Bolotovsky apple - sanannen kayan kayan zaki na Oryol kiwo, ci karo a cikin aikin lambu kamar yadda ake sabawa nau'in iri-iri na hunturu.
Darajar ga dandano mai kyau, mai kyau kiyaye ingancin 'ya'yan itatuwa, barga yawan amfanin ƙasa, kyale manoma su dogara da ribar kuɗi na shekara.
Apples suna cinye sabo ne, dried, amfani da su don yin juices, jams, tsare, compotes. Bayani da kuma hoto na apple irin Bolotovskoe a cikin labarin.
Wane irin ne?
Apple Bolotovskoe - sanyi-resistant, hunturu, tare da kyau rigakafi sawanda yana da Vf gene, yin apple ya rigaya ga scab pathogen. Yawo.
Daga 1997 zuwa 2002 an gwada shi bisa tsarin shirin gwaje-gwaje na jihar. A 2002, ya shiga cikin Jihar Register.
Don irin itatuwan apple irin na hunturu sun hada da: Zavetny, Lada, Persiyanka, Rossoshansky da Jubilee ta Moscow.
Ruwan jini da ajiya
A apple itacen Bolotovskoe ne kai m. Mafi kyau nau'in pollinator shine kaka da nau'in hunturu.
Don ƙara rayuwar rayuwa (har zuwa watanni biyar daga ranar da aka kauce), ana sanya 'ya'yan itace a firiji.
Dama da aka zaɓa da zafin jiki a cikin ajiya zai tabbatar da cewa 'ya'yan Bolotovsky suna adana dandano na asali da mabukaci a duk tsawon rayuwarsu.
Bayani na iri-iri Bolotovsky
Crohn a cikin samfurori da ba a ba da madogarar rassan bishiyoyi, kusa da siffar mai siffar zobe tare da ƙananan fadada a cikin babba. Ƙananan rassan sun rabu da juna yayin ci gaba, sabili da haka kambi ba mai tsanani ba ne.
Girman tsawo sama da matsakaici. Saplings yayi girma da sauri, kuma tushen tsarin da ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren bishiyar ya ci gaba gaba daya.
Trunk akwati da kuma rassan tare da m barkashi. Shoots colorish launi, tare da karamin yawan gefen, faceted a giciye sashe.
Mafi girma yawan nauyin kore bishiyoyi daga cikin itatuwan Bolotovsky apple iri-iri suna wakiltar manyan, duhu kore ganyen dan kadan siffar elongated.
Ana amfani da kayan lambu sosai, mai yawa, m, saboda abin da foliage ya dubi wrinkled. A surface na ganye, zaune a kan farin ciki da kuma karfi petioles, m. Yankunan gefe suna ƙuƙwalwar kamala, ɓangaren sama yana da kuskuren karkata.
Fure-fure a kan dogon stalks, mai siffa mai sauƙi tare da ratsi mai tasowa, farar fata, ruwan sha a cikin mataki na bunkasa buds. A yayin da aka bude lambun da aka ware a daban. Ƙararruwan suna tashi sama da stigmas, ginshiƙan pistil ba trimmed.
Dama 'ya'yan itace mai dadi da m, mai dadi, mai dadiAbin da ya sa Bolotovskoe apple yana da nau'in kayan abinci. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne babba, ƙaddara, yana auna har zuwa 160 g.
Wadannan iri zasu iya ficewa mai kyau: Orlovsky Pioneer, Ekranny, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Orlinka da Aromatny.
Ƙididdigewa, a mataki na fasaha na fasaha greenish-yellow ko rawaya haske tare da farin tint.
A cikakke launi, launin ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda ya bayyana a kan kwasfa, kafa ta hanyoyi da yawa. Gilashin kwasfa ne mai laushi kuma baya da kakin zuma.
M jiki yana da kyau yawa, kodadde kore yawo. Tsarin yana da ƙarfi, lokacin farin ciki, madaidaiciya.
A wani ɓangare akwai bayyane, cewa gilashi na zurfin zurfin, rami. Dama ci a kan ma'auni biyar - 4, 27, Ƙwararren masu amfani da waje - 4, 3 maki.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
Hybrid iri-iri, horar da tun 1977. An samu godiya ga kokarin Cibiyar Nazarin Rukuniyar Rasha, wanda ke aiki a Orel. V. V. Zhdanov, Z. Mr. Serova, Yu I. I. Khabarov Kwararren masana kimiyya ne da jagorancin ilimi ke jagoranta Yevgeny Nikolayevich Sedymwanda ya yi aiki akan kiwo iri-iri Bolotovsky.
A cikin aikin noma, ana amfani da iri-iri na Skryzhapel da apple itacen 1924.
Yankin girma da rarraba
Daban-daban da suka dace da yanayin yanayin sanyi da kuma an gane cewa ya dace da kayan aikin masana'antu a yanayin yanayin damuwa Ƙasar tsakiya ta tsakiya.
Carries frosts zuwa-38C. A -42C matasa harbe sun lalace.
Ya dace da girma a yankuna tare da yanayin zafi, misali, a kudancin yankuna na Rasha Federation, Ukraine.
Har ila yau, don dasa shuki a cikin wannan yanki sune iri-iri masu dacewa: Golden Delicious, Malinovka, Starkrimson, Uslada da Kvinti.
Yawo
Yawan aiki ba shi da daidaituwa, tare da yanayin hawan sanyi a kowace shekara (idan a lokacin flowering flowering babu sanyi ko ruwan sama mai tsawo).
Muhimmanci! Tsayawa a girbi zai iya haifar da asarar hasara na 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda suka dace don ƙarin ajiya ko sayarwa kamar samfurin sabo ne, kamar yadda apples fara fadawa a cikin yawa.
Ƙarshe mai aiki ya fara daga shekaru 7-8 ci gaba da grafted seedlings.
Ɗaya itace mai girma yana iya bada har zuwa 200 kg apples a kakar. Tsarin fasaha na 'ya'yan itace ya faɗi a tsakiyar watan Satumba.
Hanyoyin Hrushovka, Shtriel, Aloe Early, Marat Busurin da Antonovka sunyi amfani da irin wadannan nau'o'in.
Dasa da kulawa
Agrotechnics girma apple iri dake Bolotovskie hali na al'adu.
Tsire-tsire da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa a ƙasa a farkon / tsakiyar / karshen watan biyu spring ko kaka - wata daya - daya da rabi kafin fararen sanyi da dare tare da sanyi a ƙasa.
Zabi wani wuri don dasa shuki a Bolotovsky apple sapling a karamin lambu, An ba da fifiko ga yankunan da aka yidaga wuraren da ke kusa da ruwa.
Da takin mai magani da aka gabatar a cikin dasa rami (takin, humus, peat, potassium sulphide, superphosphate, ash) zai samar da seedling da cikakken abinci a cikin dukan shekara ta girma.
Duk abin da yaro ya kamata a cikin watanni goma sha biyun bayan dasa shuki dace watering, loosening, kariya daga rodents da kwari.
Bolotovsky apples quite unpretentious a cikin kulawa. Ta hanyar tabbatar da dacewa da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire na bishiyoyi a lokacin ƙuruciyar, mai tsabta yana rage adadin matsalolin da ke faruwa tare da bishiyoyi da ke da "lafiyar" marasa lafiya saboda rashin kulawa a cikin shekaru biyar na ci gaba.
Abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata na agrotechnology:
- M tillage (loosening bayan ruwan sama da watering, kau da weeds).
- Gabatarwa da takin mai magani, wanda ya fara daga shekara ta biyu na cigaba (la'akari da abun da ke cikin ƙasa).
- Ana cire rassan lalacewa.
- Darajar kambi bayan daina tsutsa ruwan itace.
- Kariya daga gangar jikin daga rodents a cikin hunturu (yanyan ƙananan ɓangare na gangar jikin tare da haɗari mai haɗari daga itace mai kyau, ƙuƙwalwar waya a kan lakaran ƙuda, bambaro).
- Tsarin kariya akan konewa na gangar jikin da rassan skeletal (shinge tare da hessian, whitewash).
- Gwaji da katako, kamfanoni, tururuwa da sauran kwari.
Cututtuka da kwari
Bolotovsky itatuwan apple suna da kariya ga kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifarwa //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html.
Sauran nau'o'in cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya shafan apples:
- Mealy dew.
- Cytosporosis.
- Kwayoyin cuta ba.
- Milky haske.
- Fruit rot.
- Black ciwon daji
Kariya powdery mildew, bayyanarwar farko wadda aka gano ta hanyar bayyanar da fararen farin a kan launi, ta rabawa tare da Topaz ko Bordeaux ruwa a lokacin rassan rukuni, bayan flowering da bayan girbi, taimakawa.
Cytosporosis - cututtukan fungal, wanda ke shafar gashin bishiyoyin bishiyoyi, ba ya taɓa bishiyoyi da suka karbi rubutun daji (jan karfe chlorine) sau uku a cikin kakar.
Kwayoyin cuta ba tasowa daga baya na harin na matasa seedlings na kwayan cuta pathogenic al'adu. Daga gare ta labaran ya zama baƙar fata kuma ya bushe.
Domin kada ku zama tushen rashin fahimta na kamuwa da kamuwa da bishiyar da aka rigaya a cikin yanki, kada ku kawo kayan dasawa marasa kyau tare da lalacewa, launi.
Tsarin ci gaba Milky shinewanda aka bayyana ta hanyar iska a kan ganye da kuma aibobi masu duhu a jikin kututture, shine ciyar da bishiyoyi akai-akai tare da ƙwayoyin jiki masu mahimmanci, tsararrakin rassan rassan da suka biyo bayan raunuka.
Kariya 'ya'yan itace rotwanda ya juya apples a cikin wani inedible da kuma mara kyau samfurin, taimaka wannan magani Hom.
Black ciwon daji ƙaddara ta hanyar inverted, fashe itace da kuma yawa daga duhu spots a kan foliage. Wani ma'auni na rigakafi shine ya magance ƙuƙwarar ƙwayoyin da suke saran amfanin gona da kuma kara haɗarin haɓaka cutar.
Gwargwadon gwadawa shi ne yanyan yankunan da aka shafa, sa'annan sakon "penechki", suturar jan karfe sulfate bayan flowering ceases.
Babban iri kwari da apple itatuwa:
- Listovertka (kariya ta hanyar maganin nitrophen ko chlorophos).
- Aphid (yakin karbofos, fusion taba).
- Red Tick (taimaka rabu da mu dicofol, karbofos).
- Apple tawadar Allah (tsorata bayani na chlorophos ko zolone).
- Flower (magungunan magungunan kamar yadda yaƙin yaki da ja).
- Moth (magungunan magunguna kamar yadda yaƙin yaki da ja).
Duk da tarihin shekaru hamsin da kuma yawan masu fafatawa daga cikin sababbin iri, har yanzu apple na Bolotovsky yana da kyau a cikin masu aikin lambu.
Tun da sauti sanyi resistant, m zuwa scab pathogens, da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa ne dadi, da kyau kiyaye su, ana buƙatar samfurin don abubuwan da aka samu a sakin ruwan 'ya'yan itace da jams.
Watch bidiyo game da apple iri-iri Bolotovskoe.
