Pyrethrum, wanda kuma aka sani da chamomile Dalmatian, - Wannan furen fure ne. An kiransa Pyrethrum a yau da kullum da ake kira chamomile, mafi mahimmanci saboda wannan shuka yana da nau'in zane iri ɗaya kamar camomile: cibiyar rawaya da ƙananan dabbobin da suke kewaye da shi. A gaskiya, pyrethrum da chamomile zumunci yana da matukar damuwa. Akwai nau'ikan jinsin wannan shuka, da bambanci da siffar, launi, abun da ke cikin sinadaran da kuma yanayin girma.
Yin amfani da pyrethrum don dalilai na ado ba'a iyakance ba. Don haka, ana amfani da wasu nau'in shuka a magani, ana amfani dasu don magance matsalar cutar, wanda ake amfani da su a matsayin magungunan kwayoyi, kuma sun hada da kwayoyin cututtuka don rage cututtukan ciwon kai da kuma ciwon mace. A hade tare da wasu kwayoyi, ana amfani da pyrethrum don magance hauhawar jini, arthritis da cutar rheumatic. Sakamakon zazzaɓi a cikin maganin wasu ƙwayar cuta.
Shin kuna sani? Abin ban mamaki, bambancin bambancin kayan mallakar Dalmatian chamomile yana ba da damar amfani da shi a lokaci daya a cikin masana'antu da sunadarai (a cikin farko - don inganta fata, a na biyu - don yin katako, alal misali, ya hallaka kwari).
Kasashen waje na pyrethrum sune yankuna masu zafi (Caucasus, Tsakiyar Tsakiya ta Tsakiya, Yankin Rumshiya), wajibi ne a rika la'akari da su, suna so su bunkasa yanayi na Dalmatian a cikin yanayi mai tsanani. A wani wuri pyrethrum na iya girma tsawon shekaru takwas, amma injin yana samar da mafi kyawun flowering daga na uku zuwa na shida na shekara ta rayuwa.
A zabi na wuri da ƙasa don dasa shuki pyrethrum
Zai fi kyau shuka Dalmatian chamomile a kan wani shiri na rana. Wani wuri don pyrethrum ya kamata ya zama cikakke kuma bai damu da isasshen iska ba, sabon abu ga wannan shuka. Har ila yau, ma'aunin ma'auni na Dalmatian yana da kyau sosai, amma idan rana ta yi ƙanƙara, zazzafar zazzagewa zata fara tsawo, wanda zai ba da lahani ga kayan ado na shrub. Dankali, kazalika da farkon kayan legumes na farawa, an dauke su da kyau ga wadanda suka dace da chamomile Dalmatian.
Pyrethrum yana da kyau sosai ga yanayin waje, musamman, ga abun da ke cikin ƙasa. Abin da kawai yake da muhimmanci shine an samar da shuka tare da mai kyau mai laushi, kamar yadda feverfew ba ya son ruwa mai rikitarwa a cikin tushen tsarin. Saboda haka, kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa ruwan karkashin kasa yana da zurfi sosai, kuma idan wannan ba haka ba ne, tabbatar da cewa samar da ruwa mai yawa ya wuce a shafin yanar gizo na pyrethrum.
Don tabbatar da tsawon lokaci da yawan furanni, ya fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa mai laushi mara kyau. Har ila yau, ya dace da loam da yashi na loam. A kowane hali, kasar gona ya isa ya bushe kuma sabo da tsaka tsaki ko alkaline dauki. Magancin zazzabi yana ci gaba da talauci kuma yana kara tsanantawa da nauyi, mai yalwa ko kasa maras kyau. M, yashi, kuma ƙasa mara kyau ƙasa Dalmatian chamomile ba dace.
Yana da muhimmanci! Cutar da ba za ta iya ba da damar ba shi damar shuka shi ba tare da bin bin waɗannan shawarwari ba. Duk da haka, a kan ƙasa mai laushi, da kuma a cikin inuwa, tsire-tsire zata fara samuwa sosai, yayin da flowering, ta bambanta, ba ya bambanta da yawa.
Duk da yanayin da ake nunawa mai zafi, feverfew yana da mahimmanci sanyi: idan zazzabi ba ya fada a karkashin digiri biyar na sanyi, Dalmatian chamomile zai iya tsira cikin hunturu ba tare da wani ƙarin shiri ba.
Growing pyrethrum daga tsaba
Pyrethrum ya sake haifuwa a hanyoyi daban-daban: girma daga iri, grafting, rarraba daji, layering. Propagation na pyrethrum da tsaba zai yiwu a cikin manyan hanyoyi biyu - shuka a bude ƙasa da pre-dasa a kan seedlings. A bude ƙasa, pyrethrum tsaba suna sown a farkon spring da zaran frosts fade. Don mafi kyau germination, yana da muhimmanci don pre-jiƙa da iri na da yawa hours a cikin ruwa a cikin dakin da zazzabi. Seeding na tsaba a cikin ƙasa ya kamata a yi quite zurfi - by 2-3 cm.
Wasu lambu sun bada shawara daga bisani shuka, suna jiran kasar gona ta wanke gaba daya. Idan an dasa shuki a cikin watan Mayu, ana iya saka tsaba ne kawai 5-10 mm. Hanyoyi a cikin wannan yanayin sun bayyana da sauri - kawai makonni biyu bayan da aka watsar.
Tsaba na chamomile Dalmatian ba su bambanta sosai a cikin germination, sabili da haka, za a iya shuka su sosai: bayan sunadarin germination, har yanzu suna bukatar a canza su (distance tsakanin tsire-tsire daya ya zama aƙalla 10 cm). Girman girma na pyrethrum yana da sauƙin ɗaukar tushe, don haka za a iya aiwatar da tsari na tsayawa ba tare da tsoro ba.
Ana amfani da tsarin kaka na shuka tsaba na pyrethrum. An yi imanin cewa an samar da shuka a cikin wannan yanayin mafi kyau. Ana yin shuka a zurfin zurfi, amma bayan da gado ya rufe shi da Layer humus ba kasa da 1 cm ba.Domin kada ku dasa pyrethrum a cikin ƙasa a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa ta yi sanyi sosai, za ku iya shuka shuka a cikin tukwane da kwalaye don seedlings. A wannan yanayin, a watan Mayu, an riga an dasa bishiyoyi da aka shuka a gonar fure.
Zaka iya fara aiki a watan Maris ko Afrilu, dangane da yanayin. Kafin yin shuka kan zazzabi, an shirya shiri na iri a daidai lokacin da aka dasa shi a cikin ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma an rarraba su a ko'ina, amma ba ma ƙananan ba, a kan ɗakunan kwantena da aka cika da kayan shafa mai gina jiki (kasar gona dole ne a fara tsabtace shi sosai) kuma a yayyafa shi tare da ƙasa na 2-3 cm. Bayan fitowar harbe, idan ya cancanta, suna buƙatar fitar da su, dasa shuki a cikin takalmin peat, takarda ko kofuna na filastik.
Kafin cirewa a cikin ƙasa bude, kwantena sun fara dan kankanin, tare da karuwa a cikin lokaci, zuwa cikin iska mai tsabta don hardening. A lokaci guda, yana da muhimmanci a koyar da zazzabi ba don rage yawan yanayin zafi ba don hasken rana. Domin hasken hasken rana ba zai ƙone tsire-tsire ba, bayan dasa shuki a kan gado a cikin kwanaki na farko, inji ya buƙaci inuwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Seed yaduwa ne mafi na kowa hanyar dasa shuki pyrethrum. Duk da haka, dole ne a tuna cewa wannan hanya ba ta tabbatar da gado na halaye na iyaye ba. Girma daga tsaba na chamomile Dalmatiya zai iya mamakin maigidan maras kyau na furanni.
Idan ba ku yanke katakan fure a lokacin ba, za a iya watsa tarwatsawa ba tare da ƙarin lokaci da ƙoƙari don shuka tsaba ba. A cikin shekara ta farko bayan dasa shuki, feverfew, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba ta yi girma ba.
Ƙunƙarar Pyrethrum
Don haifuwa daga cututtukan pyrethrum, ana amfani da matasan matasa na shuka. Za'a iya aiwatar da tsarin a cikin marigayi bazara ko lokacin rani, don yin wannan, ya isa ya sanya yankan shirye-shirye a ƙasa, kare shi daga rana kuma bugu da žari yana rufe shi da fim don ƙasa ta ci gaba da yin rigaka. Bayan da aka dasa tushe da ƙarfafa, an saka shi a wuri mai dindindin.
Division na overgrown pyrethrum bushes
Pyrethrum - perennial shuka. Duk da haka, a cikin lokaci, daji na Chamomile na Dalmatiya ya fara girma sosai, kuma abin da baya ya faru tare da furanni: furanni ya zama ƙananan, kuma ƙarshe ya ɓace gaba daya. Sabili da haka, ba tare da sha'awar burbushin pyrethrum ba, a kalla sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-4, dole ne a rarraba bishiyoyi don manufar rejuvenation. A lokaci ɗaya tare da irin wannan rarraba, an bada shawara ga dashi zazzabi zuwa sabon wuri game da sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyar, wannan ma dole ne cewa flowering ya kasance mai yawan gaske.
Ana gudanar da tsari ne da zarar shuka ya ɓace. Dole ne a gwada daji da kyau, ya fadi a kasa (wasu ma sun bayar da shawara a wanke tushen) kuma a raba zuwa sassa daban don kowane bangare yana da tashar. Wadannan sassa suna zaunar da ku dabam da kuma kulawa da kuma ga wani adult pyrethrum. A madadin haka, za a iya yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba rhizome, anyi wannan a cikin bazara a cikin aiwatar da digin shafin.
Yadda za a magance feverfew
Pyrethrum baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, ana kiran shi da tsire-tsire ga marasa lafiya. Abinda kawai shine shine kula da sako ya zama dole har sai yaron ya tsufa. A daidai wannan lokacin, zazzaɓi yana buƙatar ruwan sha na yau da kullum. Ba lallai ba ne wajibi ne a sako sako ga Dalmatian tsofaffi, wanda ya samu nasarar magance matsalolin sako.
Watering da mulching kasar gona
Former pyrethrum ba ya bukatar a shayar sau da yawa. Rashin gyaran ruwa ya zama dole ne kawai a yanayin zafi mai zafi da kuma rani mai tsawo (hawan ƙasa bai kamata ya rabu da bushe ba). Rashin fari ba ya barazanar mutuwar pyrethrum, kawai saboda rashin rashin ruwa, furanni sunyi karami kuma basu da haske. Ƙasar baya, wanda yake da haɗari sosai ga feverfew, shi ne waterlogging. Bayan watering, kasar gona ta zama dan kadan ne don tabbatar da samun isashshen sunadarin oxygen zuwa tushen tsarin, kazalika da riƙe da danshi a cikin ƙasa. An yi amfani da ciyawa na Pyrethrum, amma ba lallai ba ne, domin, kamar yadda aka fada, ba lalacewa ba kuma rashin rashin ruwa (ainihin mawuyacin sauyewa) yawanci ba ya shan wahala daga shuka.
A gefe guda, mulching shi ne ma'auni mai tsafta don shirya wani perennial pyrethrum don hunturu. Bayan pruning bushe mai tushe, da chamomile Dalmatian ya kamata a rufe hay, auku ganye, kuma idan winters sun yi yawa mai tsanani, tare da spruce ko Pine rassan. Ayyuka suna nuna cewa sakamakon irin wadannan hanyoyi, daga rabin zuwa 90% na tsire-tsire suna tsira ko da bayan tsananin sanyi.
Top dressing feverfew
Babban taki da abin da zazzabi ya fi dacewa ya fi dacewa shi ne juyawa. Don tabbatar da kyakkyawar flowering, ya kamata a yi a cikin hanyar bazara a cikin bazara, a lokacin rani a yayin da yake yin digiri, kuma kamar yadda ake bukata a lokacin kakar. Idan shuka ba ta ci gaba sosai ba, za ka iya ciyar da shi ta hanyar ƙara jiko na mullein da kuma ma'adinai na ma'adinai (phosphorus, nitrogen da potassium a cikin rabo 2: 1: 1) zuwa ruwa mai ban ruwa. Za a iya yin takin gargajiya ƙasa.
Pruning
Ana yin saurin zafin jiki sau biyu a lokacin kakar: bayan na farko flowering da kuma kafin hunturu. Tsayar da peduncles bayan flowering yana da raga uku: na farko, shi yana hana tsarin da bai dace ba; Abu na biyu, yana samar da sake sakewa a lokacin wannan kakar; Abu na uku, ƙananan furanni waɗanda tsire-tsire suke yadawa ba kawai ba ne masu ban sha'awa ba. Gashi, tsakanin wasu abubuwa, ya sa daji ya fi tsalle, ya sa aka samu sabon harbe. Kafin hunturu, wajibi ne a yanka da buds, flower stalks da pyrethrum harbe, sa'an nan kuma rufe shuka don taimakawa shi tsayayya da sanyi frosts.
Abokan hulɗa, amfani da zane-zane
Pyrethrum yana da kyau tare da tsire-tsire masu yawa, duk yana dogara ne akan inda aka dasa chamomile na Dalmatian. A cikin yankuna, za a iya sanya bishiya kusa da abin da ke da ban mamaki, ta shafe (lambun ko wasu nau'o'in), rawaya mai launi, orange marigolds da marigolds. Dukkan wadannan tsire-tsire suna kama da juna a cikin furanni, amma suna da nau'o'i daban-daban kuma suna da haske, wanda ya haifar da sakamakon wani gadon filawa mai ban sha'awa a cikin ƙasar.
Idan ana shuka shuki a cikin inuwa, karrarawa da blue-blue larkspur zai yi kyau a gaba. Dalmatian chamomile ya dubi mai girma, shrouded a thickets na cineraria. Gaba ɗaya, yin amfani da feverfew a zane-zanen yanayi shine batun don wani labarin dabam. An dasa sau da yawa a cikin yankunan Dalmatian a kusa da kewaye da lambun furen (wasu lambu sun yanke shuka don kada ta yi fure, ta yin amfani da nauyin pyrethrum kawai don dalilai na ado).
Har ila yau, ana shuka shuki da kan iyakoki da hanyoyi. Hakanan an riga an ambaci wannan samuwa a kan tushen ko tare da haɗuwa da ɗakin gandun daji na Dalmatian mai haske. Pyrethrum, dasa a karkashin bishiyoyi ko kusa da ornamental shrubs, ya dubi kyau.
Zaka iya yi ado tare da wannan gagarumar haske mai gado, gidan waya, terrace ko baranda. A ƙarshe, zazzaɓi na tsawon lokaci na iya zama sabo a cikin irin furanni da aka yanka a cikin vases. Dangane da labarun da yake da shi, nau'in shafuka masu kyau da kwarewa mai yawa da nau'i-nau'i na tsarin shimfidar wurare, ana amfani dashi da masu jin dadi sosai.
Cututtuka da kwari, yadda za'a magance su
Dalmatian chamomile, a matsayin mai mulki, ba a fallasa su kwari da cututtuka, kuma wannan shi ne babban abin mamaki mamaki na feverfew.
Shin kuna sani? A yau yaudarar da ake kira Dalmatian na girma ne don kyau, amma kwanan nan kwanan nan wannan tsire-tsire ya kasance daya daga cikin kwari masu karfi wanda mutane suka gano. Pyrethrum guba ne ga kwari da sauran kwari na gona, don haka ba kawai yana tsoron irin hare-haren ba, amma yana kare wasu tsire-tsire daga nan kusa.
Wasu lokuta magungunan zazzabi na iya rinjayar baƙar fata aphids. Ana iya yakinta da yawan wanke kwari daga tsire-tsire (kulawa da hankali ya kamata a biya baya ga ganye, wannan shi ne wurin da dabbobi ke rayuwa), yayyanar bishiyoyi tare da sabulu da ruwa, kayan ado na wormwood, taba da sauran tsire-tsire da aphid basu jure babu lokaci, zaka iya sayan kowane kwari a cikin kantin kayan sana'a.
Pyrethrum girl iya buga slugs. Ana iya ganin su ga ido marar ido, banda haka, halayen su suna nunawa a kan launi na chamomile. Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da kwari, a kan slugs, za ka iya amfani da makiyayan su na halitta - tsuntsaye da kuma hedgehogs. Akwai abubuwa da yawa waɗanda za a iya janyo waɗannan dabbobi zuwa shafin. Gishiri mai laushi - Wannan cututtuka ne, hanya mai mahimmanci don magance abin da bai wanzu ba: Abin takaici, dole ne a cire katako da ya shafi wuta. Thrips - abokan haɗari masu yawa na furanni - feverfew ba zai shafar ba, amma akasin haka, tare da taimakon powderfew foda za ka iya kawar da wadannan kwari a kan wasu tsire-tsire. Har ila yau, ana amfani da zazzabi don magance fusarium (cututtuka marasa kyau wanda ke da rinjaye a kan tushen tsire-tsire).
Tare da taimakon pyrethrum kare bishiyoyi, shrubs, strawberries. Wani jigon da aka yi daga mai tushe zai iya kashe kwari, kullun, ticks, moths, tururuwa, da abubuwa masu guba akan duka manya da larvae (caterpillars) 
Saboda haka, zazzabi shine daya daga cikin furanni na lambun musamman, hada hada ban mamaki da ban mamaki, nau'i-nau'i na ban mamaki da kuma kyakkyawar damar hade tare da hanyoyi daban-daban na zane-zane, kuma, a matsayin ƙarin haɓaka, ƙwarewar da za a iya kawar da kwari mai hatsari daga 'ya'yan itace, kayan lambu da kayan ado na ado.
