Balsam Fir ya kasance a cikin farko tsakanin masu yin amfani da su a cikin kwarewar masu zane-zane masu sana'a da kuma masoya don yin ado da gidan rani. Ba abin mamaki bane, domin, ban da darajar kayan ado, injin yana da dadi, warkaswa, gurasar da kuma tart din da ke kashe kwayoyin cututtuka da kuma cututtukan iska. Kasashen farar hula suna Arewacin Amirka, inda shi ne babban bishiyar gandun daji.
Shin kuna sani? Daga cikin aromatherapists akwai tsinkaya cewa ƙanshin fir na balsamic yana motsawa fata, kaya yana da kyau kuma yana kawar da bakin ciki. Tunda tun zamanin duniyar fir sunyi la'akari da itace mai tsarki a yawancin kasashe da dama.
Balsam Fir: Bayani
Balsam fir (Abies balsamea) wakiltar iyalin Pine, bayanin irinsa ya bambanta da girman kuma yana da fiye da 20. Akwai ƙananan bishiyoyi konamental, har zuwa 50 cm high, da kuma bishiyoyi masu karfi kai mita 40 a tsawo. Kusan dukkan nau'ikan fir na balsamic suna da kambi mai nauyin pyamidal na yau da kullum, yadu yada yada rassan tare da suturar lush.
Tsuntsaye na kwatar-kwando, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan kasa, har zuwa 10 cm a tsawon. A haushi ne launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, m. A cikin daji, itace tsawo yawanci yakan kai 23-35 m. Tsayin gwangwani ya kai 25 mm kuma yana da wuri mai tsefe. Ƙananan needles duhu kore, haske, tare da ratsan haske a kasa. Kamfanin Balsam yana da siffofi na al'ada - rashin asalin resin a cikin itace. Suna mayar da hankali ga haushi, ba kamar sauran masu haɗuwa ba. Bugu da ƙari, inji yana da tsarin tushen kasa. Yanayin itace na tsawon lokaci ya wuce shekaru 200.
Shin kuna sani? Kwayoyin warkaswa na fir na balsamic suna shahararrun, ana yin magunguna daga dukkan sassanta. Bark, needles, buds, resin, da kuma muhimmanci man, wanda aka samo daga wani shuka, ana amfani dashi a magani.
Popular irin balsamic fir
A yanayi, akwai nau'in iri iri iri na balsam, ciki har da siffofin daji da al'adu.
Mafi mashahuri don girma a cikin rani gidaje ne dwarf, m-girma iri:
- Kiwi - raguwa da sauri, dwarf shrub har zuwa mita 50. Yana da kambi mai tsayi da duhu duhu, lokacin farin ciki, guraben haske, gajeren ɗan gajeren lokaci. Matasan bishiyoyi suna da launi mai laushi. Wannan iri-iri ne mai ban sha'awa a kananan, lambuna masu ban mamaki ko ƙuƙwalwa, kuma shine tsarin da zai dace a cikin tukwane.
- Nana - dwarf, jinkirin girma shrub a tsawo daga 50 cm zuwa 1 m Crohn zagaye siffar, har zuwa 2 m in diamita. Tana yada rassan, rassan, da rassa. Ƙunƙarar suna da zurfi, duhu mai duhu, takaice tare da farin da ratsan bidiyo a kasa. Wannan nau'in iri-iri na balsamic mai sauƙi da sanyi mai sauƙi yana da sauki shuka da kulawa. Yana da kyau a cikin kwantena, lambuna masu ban mamaki da shimfidar wuri na lambu.
- Hudsonia - Ɗaya daga cikin kamfanonin da aka fi sani, kuma dwarf. Yana da rassan matukar rassan da gajeren gajere, ƙananan gilashi, fentin baki da kore a sama da bluish kore a kasa. Bred a Amurka, New Hampshire, inda yake girma a cikin gandun daji.
- Piccolo - kayan ado na musamman, nau'in nau'i, nau'in bishiya ba ya wuce 30-50 cm. Yana da kambi mai duhu mai duhu, mai launi mai launi. Young shrubs haske kore. Mai girma ga allon nunin faifai, kwandon ruwa.
- Green Globe - wani karamin coniferous shuka, yana da matukar farin ciki da kuma raunin duhu. Tsawan tamanin tamanin yana da m 1 m. Rashin kambi ne, maƙalaya, ba a buƙace shi ba. An dasa shi a cikin nau'i na musamman, na ado lawns, mai nunin faifai da duniyoyi masu kyau, da kuma girma a cikin kwantena.
Features na dasa balsamic fir dasa
Hanyoyin shuke-shuke da ke girma suna cikin kwandon lokaci, saboda dasa shudun balsam ya fi dacewa a spring fiye da kaka.
Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa
Balsam fir - shade-loving al'adu, don haka don dasa ya kamata zabi wuraren shaded na shafin - inuwa ko m inuwa. Yana da kyau idan akwai tafki a kusa da wurin da aka zaba don farar.
Wani irin ƙasa yana son fir mai balsamic
Al'adu ya bunƙasa a cikin m, mai arziki, da-drained, loamy ƙasa. Tunda yana da wuyar shuka fir a cikin ƙasa mai nauyi, zai zama wajibi a shirya shimfidawa mai laushi na 20 cm na gwaninta mai gushewa ko kananan tubalin fashe. Sa'an nan kuma wajibi ne a zub da cakuda da takin mai magani mai ma'adinai tare da gishiri a kan tsabar tsabta. Ya kamata kuma a tuna cewa ko da yake balsamic fir yana da ƙarancin ƙasa mai tsabta, ba zai iya tsayawa ruwa mara kyau ba.
Shuka fir na balsamic
Don dasa gonar balsamic a kasar zai buƙaci seedlings ba matasa fiye da shekaru hudu ba. Ana sanya Landings a cikin watan Afrilu, kuma ya fi kyau a zabi rana mai tsawa ko rana mai ban tsoro saboda wannan. Makonni biyu kafin dasa, kana buƙatar tono rami game da 60x60x60 cm, dangane da girman tsarin tsarin seedling. Sa'an nan kuma, 2-3 buckets na ruwa ana zuba a cikin rami, kuma, bayan an shafe shi, mirgine ƙasa ta rabin rabi.
Yi kwanciyar ruwa biyar na malalewa daga dutse mai gushewa ko bulodi kuma ya cika rabin abincin. A abun da ke ciki na sassa 3 na humus, 2 sassa na yumbu, peat da yashi na 1 part, 10 kilogiram na sawdust da 0.2-0.3 kg na nitrophoska zai yi aiki da kyau. Makonni biyu bayan ƙasa ta zauna a cikin rami, sanya sautin da yake ciki a ciki har ya zama gilashi mai tushe ya zauna tare da farfajiya. Sa'an nan ku daidaita tushen da kuma cika rami tare da ragowar rabin rami, rufe hatimin da kuma zuba. Idan kuna so kuyi girma a kan farar fata, to, dole ne a dasa tsire-tsire a nesa na mita 4-5 daga juna.
Ayyukan kula da fir na balsamic
Kamfanin Balsam ya bambanta da kyakkyawan inuwa mai sanyi da kuma juriya mai sanyi, sabili da haka, yana da sauƙi don kula da fir fir. Amma a cikin yanayin zafi mai sauƙi tare da sauƙi mai sauƙi a cikin zazzabi, ana lura da kwanciyar hankali na ɓangaren itacen. Saboda haka, a cikin hunturu zaka buƙatar rufe albarkatun tsire-tsire masu shuka. Har ila yau, ya kamata mu tuna cewa fir yana da tushen tushen tushen, wanda ke sa tsire-tsire ba shi da tushe, saboda haka ana lalata ta da iska mai karfi.
Watering da tsire-tsire da kula da ƙasa
Duk da irin yanayin da ake yi na fari na fari, farar fata na balsam ya amsa da kyau sosai. A lokacin rani, ana ba da shawarar gwaninta na mako-mako na rawanin katako. A cikin bazara, 2-3 irrigations isa tare da har zuwa 15-20 lita na ruwa a lokaci guda. Bayan watering za su buƙaci sassauta ƙasa, kazalika da cire kauyen weeds.
Sutsi na sama da furen balsam
Bayan dasa shuki, kazalika da hunturu, wajibi ne a ƙaddamar da nauyin seedling a diamita na kimanin 50 cm tare da kwakwalwan kwamfuta, sawdust ko peat, kwanciya ciyawa 5-10 cm Layer. Ganye yana buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa kawai shekaru 2-3 bayan dasa. A cikin bazara, zai zama wajibi don ƙara 100-125 g na Kemira Universal a cikin maƙallin keɓaɓɓun kusa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tabbatar cewa Layer na ciyawa ba ta tabawa kuma baya rufe ƙwanƙolin farar fata na balsam.
Yadda za a samar da kambi na fir
Fir na Balsam bai buƙaci kulawa na musamman, duk da haka, don amfanin gona mai kyau a cikin lambun zai buƙaci tsabtaccen tsabtace lokaci. Ana gudanar da shi a cikin bazara, kafin motsi na juices. Garden almakashi cire old, bushe da lalace rassan. Kayan ado na ado don samar da kambi idan ya cancanta, saboda fir yana da tsararraki da kambi na yau da kullum. Amma idan akwai buƙatar gyara tsari, ya kamata a yi ta hanyar rage gabar ta ba ta fiye da na uku ba.
Babban kwari da cututtuka na shuka
Kamar yadda za ku iya yarda, ku dasa fir a kan kakar dacha, basira da ƙwarewa ba a buƙata ba. Amma don girma itace mai kyau, wani lokacin dole ka magance wasu cututtuka da kwari na wannan al'ada. Yawancin furen balsamic da aka yi ado suna shan wahala daga fure-fure-fure, irin aphid. Kayar da wannan kwaro yana haifar da launin rawaya da kuma raunana needles. Don kawar da Hamisa, shirye-shiryen "Antio" ko "Rogor" zai dace, wanda aka yi amfani da fir a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da mutanen da suka fara hunturu sun tashi. An shirya maganin daga 20 g daya daga cikin wadannan shirye-shirye da lita 10 na ruwa.
Haka kwari zai taimakawa wajen kamuwa da wasu kwari-kwari - fir na magunguna leafworm da tsutsa masu tsire-tsire. Wani lokaci fir zai iya yin launin rawaya da needles da kuma samar da kayan kwalliya a kan harbe. Dalilin wannan shine tsatsa, irin nau'in cutar fungal. A wannan yanayin, an yanke rassan rassan da kuma ƙone su tare da allurar da aka kwance, kuma an yanke cututtuka tare da farar lambun. Bayan haka, dole ne a yada kambi tare da bayani daga ruwa Bordeaux 2%.
