samar da carbon dioxide a cikin iska. Shiryaccen shiri mai kyau zai tanadi lokaci mai yawa da ƙoƙarin mai shi. Magani ga hydroponic bayani: alli - 1 g, sodium - 0.25 g, magnesium sulfate - 0.25 g, potassium sulfate - 0, 25 g, zinc - 0.75 g, jan ƙarfe - 0.25 g, mafi kyau acidity a bayani - daga 5.5 zuwa 6.0, kuma mai nuna alama na EU - 2.2-2.7 mS.

Yana da muhimmanci! Rashin amfani da abubuwa masu amfani yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa akwai wasu ganye a kan tsire-tsire, amma 'yan' ya'yan itatuwa.

Da fasaha na girma cucumbers ta yin amfani da hydroponics

Hydroponics zai taimaka a cikin ɗakin don girma cucumbers, kamar waɗanda suka girma a gonar. Wajibi ne don bin tsarin fasaha.

Shuka tsaba a cikin cassettes

Da farko, ana kwantar da kwantar da hankalin 'yan kwalliya tare da bayani mai gina jiki, sa'an nan kuma an sanya nau'in kokwamba a tsakiyar kowane kwalaba. Hydroponics ya hada da abubuwa masu yawa a cikin maganin, wanda zai taimaka wajen saturate iri daga ciki. Lokaci na furewa zai taimaka wajen kirkirar yanayi mai kyau. Bayan dasa shuki da cassette iri an rufe shi da filastik, wadda aka cire bayan kwana 3. Yanayin zazzage da za a bi shine 23-25 ​​° C.

Tsarin shuka ya fara zuwa cubes

Kwararru, kamar cassettes, suna ƙarƙashin magani tare da bayani (yadda za a yi bayani na hydroponic, an riga an kwatanta shi a cikin labarin), bayan haka za'a iya sauyawa har zuwa kwana bakwai a can. Ya kamata ka dauki seedling tare da wani abin toshe kwalaba kuma canja shi zuwa wani cube, rage zazzabi by 1 digiri. Girman nisa tsakanin cubes yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa shuke-shuke. Komawa seedlings a cikin irin wannan yanayi shine watanni 1.5.

Transplanting kokwamba seedlings cikin mats

Kafin dasa shuki cucumbers a gida, dole ne a danƙa matsin tare da bayani, yin kananan ramuka a cikin kunshin da zai zama aikin malalewa. Ya kamata a yi a zafin jiki na + 22-25 ° C. Bayan farkon flowering, seedling zai samar da wani tushe, bayan da zai zama dole don cire duk furanni zuwa na biyar leaf. Ya kamata a gudanar da tsire-tsire na tushen sa a cikin zafin jiki a zafin jiki na + 21-22 ° C.

Sakamakon kula da cucumbers

Idan muka yanke shawarar cewa muna girma cucumbers a gida, muna bukatar mu kula da su sosai. Kafin a fara samar da 'ya'yan itace na farko dole ne a cire maɗauri. Kamar yadda adadin cucumbers ya ƙaru, yana da daraja yin amfani da tsaka-tsire daga tsire-tsire zuwa ga ci gaba. Ya kamata a shayar da katako a hankali, fara fara ban ruwa daga droppers 2 hours bayan fitowar rana, da ƙarewa 2 hours kafin faɗuwar rana, ta haka ne guje wa lalacewar 'ya'yan itace. Yanayin zafin jiki na wannan bai kamata ya wuce + 19-22 ° C, kuma a kwanakin rana - +24 ° C. Wajibi ne don kwantar da man shuke-shuken a kai a kai, yayin da yake cike da matsanancin zafi na 70-80%, wanda zai guje wa powdery mildew da botrytis.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan baza ku iya samar da haske ga kayan lambu na yau da kullum, kuna buƙatar amfani da fitilu na wucin gadi - irin su DNAT da LED.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da girma cucumbers ta yin amfani da hydroponics

Idan kun rigaya za ku girma cucumbers a hydroponics a gida, kana bukatar ka san da wadata da fursunoni. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin noma sun hada da gaskiyar cewa mai watsa shiri na iya tsara tsarin ciyar da tsire-tsire, tun da kawai abubuwan da ya kawo tare da ruwa ya shiga cikin yankin tushen, banda haka, yana da damar shiga tushen kuma zai iya kula da yanayin su, lura da matakin oxygen a cikin bayani mai gina jiki (kana buƙatar tuna yadda za a shirya bayani mai gina jiki don shigarwa hydroponic).

Ganye yana watsa dukkan ruwa da ake bukata don kula da ci gaba mai kyau ba tare da barin shi a cikin ƙasa ba. Ta haka ne, yana ceton ruwa da kuma na gina jiki. Kokwamba na girma da kyau kuma baya samun rashin lafiya, wanda ke nufin cewa buƙatar ƙwayoyin magungunan kashe qwari yana raguwa, zai zama mafi mahimmanci, babba, kuma haɓaka yana ƙaruwa. Kayan lambu yana samun yanayi mafi kyau don amfani da kwayoyin halitta. Hydroponics na cucumbers saboda yawan kayan da ake ciki na nitrogen ya samar da babban adadin biomass. Duk da haka, akwai alamu ga hanyar, kuma kafin yin abubuwa masu dacewa da kanka, akwai dalilai masu yawa da za a la'akari. Kokwamba yana dogara ne a kan mai watsa shiri, kuma ci gaba mai girma zai yiwu ne kawai tare da kulawa mai kyau.e, ba tare da damuwa da ma'auni na sigogi na jiki da nazarin halittu ba a cikin ƙasa, wanda zai iya fitowa daga wani abu mai mahimmanci ko na gina jiki mai kyau. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine kiyayewar yawan zafin jiki na yankin da ke cikin +22 ° C, saboda yawancin zafin jiki zai haifar da mutuwar tushen, sabili da haka daga cikin tsire-tsire. Do-shi-kanka hydroponics sa lokaci da inganta cucumbers, amma yana da tsada sosai kuma ba kowane maigidan iya iya shi. Har ila yau, mutane da dama sunyi sanadiyar hawan gwanon ruwa saboda rashin kirki saboda pipin filastik da salts ma'adinai.

Saboda haka, hanyar da ake girma a hydroponics na da kyau kuma yana da amfani da yawa a wasu hanyoyi, kuma yana da nasaba da kokarinta a cikin kulawa.