Red currant Ya bambanta da baƙar fata ba kawai a cikin launi da dandano ba, amma har ma a cikin halaye na aikin injiniya da kuma noma.
Currant Red Andreichenko Ya mallaki abubuwa masu yawa.
Ana amfani da berries, ganye da harbe a magani na gargajiya.
Wannan iri-iri ne cikakke don aiki a kan jelly da jam, kuma an sau da yawa cinye sabo ne.
Bayanai masu bayanin iri Andreichenko
Bush tsawo na 1-1.5 m, ba sosai sprawling, taso keya, densely leafy. Ganye suna da tsintsiya, mai karfi, madaidaiciya, duhu orange a launi, mai santsi, m, tare da launin toka-kore.
Bar biyar-nuna, ƙananan, duhu kore, dan kadan wrinkled, m, m a ƙasa.
Berries kyakkyawa babban, suna auna 0.5-1 g, mai haske ja, zagaye, taru a cikin wani karamin m goga.
A ƙarshen buroshi, berries sun fi ƙanƙara, sun yi raguwa a unison, ba su ɓacewa a lokacin overripe. Naman yana da dadi sosai, mai dadi, mai dadi, tare da ɗan ƙarami da manyan tsaba. Fata ne na bakin ciki, amma m. An kawo shi sosai, amma an adana shi don ɗan gajeren lokaci, game da makonni 2.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Wannan iri-iri ya bayyana a farkon farkon 50s. arni na karshe, a sakamakon sakamakon irin yadda ake amfani da shi na Red Cross. Masu sintiri na Ofishin Jakadancin Novosibirsk I.V. Shpileva, D.A. Andreichenko da A.I. Degtyarev.
An zana iri-iri a 1987 a cikin Ural, Mid-Volga da Siberia. Yana da gaske hunturu hardy iri-iri, kuma godiya ga wannan, an girma a ƙasar dukan tsohon Amurka. Wannan iri-iri ya sami rinjaye mafi girma a yankuna tare da yanayi mara kyau, kuma ana samunsa ba a Rasha kawai ba, har ma a Belarus da kuma Baltic States.
A cikin waɗannan yankuna, ba kawai launin red currants suna girma a cikin gidãjen Aljanna, amma har da baki, irin su Bagira, Belorusskaya sweet, Grossaya, Gulliver da Dachnitsa iri.
Halaye
A iri-iri ne tsakiyar kakar. Cikakken fararen berries yana faruwa a tsakiyar watan Yuli, amma zasu iya zama a kanji na kimanin wata daya.
Fruiting daji farawa a shekaru 2 bayan da aka watsar. Wannan nau'i ne mai ban sha'awa, tare da kulawa mai kyau daga wani daji zai iya tarawa zuwa kilo 6 na berries.
Bugu da ƙari, iri-iri yana da tsayayya sosai ga sanyi. A farkon flowering zai iya tsayayya har ma da muhimmanci sanyi, ba tareda žata buds da harbe. Daban kai-iri-iri kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin zabe. Berries suna da kyau don aiki da amfani da sabo.
Daga berries na wannan iri-iri da suka dafa kyakkyawan jam, musamman a hade tare da apples daga cikin wadannan iri: Golden Summer, Malt Bagaevsky, Mantet, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Medunitsa, Elena da 'yar Melba.
Dasa da kulawa
Gudun wuri ya kamata a yi kyau, tare da matakan ƙasa, wanda ke kare daga iska mai ƙarfi. Dabbobi ba su jin tsoron yanayin sanyi, amma harberan harbe a gindin daji zai iya fita daga iska. Ya kamata yayi mãkirci, ba mai rauni, ba tare da shading ba.
Lokacin mafi kyau zuwa ƙasa wannan zai kasance farkon kaka, karshen watan Satumba. A lokacin da dasa shuki da yawa bushes, da nisa tsakanin su ya kasance akalla 1.5 m.
Shirya ƙasa a gaba.
Game da wata daya kafin dasa shuki, shafin yana da kyau, sai an cire weeds, musamman ciyawar alkama da shuka sarƙaƙƙiya, kuma ana amfani da takin mai magani da ma'adinai: 5-6 kilogiram na naman alade ko takin, da kuma 1 tbsp. l potassium sulfate da superphosphate da square mita. m
Idan kasar gona ta zama acidic, to lallai dole ne ya zama lemun tsami.
2 makonni kafin dasa shuki, zaka iya tono rami, 50 * 50 cm cikin girman. Ramin da aka shirya don 2/3 na jujjuya ya cika da cakuda saman kasan ƙasa, 2 takin ko takin humus, tare da karawa 3 tbsp. l superphosphate, 2 tbsp. l potassium sulfate da 0.4 kilogiram na itace ash. Daga sama sama da wanka mai tsabta na tsabta, siffar ƙasa, zuba ruwa da kyau kuma fara dasa shuki a cikin kwanaki 2-3.
An dasa shi a hankali a cikin rami da aka shirya kuma an binne shi, tam da tamping kasar gona. Currant ya fi son binne dan dan kadan, dacewa, don inganta cigaba. Bayan dasa shuki a kusa da shuka yi zurfin rami, an shayar da shi kuma ya cike da wani lokacin farin ciki na peat ko humus. Nan da nan, ana aiwatar da fure-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire: dukkanin rassan suna dafa, suna barin tsawon 10-15 cm Duk da juriya sanyi, a farkon hunturu bayan dasa shuki, an yi amfani da ƙwayar daji da kuma nannade.
Na farko shekaru uku kula ja currant ya ƙunshi watering, weeding da sassauta ƙasa da samuwa mai dacewa. A farkon lokacin bazara, zaka iya ciyar da daji tare da kwayoyin (6-7 kg na humus da mita mita) da kuma ma'adinai (20 grams na urea da potassium sulfate da 100 grams na superphosphate da mita mita) takin mai magani. A karkashin hunturu kawai takin gargajiya ake amfani.
Lokacin da yake da shekaru hudu da haihuwa, adadin taki ya ƙaru: 10 kilogiram na humus, 30 grams na urea da potassium, da 100 grams na superphosphate da mita mita. m a spring. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin 'ya'yan itace suna samar da karin abinci, akalla sau 4 a lokacin girma.
Na farko irin wannan saman miya ciyar kafin flowering, na biyu - at bayyanar ovaries, bayan makonni 2 - na uku da bayan girbi - na huɗu. Ga na farko, zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci na musamman don amfanin gona na Berry. Don na hudu, superphosphate da potassium sulfate (2 tbsp a kowace guga na ruwa) zai zama mafi alhẽri.
Very muhimmanci da foliar miya. Zai fi kyau su ciyar da su a lokacin flowering da kuma lokacin da aka samu ovaries.
Saboda haka zaka iya amfani da girma da kuma samar da kayan 'ya'yan itace. Zai fi kyau a gudanar da irin wannan magani a lokacin bushe, da safe ko da yamma.
Red currant yana buƙatar bukatun yau da kullum, musamman ma a bushe da zafi. Ana kulawa da hankali ga watering a lokacin na farko da kuma bayan girbi. A iri-iri na currant Andreichenko ne quite fari-resistant, amma tare da rashin danshi, da berries zama ƙananan, bushe, da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa ya sauke sharply.
Bugu da ƙari, dasa, suna gudanar da kullun daji da yin gyaran daji. Zaka iya ciyar da shi duka a spring da kaka. Don shekaru 2-3 bayan dasa, an fara yin pruning na tsari: dukkan rassan ya raunana kuma girma kusa da ƙasa an cire, yana barin 4-5 karfi.
Ba shi yiwuwa a rage rassan - wannan zai rage rage girbi a gaba mai zuwa.
Tsufa-tsufa pruning farawa shekaru 7 bayan dasa. Dukkanin rassan rassan unproductive sun yanke, maye gurbin da sabon, matasa harbe. Tsawon tsawa da kulawa da kyau na ja currants zai iya rage haɗarin cutar.
Cututtuka da kwari
Daga cikin yawancin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na jan currant Andreichenko za'a iya gano su kuma da yawa rashin ƙarfi: mai saukin kamuwa ga rauni da anthracnose da gall aphids.
Anthracnose Ana nuna currant a cikin bayyanar a kan ganyayyaki na karamin dige. Suna sauri girma, haɗuwa da kuma haifar da bushewa da fadiwa. Anthracnose harbe kuma za a iya shafa. Yanayi mafi kyau ga bayyanar cutar shine babban zafi da yanayin dumi.
Don magance wannan cuta, a farkon spring, daji ne bi da tare da jan karfe sulphate ko nitrafen bayani. Anyi amfani da magani na biyu kafin flowering, ta amfani da 1% colloidal sulfur. Bayan kwanaki 10-12 - na uku. An yi wa spraying na karshe bayan daukan berries ta amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux 1%.
Daga cikin cututtuka na lambu, anthracnose, bacteriosis, chlorosis, rubella da kwayar cutar carcinoma sun fi yawa. Za ka iya samun fahimtar matakan da suke yi na rigakafi a cikin shafukan yanar gizon mu.
Wani lokaci sa kuma Andreichenko za a iya farmaki da ganye aphids. Kuna iya ganin larvae a gefen ɓangaren ganye, inda ƙananan red swellings ya zama. Anyi lalacewa ya bushe da sauri kuma ya fadi.
A matsayin matakan gwagwarmayar, a farkon spring, ana bi daji tare da karbofos (40 grams da guga na ruwa). Tsarawa da tsire-tsire da aka samu tare da bayani na sabulu ko yaduwar yarnuwa yana taimakawa sosai. Zaka iya amfani da ƙurar taba ko kirfa. Duk abin da ya shafa da harbe dole ne a yanke kuma kone su.
Don kauce wa kai hari na wannan kwaro, yana da kyawawa don dasa kayan lambu da yawa na tafarnuwa ko tumatur kusa da lambun daji. Har ila yau, wajibi ne don saurin sassauta ƙasa, tsabtace ɗakunan da aka fadi kuma a hankali kuyi ƙasa a cikin fall.
Daban-daban na ja currant "Andreichenko" yana da yawa dacewa:
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- babban dandano;
- kyau gabatarwa;
- hunturu hardiness;
- precocity.
Abubuwa marasa amfani sosai kadan:
- rashin amincewar anthracnose;
- wani lokaci ana iya kai hari ta gallic aphids.
Red currant "Andreichenko" cikakke don dasa shuki a ɗakin rani, kuma tare da kulawa mai kyau zai ba da yawan amfanin gona na yau da kullum.
Ya kamata ku kula da irin wadannan nau'in jan currants, kamar Natalie, Jam kuma ƙaunataccena.
