Hanyar innabi "Valentine" a kowace shekara yana jin dadin lambu tare da girbi mai kyau da m berries. Hannun sabanin amber na wasu lokuta sukan kai gagarumin karfin.
An yi la'akari da kasancewa daya daga cikin mafi kyawun ire-iren kasuwannin, an samu nasarar bunkasa ba kawai a cikin gonakin inabi masu sana'a ba, har ma a cikin gidajen lambun gida.
"Valentine" ba ta ba da umurni na musamman don kulawa kuma ya cancanci ya zama nau'in giya-giya iri iri.
Valentine iri-iri bayanin
'Ya'yan inabi "Valentine" yana nufin siffofin ingancin ganyayyaki tare da tsawon lokacin tsabta. Hakanan kalmomin suna mallaki ta Kyautar Zaporozhye, Valentine da Na farko da aka kira.
Dabbobi suna da dandano mai jituwa, kyakkyawa mai kyau, jimre ga wasu cututtuka da yawa wasu abubuwan amfani. 'Ya'yan inabi suna da kyau sosai, kuma, kamar Aminci, Krasin ko Tempranillo ya dace da yin ruwan inabi da juices.
Kwayoyin da ba su da kwarewa a wani lokaci sukan dame "Valentina" tare da iri-iri "Valentin" ("Androkos"). Wannan shi ne gaba daya daban-daban iri-iri, da berries abin da aka canza launin blue.
Bayyanar inabi
Inabi "Valentine" ne shahara ga karfi-girma shrubs da vines girma yadu. Irin nau'in bunches na inabõbi an cire shi ne, wanda aka ba da shi, a cikin ƙananan sashi.
Sakamakon ya bambanta a cikin manyan ƙwayoyi. Wasu samfurori na iya kai 40 cm cikin tsawon kuma 1.5 kg a cikin nauyi. Ƙungiyoyi masu yawa suna halayyar ainihin nau'ikan asali, Sanya da Merlot.
"Valentina" berries suna da kyau da kuma manya-manyan, yin la'akari har zuwa 16 g, har zuwa 26 mm fadi da har zuwa 44 mm tsawo. Halin 'ya'yan itacen yana elongated kuma dan kadan mai lankwasa.
Launi na berries shine rawaya na zinariya ko amber rawaya a rana. A fata akwai kyakkyawan "caulk", wanda aka dauke da siffar varietal na "Valentina". A kan ganga na berries tare da tsananin rana akwai haske launin ruwan kasa tan. Yawan iri na ripen a lokaci guda. Kwayoyin suna kusan ba batun batun fis ba.
Kayan ɓangaren 'ya'yan itace yana da kyau sosai kuma yana da alama ya narke a baki. Fata ne na bakin ciki, sauƙin cin abinci. Stone a cikin 'ya'yan itace - daga 1 zuwa 2 guda. A dandano na berries ne jitu tare da kadan ɗanɗanon sage. A ripened Berry yana da m nutmeg ƙanshi. Hanyoyin 'ya'yan itace - daga 5 zuwa 6 g / l, abun ciki na sukari - daga 16 zuwa 19%. Tare da dandanawa na kwararru, an ba da lambar yabo ta maki 8.6.
Galahad, Kuban da Strasensky kuma suna da babban ci gaba.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
'Ya'yan inabi "Valentine" - sakamakon sakamakon masu shayarwa ne. Ya.I. Potapenko Novocherkassk birnin.
Da iri-iri suna bred ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙwayar Muscat rani iri-iri da kuma matasan samu daga Arcadia da Jin dadi. "Valentine" yana nufin rufewa ko ɓoye-nau'in innabi. An girma a yankuna da yawa na Rasha, yana fitowa daga yankin Moscow zuwa Astrakhan, amma tare da tsari mai kyau don hunturu.
Halaye
Dabbobi suna samar da yawan amfanin gona da yawa a kowace shekara.Ya fara yin 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Berries tayi cikin kimanin kwanaki 140 daga farkon hutun rabu ko kadan a baya. Na farko fruiting ba shi da yawa, amma shekara ta gaba za ka iya tsammanin karuwa a yawan amfanin ƙasa na 1.5, ko ma 2 sau. Kayan inabi yana da kyau - daga 60 zuwa 75%. Mature matakai uku-kwata. A lokacin da pruning akan itacen inabi barin daga 8 zuwa 12 buds.
Furen "Valentina" sune bisexual, don haka wannan innabi mai ban sha'awa bazai buƙatar iri iri-iri ba.
Amethyst Novocherkassky, Angelica da Aladdin sun mallaki fure mai haske.
Da iri-iri na iya tsayayya da yawan zafin jiki na iska bai fi ƙasa ba -22 ° C. Tare da tsananin sanyi, wani ɓangare na kodan zai iya daskare, wanda yana barazana don rage yawan girbi na gaba. Sabili da haka, ana bada shawara don dakin inabi don hunturu.
Don yin wannan, a cikin rassan da aka yanke da ciwon rassan ciwon lafiya, sa'an nan kuma an shayar da shi sosai da cike daji. Kafin ingancin sanyi, daji an nannade shi a wani abu mai rufewa, ya rusa ƙasa ya rufe shi da ƙasa.
Wadannan iri kamar Isabella, Crystal da Marcelo na buƙatar tsari.
Da iri-iri ba sa son yawan laima.
Watering shi ana buƙata ne kawai a cikin bazara kuma a wancan lokaci lokacin da berries ke fara kawai don zuba ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Fata na 'ya'yan' 'Valentina' 'yana da bakin ciki sosai, don haka a lokacin da ake yin ruwa ko kuma a lokacin ruwan sama sosai, hakan yakan sa ya fashe. A sakamakon haka, an rage yawan inganci, transportability da rayuwar rayuwa na amfanin gona.
Tun lokacin da 'ya'yan inabi na "Valentine" suna da karfi, suna buƙatar babban wuri don bunkasa al'ada. Mafi kyau makirci na dasa shuki bushes - 4 zuwa 6 mita. Ramin zurfin ruwan teku a yankin dole ne a kalla mita 3 daga farfajiya na duniya, kamar yadda tushen inabi ya zurfi.
An bada iri iri "Valentine" a cikin bazara. Kula da inabõbi daidai yake da sauran nau'o'in: watering, pruning, fertilizing da tying. Daga takin mai magani, inabi sun fi son ma'adinai (superphosphate, gishiri da gishiri) da kwayoyin (itace ash, taki).
Hotuna
Cututtuka da kwari
Valentines inabi ba ji tsoron launin toka launin toka, da matsakaici ƙarfafa oidium da kyau juriya mildew. Tare da shan kashi na daji tare da oidium, launin toka-fari-launin yana bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, wanda ƙarshe ya wuce cikin inflorescences da gungu. Tare da ƙwaƙwalwar shan kashi mai karfi ya kasance an rufe shi da rigakafi kuma daga daji yana ƙanshi kamar kifi mai banza. Oidium zai iya halakar da mafi yawan amfanin gona.
Zaka iya yaki da cutar tare da taimakon hanyoyin sauƙaƙe na gaggawa da kuma tazarar shuka tare da shirye-shirye na musamman. Lokacin kula da inabõbi, yana da mahimmanci kada a bada izinin karfi daga cikin bishiyoyi da kuma samar da su da iska mai kyau.
Don yin wannan, kana buƙatar ka ci gaba da fitar da harbe, ka cire stepchildren kuma ka ɗauka itacen inabi. Kasar gona a kusa da shuka ya kamata a tsawaita a kai a kai da kuma kyauta daga weeds.
Don rigakafi da magani na oidium amfani da kwayoyi irin su colloidal sulfur, "Strobe", "Thanos", "Skor", "Bayleton", "Topaz", "Horus". Tsarin tsire-tsire suna ciyar sau uku a kowace kakar: a cikin bazara lokacin da tsirrai na matasa harbe 15 cm, kafin flowering da kuma lokacin 'ya'yan itace da aka saita a cikin fis. Don rage yawan adadin masu tasowa na oidium, an kuma bada shawarar yin aiki na kaka na inabõbi - bayan girbi.
Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ganye da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire dole ne a cire su kuma kone su don hana karawar cutar.
Tsarin kariya akan cututtukan innabi - anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis da rubella bazai cutar da tsire-tsire ba.
Duk wani nau'in innabi za a iya kaiwa ta hanyar kwari, kuma Valentine ba banda.
Phylloxera, grape pruritus, gizo-gizo mite, leafworm - wannan ba duka jerin cututtuka masu cutarwa da suke hadari ga shuka. Wadannan matakan suna da tasiri don kariya daga kwari:
- weeding, tsaftacewa na ganye bar, kau da lalacewar sassan shuka;
- thinning bushes don samun iska mai kyau;
- tsaftacewa da lalacewar tsofaffin cututtuka, wanda kwari zai iya ciyar da hunturu;
- trapping caterpillars da karin kwari;
- da amfani da amfani kwari da cewa ciyar da kwari.
Tare da shan kashi na bushes amfani da kwayoyi lamba ko tsarin tsarin:
- Phylloxera. A cikin hanyar phylloxera, Confidor, Actellic, Zolon ana amfani. Tare da shan kashi daga cikin asalinsu yana taimakawa ambaliyar ruwa na tushen gonar inabin tare da ruwa har zuwa makonni takwas. Hanyar mafi mahimmanci ita ce ta share gaba ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire a cikin kututtuka. Hanyar mafi inganci don karewa daga kwaro yana ci gaba da inabõbi a kan wani abu mai tushe phylloxero-resistant.
- Gizo-gizo mite Yin rigakafi na mite shi ne sauƙin kaurin weeds a karkashin bushes na inabõbi, inda kwari ke ci gaba. Don halakar da kwari ne tsirrai tsire-tsire "Fufanon" ko "Iskra-M". An fara yin gwajin farko a watan Mayu. A lokacin rani, ana yin amfani da shirye-shirye na sulfur wanda aka fi dacewa, wanda yayi aiki mafi kyau a zafin jiki na 22 ° C da sama.
- Ina son shan Don kare kullun, ana amfani da "Neoron", "Sunmite", "Omite", "Talstar", "Aktellik" da kuma shirye-shiryen sulfur. Ana gudanar da tsari a cikin bazara da kuma a cikin fall.
- Listovertka. Shirye-shiryen Spark-D, Konfidor, Fury, Kinmiks, Sherpa, Komandor sun taimaka wajen yaki da wannan kwaro. Ana shuka shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani. Cutar da tsire-tsire a cikin rassan kuma bazara daga tsohuwar haushi tare da gogewa mai tsanani yana da matukar tasiri wajen magance leafworm - har zuwa kashi 70 cikin dari na tsumburan hunturu na kwaro.
A kan ƙasa mai arziki a cikin yashi, phylloxera ba ya tsira.
'Ya'yan inabi masu ban sha'awa "Valentine" tare da fata mai zurfi suna kama da biki akan wasps. Da sauƙi suna yin busawa ta hanyar cikakke berries da kuma ciyar da su ɓangaren litattafan almara m, su sami damar halaka mafi yawan amfanin gona.
Matakan da suka fi dacewa don magance hadsai sune tarko tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, syrup ko giya, da aka sanya a kan shafin, ƙananan kayan aiki a kan tashe-tashen hankula da kuma lalata ƙugiyoyi.
Tsuntsaye suna so su ci cikakke inabi. Tsuntsaye na tsuntsaye sun fi so su ci kawai ruwan 'ya'yan itace ne kawai, don haka duk lokacin da suka kalli sabon berries,' ya'yan itatuwa da aka lalace suna kai farmaki a yanzu. Kare amfanin gona daga tsuntsaye ta hanyar amfani da raguwa, madubi da abubuwa masu juyayi. Amma waɗannan matakan suna ba da damar wucin gadi, kamar yadda tsuntsaye suke amfani dasu da sauri. Kamar yadda kwarewa ke nuna, ana kare kare inabi mafi kyau duka ta hanyar tarkon na tsuntsaye, wanda ke rufe gonar inabin.
Lokacin zabar inabi don shirinka, kula da iri-iri na Valentine. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, wannan iri-iri ne na iya kawo nauyin amfanin gona mai kyau amber berries a kowace shekara.
