Abinda ke da kyau da kuma abincin da ba'a iya mantawa da kayan lambu a cikin lokutan flowering sun kasance da sha'awar da mawaki suka bayyana wannan abin ban mamaki a cikin launuka daban-daban da launuka.
Hakika, wannan sirri, itace mai kyau, tare da dasa shuki da kulawa mai dacewa zai iya ba da mai farin ciki ga mai shi.
A cikin bazara, wadannan furanni masu ban sha'awa ne waɗanda ke cika filin kewaye da ƙanshi, a lokacin rani - m, ruby berries, kayan ado mai kyau na kowane lambun, kuma, hakika, abubuwan da ke da dadi sosai kuma suna ba da farin ciki ga manya da yara.
A takaice dai, ceri wata shuka ce wadda ta fi dacewa ta kasance a kowane lambun, daga kudancin yankunan zuwa yankunan da ke da yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi. Saboda wannan dalili, ta cancanci samun ƙaunar da yawa daga cikin lambu suka yi girma a kan makircinsu.
A halin yanzu, mai yawa yawan adadin cherries, wanda aka yi nufi don namo a wasu yanayi.
Daya daga cikin su shine Belarusian cherries Vianok, wanda aka bambanta da unpretentiousness da high yawan amfanin ƙasa, cikakken bayanin irin halaye da hotuna na 'ya'yan itace daga baya a cikin labarin.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Tsarin haƙƙin mallaka na wannan iri-iri ne na ƙungiyar Cibiyar Harkokin Noma ta Cibiyar Ilimin Kasa ta Belarus, wato, ma'aikatansa: E.P. Syubarova, R.M. Sulimova, M.I. Vyshinskaya da TS Wide
Ana amfani dashi azaman misali na iyaye. sa "Novodvorskaya".
A cikin Rasha, don gabatar da gwaji, "Vyanok" an gabatar da shi a shekara ta 2004, inda ya nuna godiya ga kyakkyawan halaye masu dandano, yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsauraran hunturu, da sauri ya zama sananne sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun baya bayan bayyanarsa.
Irin waɗannan nau'o'in irin su Morozova Dessert, Generous da Zhukovskaya suna shahara.
Appearance Cherry Bream
Yi la'akari da bayyanar itace da 'ya'yan itace.
Tree
"Vyanok" yana nufin zuwa maki na ji Manufar duniya na matsakaicin lokacin maturing. Bishiyoyi bambanta da tsayi da babba, samun dan kadan hawan kambi na matsakaici, siffar pyramidal. Tsawancin tsire-tsire masu girma sune daga 2.5 zuwa 3.0 m.
Kharitonovskaya, Fairy da Chernokorka ma sun kasance cikin nau'ikan ji.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
'Ya'yan itãcen wannan ceri ba manya-manyan ba, nauyin nauyin berries shine kimanin 4 grams, zagaye, m, m, arziki burgundy hue. Rabuwa daga tushe - sauki, ba tare da danshi ba.
Dutse - ƙananan, kamar 3.1 - 5% na jimlar yawan tayinfitar da shi ba tare da kokari ba.
An rarrabe jikin jan mai duhu ta matsakaici mai yawa, mai girma juiciness, yana da dandano mai dadi tare da miki.
Launi na ruwan 'ya'yan itace yana nufin griots ko moreli, yana da ruwan' ya'yan itace mai duhu. Gwaran cin abinci na 'ya'yan itatuwa - maki 4.5. Wannan rukunin ya hada da Griot na Moscow, Volochaevka da Vladimirskaya.
Fruiting shuke-shuke ya auku daga shekara ta uku na gidansa a cikin wani wurin zama na dindindin. Cikakke cikakke yana faruwa a tsakiyar lokacin rani (a Yuli).
Hotuna
Halaye na iri-iri
Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke amfani da su iri iri "Bream" shine dandano mai kyau. Abincin sinadaran 'ya'yan itace kamar haka:
| Yawan | Haɗuwa |
|---|---|
| Ƙananan kashi na kwayoyin halitta | 11,4 % |
| Adidir acid | 1,1 % |
| Sahara | 7,82 % |
| Ascorbic acid | 5.2 MG / 100 g |
| Pectin | 0,47 % |
Bugu da ƙari, yana da girma mai yawa na kimanin ton 13 a kowace hectare.
Yawancin da ake kira Black Large, Nadezhda da Rossoshanskaya Black sun nuna yawan amfanin gona.
Wannan sakamakon ya ba saurin tasowa 5 x 3 mta amfani da daji ceri rootstocks, kuma kyau hardiness hunturu, yale igiya ta amince da wanzuwa yanayin zafi, har da wadanda ba su da kyau.
Mayak, Novella da Yenikeev Memories sun mallaki karuwar haihuwa.
Shawara mai amfani: Goma na gaba na cherries da yawa ya dogara ne akan ƙayyadaddun taro na berries. Idan ka yanke su a bunches, za ka iya lalata reshe na bouquet, a cikin yanayin da 'ya'yan itace na gaba ya dogara.
Daga cikin halaye masu kyau na iri-iri "Windmills" yana da daraja. jure cututtuka da kwari. Wannan ceri kadan kula da coccomycosis da moniliasis. Differs a simplicity da unpretentiousness a agrotechnology.
Resin, Tsarevna Felt da Morozovka sun nuna rashin amfani a cikin namo.
Dasa da kulawa
Don ƙwaro su ji daɗi sosai a gonar kuma suna ba da 'ya'ya a kowace shekara, yarda da dokokin dasa shi yana da muhimmanci. Dole ne a sanya kananan bishiyoyi a kan ƙasa da kariya mai kyau. Mafi mahimmanci na wurinsa: ƙananan tuddai a kudu maso gabas ko kudu maso yammacin ɓangaren gonar.
Cherry ne mai kyau ƙasa launi mai laushi da haske, tare da iska mai kyau da kuma iyalan ruwa.
Lokacin da yayi girma a ƙasa mai nauyi, zai yi girma a hankali kuma yana samar da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Sandstone ba ma da kyau ga wannan shuka.
Cherry yana da ciwo mai zurfi a kansu, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ba shi da lokacin yin shiri don lokacin hunturu.
Peatlands ba su dace da dasa ba saboda hawan acidity da sanyi. Wato, a cikin wannan yanayin itace yana buƙatar gudanar da dukkanin ƙarin matakan fasaha.
Mai nuna alama na ƙasa da ruwa shine 6.5 - 7.0, zurfin wuri na ruwan teku yana daga 1.5 zuwa 2.0 m.
- Saukowa
Cherry mafi dace dace dasa shuki. Ana shirya tudun rami don wannan. Girman kusan 70 - 80 cm, tare da zurfin 60 cm.An rufe kasan da Layer na ƙasa mai baƙar fata tare da kara da ƙananan takin gargajiya ko gurasar da ba ta da kyau (babu fiye da 15-30 grams kowace itace). An kara ƙwayar itacen wuta ko ƙwayar man fetur a can.
Yana da muhimmanci: ba mai juyayi, lemun tsami, da takin mai magani a nitrogen a cikin rami lokacin da ba a iya dasawa ba!
Gilashin tushen yana samuwa a ƙasa, la'akari da cewa daga baya zai zauna ta kusa da 2-5 cm.Ya kamata a yanke itacen ƙirar. A lokaci guda, manyan rassan da mai jagorar suna taqaitaccen ta 1/3 na tsawonsu.
- Top dressing
Lokacin da aka dasa rami mai kyau "cika" a farkon shekara ta biyu da na biyu na rayuwa, ana ciyar da ƙwayoyi matasa tare da ammonium nitrate a cikin adadin 15-30 g da ganga.
Bayan farkon fruiting (na 3-4 shekaru), 4-6 kg na takin gargajiya, 9 g na potassium da nitrogen da 6 g na phosphorus an kara da 1 square mita na kambi a cikin tsinkaya. Ana ciyar da wannan sau sau ɗaya kowace shekara 4.
A cikin fall, ana amfani da ceri tare da phosphorus da potassium, suna kawo su lokacin da suke tono a cikin itace. Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da zafin jiki wanda za'a iya amfani dasu tare da magungunan kashe qwari suna da tasiri sosai ga wannan al'ada.
- Watering
Cherry yana da wuya a sami isasshen ruwa. Musamman a hankali ya kamata a kula da shi lokacin lokacin girma da ripening 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Idan babu ruwan hazo, an shayar da shi nan da nan bayan fitowar furanni, wani wuri a cikin watan Mayu, farkon Yuni, to, a rabin rabin Yuni, makonni 3-4 bayan flowering, kuma a Yuli, idan ya cancanta.
Ya kamata a tuna da cewa yawancin ruwa a lokacin wannan lokacin zai iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa ripening berries zai crack kuma rasa su gabatarwa.
Don ƙwaƙwalwar da za ta jure wa hunturu na sanyi, a cikin yanayin bushe dole ne a shayar da shi daga watan Satumba zuwa farkon Oktoba. Yaduwar ruwa: 50-60 lita ta mita 1, zuwa zurfin kimanin 40 cm.
- Pruning
Don samun girbi mai kyau na dadi da m berries, cherries bukatar a da kyau yanke. Yi haka kafin tada kodan, a farkon kwanakin bazara. Trimming ne da za'ayi a hanyoyi biyu: ta thinning ko rage.Tunawa yana kawar da raunana, rassan da ke da ƙwayoyin cuta suna girma cikin jagorancin da ba daidai ba. Lokacin da ya rage, ɓangare na ci gaba an cire, wanda shine mai kara kuzari domin inganta shuka. Trimming kada ta kasance mai karfi.
Bugu da kari, farkon shekaru biyar na shekaru 5-6 ne kawai aka tsara don hana raguwa da girma da ƙananan matasa da karuwa a lokacin 'ya'yan itace.
Gilashin tushen yana samuwa a ƙasa, la'akari da cewa daga baya zai zauna ta kusa da 2-5 cm.
Don samun girbi mai kyau na dadi da m berries, cherries bukatar a da kyau yanke. Yi haka kafin tada kodan, a farkon kwanakin bazara. Trimming ne da za'ayi a hanyoyi biyu: ta thinning ko rage.Cututtuka da kwari
Bambanci "Vyanok" an dauke su da kyau ga mafi yawan cututtuka. Kuma, mafi mahimmanci, yana da damuwa ga babban abokin gaba - coccomycosis, wanda yake nuna kanta a cikin nau'i na kananan launuka masu launin launin ruwan kasa da launin launin ruwan kasa da ke nunawa a kan ganyayyaki da launin fure-fuka-fuka-fuka, wanda ke fitowa a kan kasa.
A sakamakon haka, ganye ya bushe kuma ya fadi, kuma lokacin da aka kula da cutar, an zubar da ganye a watan Yuli, saboda bishin bishiya ba zai iya tsira ba har ma da sanyi sosai.
Kwayar cutar ta lalacewa ta hanyar naman gwari wanda ke zaune a cikin ganye da aka fadi a saman duniya a kusa da shuka. A cikin idon ruwa, ana kwashe ganimarsa ta gonar kuma ta yada kananan ganye.
Tsayayya ga coccomycosis na iya kara alfahari Ashinskaya, Tamaris, Podbelskaya, da Lebedyanskaya.
Don hana ci gaban wannan cututtukan, dole ne a gudanar da aiki mai wuya na cherries a daidai lokacin. Lambar su ya zama akalla 4 a kowace shekara:
- 1st - a farkon spring, kumbura kodan. Ana amfani da masu amfani da haɗin gwiwar yin amfani da su (Bordeaux liquid, made, copper oxychloride, da dai sauransu).
- 2nd - a farkon lokacin flowering. Shirye-shiryen tsarin tsarin ("Skor", "Topsin M").
- 3rd - nan da nan bayan kammalawa.
- 4th - makonni biyu bayan 3rd.
Cherry kuma za a iya sarrafa bayan girbi berries, lokacin da aka kai hari ta aphids.
Domin mafi kyawun sakamako, dole ne a canza magunguna da aka yi amfani dashi. Har ila yau yana da kyau a yi amfani da cakuda lamba da kwayoyi masu magunguna ko hada salutattun kwayoyi tare da kwari da kwari. Kyakkyawan haɗuwa: "Skor", da coccomycosis da "Fufanon" daga aphids.
A takaice dai, bisa ka'idojin dasawa da kulawa mai kyau, ceri "Vyanok" da kyau sunyi tushe a kowace gonar. A lokaci guda, ana iya girma a yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi. Kuma bayan haka, bin dokoki masu sauƙi na agrotechnology, rike tsarin mulki mai kyau na takin gargajiya da ruwa, wannan al'ada mai ban sha'awa za ta faranta kowace shekara tare da albarkatun kyawawan kayan lambu, m da dadi.
Idan kuna neman nau'o'in da suke da wuri, ku kula da irin nau'ikan zane na Morozova, Resin ko Podbelskaya.
Dubi bidiyo game da nau'in cherries.
