Pachypodium - ainihin asali. Ya yi kama da itacen dabino da cactus, kuma furanni ba shi da kyau da kyau fiye da ma'anar 'ya'yan flowering na flora.
Zaka iya samun shuka a hanyoyi da dama - ko da girma daga tsaba. Kuma kulawa da furen pachypodium ba mai rikitarwa ba ne - yana jin mai girma a ɗakin ɗakin.
Intrigued? Sa'an nan kuma ba zai ji ciwo don samun masaniya da tsire-tsire ba kuma a cikin karin bayani don fahimtar siffofin kula da shi.
Alamar da bayanin
Pachypodium ko a Latin Pachypodium ya fito ne daga iyalin Kutrovye kuma yana da kyau a cikin itace ko shrub. A cikin dakin al'ada, ya fito ne daga wurare mai zafi na Ostiraliya, kudancin Afrika da kuma Madagascar. Mutanen da suka yi wannan maƙarƙashiya sun sami sunan laƙabi "Madagaskar sand", ko da yake ba shi da wani abu da dabino. Sai kawai bayyanar da yayi girma, idan tsayi mai tsayi, spiny kara kambi mai tsawo, yana nuna alama da wannan itace mai zafi. Sunan Latin sunan shuka ya fito ne daga kalmar "kitsen kafa", wanda ya nuna girman girman tayi.
A yanayi, jinkirin ɓarna a wani lokaci yakan kara zuwa 10 m, yayin da a ɗaka yana iya girma zuwa 30 cm (matsakaicin wasu nau'in) ko har zuwa m 1.5. Kana iya sha'awar "abokiyar" don Shekaru 15 ko ya fi tsayi dangane da yanayin tsare.
Wadansu masoya suna lura da launi na fure a cikin yanayin kamara tare da euphorbia, kuma wannan basa bace ba ne. Shuka ma guba da haɗari Duk da haka, ruwan 'ya'yan itace ba ya bar ƙonewa akan fata. Duk da haka, ya fi kyau don kaucewa haɗuwa da satar kwayar, da hankali a sake tsabtace bishiyar kuma sanya shi daga yara da dabbobi don kada su cutar da kansu tare da filaye masu tsabta.
Kwayoyin "Madagascar palm" suna da sauki kuma suna girma daga ainihin gangamin. Gashin itace yana da matukar farin ciki, kuma ya rufe shi da ƙuƙwalwa mai tsabta. Ana fure furanni a cikin goga, dusar ƙanƙara-fari, maimakon babban siffar tubular. Suna bayyanawa da farin ciki ga mai sayad da furanni don kyakkyawa, sun fi yawa a lokacin rana.
Dabbobi
Akwai akalla iri iri 20 na wannan ban mamaki. A cikin gida floriculture za a iya samun:
- Pachypodium Lamer, ko a Latin Pachypodium lamerei Drake - Wannan itacen yana da kyau a al'adun gida. Mai girma, wani lokaci ana rakawa, ya kasance tare da prickles da koren ganye mai duhu wanda ke haifar da wata maɓalli a samansa ya sa shuka ya zama mamba na jinsi. Furen suna da kirim mai tsami ko launin ruwan hoda mai launin damuwa da diamita har zuwa 11 cm. An shirya spines a kan tubercles da aka shirya a cikin karkace - 3 guda kowannensu. A cikin dakin, wannan wakilin flora yana girma zuwa 50 cm.
- Pachypodium Zhaya, in ba haka ba ana sani da Pachypodium geayi - Itacen itace har zuwa 60 cm a tsawo tare da babban akwati mai rufe da "allura". Very kama da P. Lamer. Differs daga gare shi kawai a narrower da pubescent ganye. Fure-fure suna da farin tare da kututturen fata.
- Pachypodium takaice kara, in ba haka ba ake kira Pachypodium brevicaule - jinsin jinsin, wanda bayan faduwa ganye suna kama da dutse. Gidansa da sassaucin inuwa mai launin asali kuma tare da diamita har zuwa 60 cm ba cikakke ba ne a cikin yanayin - don haka launi yana haɗuwa da yashi. Ƙananan launi na rawaya suna da ban sha'awa idan aka kwatanta da tushe kanta.
- Pachypodium Lamer branched ko in ba haka ba Pachypodium lamerei var. ramosum an rarraba shi da wani sifa mai launin kwalba da ƙananan ƙaya. Forms spiky harbe. Furen furanni girma a cikin umbellate inflorescences kai 10 cm a diamita.
- Pachipodium Saunders, wanda sunansa a Latin sauti kamar Pachypodium saundersii yana da ban sha'awa tare da nau'i mai launin launin toka mai launin launin toka ba wanda ya fi murabba'in mita 1.5, an rufe shi da ƙananan ƙaya. Ganyayyaki suna fadi da tushe mai tushe, kuma furanni suna da fari, an yi wa ado tare da gefuna na ruwan hoda.
- Pachypodium succulent ko kuma Pachypodium succulentum - bambanci tare da wani mummunan tushe, kamar kama da dutse da kuma dan kadan da aka binne a cikin ƙasa, ƙananan magunguna da kuma nau'i na "allura". Ana nuna bambancin launin Bell da launin ruwan hoda da kuma ja "fitila" daga cibiyar.
- Pachypodium densely flowered, a Latin, da ake kira Pachypodium densiflorum - bambanci tare da cikakkiyar ƙwayoyin launin rawaya, da hankali sosai. Gudun ruwa yana faruwa a lokacin da lokacin kauri yana kimanin 30 cm a diamita, matsakaicin tsawo yana da 45 cm.
- Pachypodium Khorombenze ko a Latin Pachypodium horombense Poiss - iri-iri iri-iri tare da gwargwadon ƙwayar mai sauƙi, rassan ganye a cikin rassan a ƙarshen harbe da manyan furanni na launin rawaya, suna girma a cikin gungu.
- Southern pachypodium, in ba haka ba ana kira Pachypodium meridionale - Farin mai launi mai launin ruwan hoda mai yawa da m. Yawancin lokaci, zai kai har zuwa m 1. Kwayarsa mai santsi ne da siliki-launin ruwan kasa.
- Pachypodium rosette, a cikin Latin da aka kira Pachypodium rosulatum - wani nau'i tare da ƙananan ƙarfin wutan (ƙwallon), sama da rassan daji da launin rawaya mai launin rawaya ko rawaya-rawaya.
- duba har zuwa 60 cm high, tare da spiky ko santsi caudex da elongated karu rassan. Rahotan ganye suna samuwa a cikin kantuna a saman harbe. Inflorescences suna canza launin rawaya. - Pachypodium Rutenberg, wanda sunansa ba sauti kamar Pachypodium rutenbergianum - jinsin da ke da kwandon da diamita na har zuwa 60 cm, rassan shinge, rosettes na ganye masu launin duhu. Furen suna manyan da fari.
Kulawa na gida
Pachypodium kwanan nan ya sami shahararren wuri da wani wuri a kan windowsills. Shekaru 10 da suka wuce, 'yan mutane sun san shi kuma an yi amfani da tsire-tsire a rarity. Daga nan sai masu tsire-tsire masu furanni sun dubi injin kuma sun gano cewa wannan wakilin flora ba shi da burin zane: saboda rashin amfani da kuma rashin buƙatar sanyi, yana da matukar dacewa don girma cikin gida. Masu sauraron yanzu sun zama na kowa a cikin al'ada, wannan kuma ya taimakawa gaskiyar cewa baya buƙatar kulawa mai ban mamaki.
Haske da zazzabi
Babban labarai - pachypodium baya buƙatar shading, Yana son hasken rana, amma yana da tushe a cikin penumbra. A kudu, kudu maso yammaci ko kudu maso gabashin taga cikakke ne don girma, amma idan wurinka ya bambanta, bajinka ba zai mutu ba. A lokacin rani yana da kyau ya dauki shi a gonar ko zuwa baranda. Kadai nuance - zuwa haskoki mai haske Ya kamata a yi amfani da rana sosai a hankali.
Madagascar itatuwan dabino yana jin tsoro, amma yana son iska mai yawa kuma yana son yanayin zafi daga 16 ° C kuma ya fi girma a cikin hunturu kuma daga 18 zuwa 30 °C ko mafi girma a lokacin rani. Ba kamar sauran wakilai na flora ba, zai samo tushe a kan windowsill kusa da baturi!
Dasa da kuma dasawa bayan sayan
Matashi launi transplanted a shekara spring as well manya - kowane 2-3 shekaru. Girma mai saurin yanayi da jinkirin raguwa shine dalilan da ya dace da dashi sosai. Zai zama abin da zai dace don dashi sabon shuka - haɗuwa da ƙwayar ƙasa shine sau da yawa cikakkun peaty, wanda ke nufin cewa akwai hadarin ruwa. Bayan haka Canjin ƙasa zai kare "Madagascar palm" - idan akwai kwari a ƙasa, za a raba su. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata ka yi nazarin shi a hankali ko ka wanke ganye tare da sabulu da kuma wanke a karkashin ruwan sha.
Ground
Matsayi mafi kyau don samowa ana samuwa ta hanyar haɗuwa a daidai ƙididdigar ganye da ƙasa mai laushi tare da launi ko tsari. Wani zaɓi:
- 1 yanki na filin sod
- 1 part shirye mix for cacti
- 0.5 sassa peat
- 1 part pearl ko m yashi
Yanayin mafi muhimmanci - malalewa ya kamata ya kasance daga uku zuwa rabi girma na tukunya. Yana da amfani don ƙara ƙwayoyin yumbu, gawayi ko tubali ga maɓallin. Hukan da ke ƙasa na tanki ya zama babban! Zaka kuma iya girma da "dabino" tare da taimakon hydroponics.
Taki / ciyarwa
A lokacin bazara da lokacin rani, ciyarwa ba zai hana pachypodium ba. kowane makonni biyu na taki don damuwa. A watan farko ko biyu bayan dasawar, ba a hadu da shi ba - yana buƙatar kawai abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin ƙasa.
Watering da zafi
Sakamakon sashin jiki na sirri na sirri ne mai kyau Stores danshi - ba sa ji tsoron fari da busassun iska. Duk da haka, akwai wani abin zamba - cikakken ma'auni tsakanin matsakaicin watering da fari bada green Pet da mafi kyau siffar. Idan succulent ya bushe sosai, zai rasa rassan, kuma idan ya yi yawa, toshe zai yi yawa sosai.
Tsarin mulki na mafi kyau shine daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, amma ba tare da ruwa ba, kuma matsakaici cikin sauran watanni. Wannan yana nufin cewa a lokacin dumi, ana shayar da ruwa a kowane 1-3 dayskuma a cikin hunturu - 1-2 sau a mako ko wata daya (kamar yadda bushewa daga saman manya na maɓallin).
Fuska "Madagascar palm" yana yiwuwa, amma ba dole bane. Tana son na yau da kullum shafa ganye zane Ruwa na bukatar dumi kuma ya zauna.
Kiwo
Pachypodium multiplies a hanyoyi da yawa:
- Tsaba. Na farko, an shayar da su a cikin ruwan dumi na rana, sannan a rarraba a ko'ina a kan murfin yashi da kuma yayyafa shi da nauyin digirin guda daya (kimanin 0.5 cm). Yana daukan kwanaki 3-4, da dama watanni ko ma a rabi shekara guda don ci gaba.
- Jigo na kara. Hanyar matsala, tare da shi akwai kusan zero. Ana amfani da cakuda peat da yashi.
- Cuttings. Hanyar ya dace da pachypodium Lamer. A lokacin rani, an rabu da ƙwayar, an bushe don kwanaki 5 ko 8 a kan takarda, sa'an nan kuma a sanya shi a cikin cakuda yashi da peat. Haske, hasken haske da haske mai haske shine matsanancin yanayi don nasarar.
Flowering
Lokacin flowering yana farawa a cikin bazara ko lokacin rani, dangane da iri-iri. Sai kawai samfurori da suka kai shekaru 6-7 suna rufe furanni. A cikin daban-daban na inflorescences fari, rawaya, jan, ruwan hoda, wasu - m. Suna ci gaba da kusan kusan mako guda.
Daga rabi na biyu zuwa Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, pachipodium ya shiga cikin "ɓoyewa". A lokacin sauran lokuta, zai iya zama gaba ɗaya ba tare da ganye ba. Lokacin da sababbin suka girma, ƙwaƙwalwar "su" ta motsa dan kadan.
Matsaloli masu yawa
- Idan ka shayar da dabino da yawa, zai iya rasa dukkan launi.
- Fresh zai yi duhu kuma ya fadi - ƙananan haske ko watering tare da ruwan sanyi.
- Tare da matalauta masu shayarwa, masu raguwa suna raguwa da ƙananan ganye.
- Daga sanyi da kuma wuce kima watering iya rot da ganga.
- Ƙunƙunƙun ƙasa sun bushe, da kuma tsummoki a ciki - ƙananan magunguna.
Jarabawa
Za a iya kai hari kan Pachypodium:
- Red gizo-gizo mite
- Shit
- Thrips
- Dakatarwa
Yaƙi tare da abokan gaba Kuna iya tsarin mutane ko kwari. Sau da yawa yakan taimaka wajen magance su mai sauƙi, wanda suke wanke wanda aka azabtar.
Pachypodium wani abu ne mai ban mamaki da na asali wanda zai iya jaddada ainihin mawallafin. Tsarrai mai mahimmanci, ƙwararriyar "gashi" da kyawawan furanni - duk waɗannan suna magana a cikin ni'imarsa. Ya zama dole ne a gabatar da yanayin dacewa da sauƙi da kuma kulawa da shi kadan - kuma ganyayyaki mai fata zai faranta maka rai tare da lakabi mai launi, mai kyau da kuma karfi da furanni.
Hotuna
Duba karin hotuna pachypodium:
