Zaɓi apples don gonar ka, yana da hankali don dasa bishiyoyi tare da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu mahimmanci don haɓaka lokacin kakar.
Daban-daban iri zasu baube juna, wanda zai tabbatar da samuwar yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Wasu daga cikinsu za su yi raguwa kawai kusa da ruwan dusar ƙanƙara, wasu - a rabi na biyu na rani.
Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau farkon nau'in cikakke shine Gornist apple tree, ka tabbata ka karanta bayanin.
Abin da ke nufi
Gornist ne mai rani iri-iri. 'Ya'yanta sun kai ga mabukaci da kuma tsufa mai ban mamaki a lokaci, farawa daga ranar ashirin ga watan Agusta.
Ana adana su na dogon, game da makonni uku, dace da amfani da sabo, kuma don kowane aiki.
Wannan saiti nasa ne na sosai resistant kuma za a iya girma a arewacin yankunan kasarinda magungunan suna da ƙananan zafin jiki.
Don juriya mai sanyi, Gornist ba na baya ba ne ga sanannun iri-iri. Uralets.
Hakanan zaka iya fahimtar wasu lokutan rani iri-iri na Augustus da Melba.
Bayyana iri-iri Gornist
Ka yi la'akari da bambancin apple da 'ya'yan itacen.
Gornist itatuwa sun isa tsayia lokacin ƙuruciyarsu suna da kambi na pyramidal, a tsawon shekaru, kambin ya warwatse zuwa ga tarnaƙi, shan m pyramidal siffar.
Haushi a kan rassan shine haske, flakes off. Gornis fructifies a kolchatkah, wanda za a fara farawa daga shekaru biyu.
Ganye da ganye suna da matuka, ganye suna da ƙananan, a takaice, ƙananan man fetur tare da tsaka-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle, tare da gefe mai tsabta. Sifarsu ita ce siffar da aka zana a tsakiyar tsakiya.
Furen wannan nau'i-nau'i ne babba, mai siffar saucer, tare da takalmin ƙwayar da aka rufe.
'Ya'yan itatuwa suna da haske kuma masu kyau, amma karami fiye da matsakaiciyar size, yin la'akari daga 90 zuwa 110 grams, mai siffar kwai-ƙwayar da ake magana da shi mara kyau.
An rufe shi da bakin ciki na bakin ciki, babban sautin shi ne mai tsami, wanda aka yayyafa launin ja da ratsan rawaya da kwari.
Da saucer ne furrowed, kunkuntar da m, rami ne ƙananan, ba m.
Zuciya ta apple shine siffar kwai, ɗakunan iri suna da rabin bude. Kwanan ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai wuya, hatsi, mai launin launin ruwan.
Abincin sugar a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara na 'ya'yan itacen Pistol ya kai 14 bisa darida kuma albarkatun da ke cikin su basu da yawa - 'yan kaɗan sune irin wannan nau'i na acid da carbohydrates.
Wannan yana samar da adadi mai kyau, amma a lokaci guda suna da matukar talauci a cikin ascorbic acid.
Tarihin kiwo
Daban iri-iri da ke makiyaya L. A. Kotov a Sverdlovsk Experimental Station Hildicultural Pollination Cinnamon taguwar a cakuda pollen da aka cire daga furanni daban-daban Ural iri da kuma bayanan wallafe-wallafen da aka samu na samfurori.
An rarraba ta hanyar rassan gandun daji Middle Ural, a 2002, zoned.
Koyi duka game da irin itatuwan apple don Urals.
Yankin ci gaban halitta
Itacen itace unpretentious kuma sosai hardySaboda haka, ba zai sami matsala tare da daidaitawa a sassa daban-daban na kasar ba.
Tsayayya ga kamuwa da cuta zai iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a dasa shuki apple irin wannan iri-iri a wuraren da damp da sanyi sauyin yanayiinda sau da yawa iri-iri sukan zama abin kunya na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Itacen itacen apple na Gorno-Altaiskaya iri-iri ne kuma marar kyau, an rarraba shi da tsananin sanyi mai sanyi kuma yana da nau'o'in itatuwan apple.
Yawo
Gornist ba apple mafi sauri a ci gaba fara fara 'ya'ya a shekaru 4 zuwa 8.
Duk da haka, daga ɗayan itace mai girma har zuwa 80 kilo na cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa za a iya cire. Girbi daga wani yanki mai girman hectare zai iya kaiwa 90 centers.
Tun lokacin da aka sa 'ya'yan itace a lambun ma'adinai a kowace shekara, babu wani yanayi na tsawon lokaci a yawancin irin itatuwan apple a cikin' ya'yan itace - Ƙungiyar girbi tana kawo kwanciyar hankali, har ma idan wasu ba su bada 'ya'yan itace ba, yana ba mai mai da yawa bishiyoyi mai mahimmanci.
Gornist rashin kaifin kai, a matsayin yawancin 'ya'yan itace, na Rosaceae.
Kusan kowane lokacin rani ya dace da gurbatawa. iri dake tare da wannan lokacin flowering.
Dasa da kulawa
Ba'a buƙatar kulawa na musamman don wannan nau'in, duk abin da yake buƙata don wadata da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai girma shine haske, ƙasa mai kyau da kuma kambi mai kyau.
Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke a cikin kakabayan leaf fall amma kafin farkon sanyi.
Sa'an nan kuma seedling zai sami lokaci zuwa dauki tushe kafin snow da dama, da kuma spring zai shiga wani lokaci na ci gaban aiki, riga ya kasance zaune a sabon wuri.
Zaɓi ƙasa don saukowa tare da lissafin girman girman bishiyar nan gaba.
Dole ne a tanadar da shafin ya zama cikakke, tare da ƙasa mai kyau kuma ba acidified, ruwa mai zurfi ba wanda ba a ke so ba, kamar kowane itacen bishiyoyi.
Kafin dasa shuki, jiƙa da tushen seedlings a cikin ruwa tare da Bugu da ƙari na phytohormones, cire matattu da kuma lalace Tushen.
Bayan zuban tudu na ƙasa a kasa na rami mai saukowa, kana buƙatar ka rarraba tushen tsarin bishiyar tare da shi, kuma ka rufe shi da ƙasa, ka kwantar da shi sosai.
Ya kamata kasar gona ta shawo kan ƙananan hanyoyi - bayan yawan watering, wajibi ne bayan dasa, zai zauna.
Yana da mahimmanci mu tuna cewa shigarwa cikin sutura mai karfi zai iya cutar da seedling har ma ya hallaka shi.
Saboda katako na pyramidal yana buƙatar ɗauka pruning.
A farkon matakai na girma Ana buƙatar cire cire rassan skeletal, ƙananan matan, ba tare da wata matsala ba, suna tashiwa a wani karamin kwana - tare da iska mai karfi ko a ƙarƙashin nauyi na dusar ƙanƙara, za su iya karya da kuma samar da mummunan rauni a kan akwati.
Har ila yau mahimmanci Sanitary pruning, cirewar rassan rassan da za a cire a lokacin zai taimaka wajen kare bishiyar lafiya da kuma kare daga kwari da cututtuka, wanda tushensu zai zama.
Kamar dai sauran itatuwan apple, Yana buƙatar isasshen takarda tare da ma'adinai ko takin mai magani mai arziki a nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium.
Yawan maganganun su ya danganta da ƙayyadaddun haihuwa da tsarin tsari - daga lokaci zuwa uku a kowace shekara.
Dubi bidiyo game da yadda za a yanka itacen apple a lokacin rani, idan mafita ya fara sake girma a kan wani makircin da aka yanke.
Cututtuka da kwari
Daya daga cikin halayen Gornist shi ne babban tsayayya ga scab.
Ko da a cikin shekaru maras kyau, ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwan apple suna ci gaba.
Duk da haka, haɓaka ga naman gwari ba ya sa itacen ya kare kariya daga matsalolin da ya dace da bishiyoyin apple - yana mai saukin kamuwa da kamuwa da cutar kwari. Maɗaukakin makiyansa:
- apple sawfly,
- weevil
- leafworm,
- flowerbed
- aphid
Yin amfani da katako zai cece su hadaddun kwari, yin amfani da tarko mai laushi don halakar da mutane masu tashi, don hana motsi na kwari tare da rassan ƙugiya.
Tare da kulawa da kyau, Gornist zai samar da gonar tare da girbi mai girma da kuma barga na 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau.
Duk da cewa ba su da tsawon rayuwa, apples suna da kyau don shirya kayan abinci da kayan aiki, wanda za a iya adana har tsawon lokaci.