Yana jure wa fari da kuma mai tsanani frosts - ceri iri Ashinskaya Stepnaya

Cherry Stepnaya Ashinskaya dauke da nasara matasan iri-iri tsakanin shrub da lambu cherries.

Shin yawan amfanin ƙasa, har zuwa 12 a kowace hectare.

Yana daya daga cikin mafi kyau iri zuwa ga dandano da ƙanshi.

Ashinskaya Cherry an dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi kyawun - bayanin irin iri-iri da hotuna daga baya a cikin labarin.

Daban-daban bayanin Stepnaya Ashinskaya

Features na steppe shrub ceri

Steppe ceri ya zo ne daga wani nau'i na plum. Yana da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire. Yi kyau ka fara yanayin yanayi na yanayi.

A cikin yankunan karkara, an ajiye su a gefen gefen daji na Pine, daji, daji, da kuma ragowar raga.

A halin yanzu, akwai ayyukan aikin noma a kan noma, gyare-gyare, ginawa da kuma kiwo da dabbobi masu girma.

Saboda haka, baƙar fata ba ta da damar samun sabon yankuna.

Abin mamaki yaduwa da harbe. Yana da ƙananan shrub a tsawo zuwa mita daya da rabi. Mafi sau da yawa 0.6-1,1 mita. Yana da ƙananan, dan kadan tashi, harbe tare da kananan matsa da kuma m elliptical ganye.

Cherry siffar bambancin dandana m tare da furci tartness. Sau da yawa cin abinci ne daga mazaunin matsayi. Berries a kan wani inuwa da dama tsanani - daga haske ja zuwa burgundy duhu. Ƙashi a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara a duka iyakar yana da kyau, ƙananan.

Cherry skoroplodnaya. A cikin 'ya'yan itace zai iya shiga na biyu ko na uku. Steppe ceri nasa ne da hunturu-hardy iri. Tsayawa sanyi mai sanyi mai sanyi daga 47 zuwa 55 digiri Celsius. Yana tsiro ne inda talakawa ba ya da tushe. Yana da babban fari haƙuri. Tree zai iya zama daga 20 zuwa 25 shekaru.

Ƙiji mai daɗi yana iya samun ginshiƙai masu yawa waɗanda suka shimfiɗa daga wani ɗan gajeren ɓangaren ko daga tushen tsarin.

Saboda haka, irin wannan ceri yana samuwa a cikin nauyin tsire-tsire. Itacen yana da ƙananan harbe tare da kananan ganye.

A cikin launi, suna da haske mai haske, masu launi a cikin siffar, mai haske. Furen sune fari ko m, sun taru a cikin uku ko hudu umbrellas ƙarya.

Matar sanda tsawon ba ya wuce mita 25. Lokacin flowering shine karshen watan Afrilu.

Cherries ba sa bukatar m agrotechnical matakan. Za a iya haɗuwa da mutuwar itace tare da wani digo daga cikin amfanin gona, ƙuntatawa ga samun karɓa, ƙwanƙasa kambi da rassan skeletal.

Tare da ƙananan ƙwayar 'ya'yan itace, mutuwar itace yana faruwa sau da yawa sau da yawa. Ana iya amfani dashi a matsayin shuka mai ornamental. Yau yana da wuya. An jera a cikin Red Book.

Differences na steppe shrub ceri daga lambu talakawa

• Steppe ceri yana da variegated da daban-daban siffofin cherries. Berry lambu ceri Oval tare da gefuna.
• Steppe ceri berries m, tare da furcin tartness. Garden cherry dandana softer. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari mai dadi, tare da dan kadan.
• Kwayar 'ya'yan kudan zuma yana da launi mai sauƙi - daga haske mai haske zuwa burgundy duhu. Kwayar gargajiya yana da inuwa mai haske, mafi yawa duhu ja.
• Ƙwarar ƙashi a duka ƙare nuna, ƙananan. A gonar - tare da zane mai haske, kauri 0.4 cm. Ƙunƙusassun kasusuwa suna da tsabta, ba sa sanya cututtuka a cikin rami na baki.
• A fruiting steppe ceri ya zo a kan na biyu ko na uku. A lambu ceri fruiting faruwa a kan 4 ko 5 shekara bayan saukowa yankan.
• Steppe ceri yana nufin zuwa hunturu iri iri. Yana kula da sanyi mai sanyi mai sanyi daga 47 zuwa 55 digiri Celsius. A cikin lambu ceri sanyi matsakaicin matsakaicihar zuwa kimanin digiri 48 na Celsius.
• Steppe ceri kiyaye su a kan gandun daji, gefe da ravines. Ana amfani da kayan lambu a cikin shirye-shiryen sirri, a gonakin lambu na masu son abincin, masana'antu da kuma gandun daji.
• Bishiyoyi da ƙwaƙwalwa za su iya rayuwa daga 20 zuwa 25 shekaru. Garden cherry itace - har zuwa shekaru 35.
• Gurasar Bush zai iya samun da dama manyan trunks wanda ya fita daga tushen tsarin ko karamin akwati. Garden cherry yana da daya babban akwati.
• Lokaci na flowering na asusun ceri cherry a karshen watan Afrilu. Flowering lambu ceri na faruwa a karshen watan Mayu.
• Steppe itace yana da kananan ganye. A cikin lambu ceri ganye ne ko da 2-3 sau karami.

Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo

An shigar da iri-iri a cikin rajista na kasa da kasa a farkon 2002. An yi la'akari da nasararsa. a matasan tsakanin steppe (daji) cherries da talakawa (lambu).

Mai samo asali shine YUNIIPOK (Cibiyar Nazarin Kudancin Kudancin Kudancin Noma da Dankali).

Masana kimiyya: Anastasia Efimovna Pankratova, Kabir Kadirovich Mullayanov, Vladimir Ilyich Putiagin, IG Zamyatin

Synonym na itace steppe: shrub.

Sake bugun nau'in iri-iri yana faruwa a duk hanyoyi masu zuwa: cuttings, harbe, rami da kuma grafting. Yana da kyau ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye na sirri, a cikin gonaki na masu kula da lambu, masu masana'antu da kuma gandun daji. Zaka iya saduwa da ita a Asia Minor da tsakiyar Turai.

An rarraba shi a ko'ina cikin Rasha da kasashe CIS. Itacen itace na kowa Ural, a Caucasus, Kuban, a yankin Volga, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov, Voronezh, Yaroslavl yankuna.

Wadannan iri kamar Turgenevka, Kharitonovskaya, Fairy da Chernokorka suna girma a cikin wadannan yankuna.

Cibiyar tana da sharuɗan mallaka na mallaka 92, takardun shaida, takardun shaida don abubuwan kirkiro da kuma cigaban kimiyya.

Masana kimiyya suna tasowa matakan daidaita matakan jigilar jurewa, juriya na sanyi, fruiting da yawan aiki.

Rashin launi na furanni da kuma bazara don kwantar da hankali da kuma karuwar rigakafi an shafe ta.

Matsayin da aka tsara don ƙirƙirar sararin samaniya, fasahar zamani, nasarar al'adu an bayyana. Shirye-shirye na Cibiyar suna da matukar muhimmanci ga masu kula da kayan lambu a duniya.

Bayyanar

Ka yi la'akari da bambancin ɓauren itacen 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itatuwa da kansu.

Tree

Ra'ayin kwatancin Ashinskaya cherry ne mai girma. Da iri-iri yana da kyakkyawar itace mai kyau, musamman a cikin babu fili na kambi. Tree yana da matsakaicin tsawo ya kai 2.6-3.1 mita a tsawo. Boom daidai 20-45 centimeters.

Shin itace da da sauri girma. A kambi na ceri ne lokacin farin ciki, cylindroconic a siffar, elongated. Yana da kyau foliage. Ba su da girma zuwa ga babban girma thickening.

Cunkurin yarinya ne, ba tare da fure ba. Launi ne launin ruwan kasa-launin toka tare da wata inuwa mai duhu. Tsayinta zai iya kai 30-45 centimeters. Ƙananan matakai da kadan. Koda ƙwanƙwasa, sosai tsawo, matsakaici a girman. Girma na koda yana da shimfidar wuri mai laushi.

A foliage ne mai yawa duhu greenish tint. Tsarin yana zagaye, kunkuntar, oblong, tare da ƙararrawa sama.

Yana da siffar takaice da tushe mai mahimmanci tare da biconcave gefen leaf. A tsawon, takardar ya kai 8 santimita m - 4 inimita.

Downiness ba ya nan. Yana da fitila mai laushi, mai laushi, wanda tushen anthocyanin yake. Gland amber-yellow, ovate-rounded, kananan. Launin yana da sassauci kaɗan, yana kai kimanin 1.8 centimeters. Stipules a cikin wannan nau'in ba su halarta ba.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari

Ashinskaya 'ya'yan itatuwa ceri m, babban. Oval a siffar da gefuna gefen. Ƙungiyar kwaskwarima na berries yana da tsayin daka zuwa saman. Tare da ceri akwai karamin tsagi. Layin labaran yana da rauni ƙwarai. A saman Berry ne na da tare da kunkuntar gilashi elongated. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a nauyi zuwa 4.1-4.9 grams.

Daukar wani inuwa mai shagon. Pulp burgundy tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai haske. Fata ne mai haske, mai yawa, amma sauƙin ci. Nauyin yana da taushi. Sakamakon 'ya'yan itace yana elongated, yana kai kimanin centimeters.

Da siffar madaidaiciya, kosospostavlennaya, na bakin ciki. Rarraban berries daga tushe na tushe bushe - ba tare da lalacewa da fatalwa ba. An bayyana bayyanar berries a kimanin maki 4.7 daga 5 yiwu.

Don dandana ceri mai dadi, tare da kadan sourness. M an dandana dandano cherries a maki 4.5 a cikin 5. Shin daya daga cikin mafi kyau iri dake dandana kuma m m ƙanshi.

Har ila yau, Ƙananan Manyan, Minx, Chocolate Girl da Shubinka suna nuna dandano sosai.

Dabbobi iri iri da ake kira kayan zaki. Amma yana nufin duniya.

An yi amfani dashi a cikin yunkurin tsirrai, tsayayye, juices juices, compotes. Broth berries amfani da gastralgia da zazzabi. Na gode da karamin adadin cobalt, nickel, jan karfe da baƙin ƙarfe, inganta Jihar kiwon lafiya da kuma samfurin jini.

Hanyoyin rashin rinjaye suna rinjayar jiki da anemia. Kyakkyawan tasiri a kan gastrointestinal fili. Cire kayan kwalliya daga jiki. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu launi. Fruit ɓangaren litattafan almara ya ƙunshi wasu kwayoyinidal abubuwa.

A dutse na berries ne taso keya tare da cream inuwa, 0.4 cm lokacin farin ciki. Tsawon ya kai 0.6 centimeters, nisa 0.5 centimeters.

Daidai rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara. Ƙunƙusassun kasusuwa suna da tsabta, ba sa sanya cututtuka a cikin rami na baki.

Gilashin dorsal yana da laushi mai kyau, ƙananan ciki shine matsakaici-santsi. Matsayin dutse ya bambanta daga 0.17 zuwa 0.20 grams. Daga taro na cherries ne 8-10%.

Hotuna

Halaye

Daban-daban iri ne don samar da jinsunan jinsin kansu. Za a iya yin zabe a wani ɓangare. Lokacin flowering na itacen ceri ne matsakaici, wanda aka tsara a lokaci. Flowering Mayu 20-31. Labaran yayi takaice. Furen suna dadi, tare da ƙanshi mai dadi, 5 ko 6 guda a cikin wani inflorescence.

Kwayoyin dabbobi suna da fadi, masu nisa, suna da fadi da wani ɓangare na sama. Don tabawa mai santsi, ba tare da shirka ba. Calyx kara zuwa saman, murmushi-dimbin yawa, yana da karamin aiki. Irin nau'in corolla shine ovate-saucer. Stamens suna tsaye sama da stigma na pistil.

Yawan stamens ya kai kashi 26. Ovary ba tare da furotin da karamar karamci ba. Nau'in flowering da yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Yawo barga, shekara-shekara, sosai high. 'Ya'yan marigayi ripening. Cikakken cikakken kai ne a farkon watan Agusta. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari tare da lokaci ɗaya ripening. Berry tare da ruwan sama mai nauyi yana da damuwa.

Wadannan iri suna da kyau mai kyau: Volochaevka, Vianok, Generous da Griot Moscow.

Fruiting faruwa don shekaru 4 ko 5 bayan dasa shuki da yanke. Kayan bishiyoyi ya ci nasara har zuwa shekaru 35.

Yawan aiki ya bambanta daga 8 zuwa 10 kilo daga kowane itace. Daga daya hectare na inabin da aka girbe daga 10 zuwa 12 ton na girbi.

Bishiya jure yanayin fari. Tsarin sanyi yana da matsakaicin matsakaici, har zuwa kimanin digiri 48 na Celsius.

Tsayayya ga tsaguwa mai tsanani fruitful koda a lokacin hunturu - matsakaita. Juriyar inflorescences da buds zuwa karfi frosts a lokacin bazara ya dan kadan sama da talakawan.

Daskarewa daga tushen tsarin ya kai maki uku.

Wani fasali na iri-iri shine gyarawa mai saurin sabunta tsarin bayan daskarewa daga ruwan sanyi mai sanyi.

Dasa da kulawa

Bambancin bambancin yana faruwa a duk hanyoyi masu tasowa.: cuttings, harbe, duwatsu da grafting. Hanyar mafi sauki ita ce haifuwa ta saplings. Tun da wuri Yuni, lambu shirya harbe. Zaɓi launin m, mai laushi a tushe.

Dogon lokacin da aka sare ya kamata ya wuce talatin santimita. A pruning kanta an yi da yamma ko da safe. Zai fi kyau a zabi yanayi mai kyau. Yanke stalks nan da nan sanya shi cikin ruwa. Domin fitowar tushen tsarin amfani sunadarai masu tasowa.

Kyakkyawan dacewa heteroauxin. Bayani 100 ml diluted ruwan sanyi da kuma barazanar ethyl. Yanke cututtukan da aka daura da kuma tsoma a cikin cakuda a ƙara 1 lita na goma sha takwas hours.

Komawa ta harba ya kamata ya wuce santimita 1.5. Don ƙudura wannan hanya, zaka iya saya shirye-shiryen da aka shirya a cikin kasuwanni ko bazaars.

An shirya ƙasa don dasa shuki a gaba. Yana biye tono, cire ƙwayoyi kuma yi a cikin gadaje. An rufe ɗakunan peat da yashi a Layer na 10 cm Top zuba m yashi yashi. All layers suna hada kai tare da kayan aiki da kuma sauƙaƙe.

Sa'an nan kuma kuna buƙatar yalwa da ruwa a kan ƙasa da kuma ciyar da superphosphate - ma'adinai na ma'adinai.

An dasa shuki a tsaye. A nisa tsakanin seedlings ya zama ba kasa da 7 centimeters ba. Zurfin saukowa - ba fiye da 3 centimeters ba. Anyi amfani da itatuwa na gaba da filastik filastik, wanda ke ba da kula da kariya daga yawan hasken rana.

Don matasa seedlings ya kamata kula da ban ruwa na sprayer. Kwanaki 14 bayan dasa, tsire-tsire masu tsatsauran ra'ayi ya kamata su bayyana a cikin seedling. Bayan kwanaki 30 - wuya kafe.

Cututtuka da kwari

Yana da babban juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban. Tsara barga zuwa coccomycosis. Sauran cututtuka na fungal, ba a lura da wasu raunuka ba.

Bisa ga bayanan gwajin daga Cibiyar Nazarin gwagwarmaya ta Moscow (MOIP), iri-iri Ashinskaya cherry shi ne mafi kyau magance kwari da cututtuka.

Dessert Morozova, Zhukovskaya, Igrushka da Lebedyanskaya sunyi maganin wasu cututtuka.

Babu cututtukan da kwari da cututtuka daban-daban suka gano.

Kammalawa Ashinskaya Cherry steppe yana da kyakkyawan dandano, m berries na haske launi. Ana amfani dashi a masana'antu don shirya kayan juices, jams, mousses. Yana da daidaitattun amfanin gona da kuma girke-girke guda ɗaya na cherries. Ƙwararrun lambu don namun daji marasa amfani.

Sake haifuwa yana faruwa a duk hanyoyi masu tasowa. Yana da babban juriya ga fari da cututtuka daban-daban. A iri-iri ba mai saukin kamuwa ga coccomycosis. Zai iya kai 'ya'yan itace 4 ko 5 shekaru bayan saukarwa yankan. Yana da dogon lokaci adana itace - har zuwa shekaru 35. An rarraba shi a ko'ina cikin Rasha da kasashe CIS.

Watch bidiyo game da shrub (steppe) irin cherries